Abstract:Resumo
Esse artigo compara as aglomerações econômicas espaciais dos Estados do (PIA 2000, PINTEC 2000 e SECEX 2000) and 5,507 municipalities in Brazil (ADH 2000, SIMBRASIL 2000, IPEA Data, IBGE 2000, and information on scientific and technological production, services and agriculture. Based on this information, the economic agglomerations were identified and their productive structures were characterized.
“…Since it's the second largest state in the country, there are huge internal distances. River paths, crossing the Amazon rainforest, for instance, are challenging routes between home and school (Almeida, 2010;Ruiz & Domingues, 2008). Considering social inequality issues that prevail in this scenario, the inhabitants of the interior of Pará look for better living conditions in the capital, where they end up finding always new problems and, unfortunately, few solutions (Cardoso et al, 2015).…”
In Brazil, school dropout exceeded the limits of public schools and can no longer be understood as an unfolding of social factors. One of the explanatory hypotheses for this fact relates boredom, lack of concentration and learning difficulties in the classroom to the constant experiences of children and teenagers in virtual environments. An alternative solution consists of using new technologies at school. However, it is likely that methodological changes are counterproductive if the disciplinary bases of the school system are maintained, as the negative effects of coercion are incompatible with the freedom experienced virtually. This study aims to present relationships between non-coercion and staying in school. For this purpose, it presents the theoretical assumption that underlies an action research implemented at the University of Amazônia, in Belém: spontaneous and pleasurable engagement in activities and recognition of personal and social value are positive effects of non-coercive interactions. Therefore, we investigate whether the formation of small groups with non-coercive characteristics in schools favors among students the development of a pleasurable engagement in academic activities. University students present literary texts to groups of about fifteen students, opening space on a weekly basis for shared reading, reflections and dialogue with the absence of performance evaluations. We have obtained positive results in areas such as assertiveness, empathy, resilience, creativity, autonomy and pleasure in reading, which unfolds in pleasure in studying. We expect that historically naturalized coercion in schools is brought to the center of attention, so that learning can be dissociated from fear and avoidance.
“…Since it's the second largest state in the country, there are huge internal distances. River paths, crossing the Amazon rainforest, for instance, are challenging routes between home and school (Almeida, 2010;Ruiz & Domingues, 2008). Considering social inequality issues that prevail in this scenario, the inhabitants of the interior of Pará look for better living conditions in the capital, where they end up finding always new problems and, unfortunately, few solutions (Cardoso et al, 2015).…”
In Brazil, school dropout exceeded the limits of public schools and can no longer be understood as an unfolding of social factors. One of the explanatory hypotheses for this fact relates boredom, lack of concentration and learning difficulties in the classroom to the constant experiences of children and teenagers in virtual environments. An alternative solution consists of using new technologies at school. However, it is likely that methodological changes are counterproductive if the disciplinary bases of the school system are maintained, as the negative effects of coercion are incompatible with the freedom experienced virtually. This study aims to present relationships between non-coercion and staying in school. For this purpose, it presents the theoretical assumption that underlies an action research implemented at the University of Amazônia, in Belém: spontaneous and pleasurable engagement in activities and recognition of personal and social value are positive effects of non-coercive interactions. Therefore, we investigate whether the formation of small groups with non-coercive characteristics in schools favors among students the development of a pleasurable engagement in academic activities. University students present literary texts to groups of about fifteen students, opening space on a weekly basis for shared reading, reflections and dialogue with the absence of performance evaluations. We have obtained positive results in areas such as assertiveness, empathy, resilience, creativity, autonomy and pleasure in reading, which unfolds in pleasure in studying. We expect that historically naturalized coercion in schools is brought to the center of attention, so that learning can be dissociated from fear and avoidance.
“…Essa ênfase tende a contribuir para o fortalecimento dos centros hegemônicos, o enfraquecimento dos espaços periféricos e o abandono de políticas voltadas à integração nacional. Os investimentos em geral inclinam-se a se direcionar às estruturas já consolidadas como nas rotas de exportação de produtos primários em direção a portos de escoamento Domingues, 2008).…”
Section: _configuração Regional Recente Da Indústria No Brasilunclassified
“…Houve aumento significativo do coeficiente de importaç ão da indústria de transformação brasileira, principalmente nos setores mais intensivos em tecnologia. Carvalho Jr. e Ruiz (2008) destacam que as principais alterações apontadas na maioria dos estudos sobre a indústria brasileira, após a abertura, são a redução nas taxas de lucro, o aumento na concentração industrial via fusões e aquisições, o aumento da participação do capital estrangeiro e da produtividade. Esta última está associada à modernização das firmas e ao aumento da con¬corrência de bens importados.…”
Section: _produtividade Do Trabalho Na Indústriaunclassified
O artigo apresenta uma análise regional e setorial da produtividade do trabalho na indústria nos anos 1996-2007 a partir dos dados da PIA-IBGE utilizando o método shift-share. Foi feita uma ponderação da produtividade do trabalho de cada setor e região pela sua respectiva participação no emprego nacional. Os resultados dos cálculos das componentes de crescimento da produtividade do trabalho mostraram que, na maioria dos setores e regiões, a componente de crescimento estrutural modificada tem baixa relação com o crescimento da produtividade do trabalho. Concluiu-se que o crescimento da produtividade nos setores e regiões foi mais em razão da própria competitividade regional do que das mudanças na estrutura produtiva. Verificou-se também que o crescimento das regiões menos desenvolvidas foi insuficiente para compensar o decréscimo na região Sudeste, não havendo incremento na produtividade do trabalho em nível nacional.
“…The Northeast is characterized by high income inequality and concentration of poor families throughout the region (over 40% of families considered to be poor), with the UN Human Development Index for the region being 0.57 compared to 0.78 for the Southern region of Brazil (CEDEPLAR 2008a, b). Low per capita income and high unemployment levels can be mostly explained by its weak economic structure, with only a few industrial agglomerations characterized by small and specialized industries (some intensive in natural resources), sales to local markets, intensive unskilled-labor, and low technology (Ruiz and Domingues 2008).…”
This research contributes to an understanding of the relationship between climate change, economic impacts and migration. We model the long-term relationship (up to 45 years of projection) between demographic dynamics-particularly migration-driven by changes in the performance of the economy due to climate changes in the Northeast region of Brazil. The region is of particular relevance to the study of climate change impacts given its large human population (28% of Brazil's population) and high levels of impoverishment, having an extensive semi-dry area which will be severely impacted by growing temperatures. Ultimately, the integrated model generates state-and municipal-level migration scenarios based on climate change impacts on the primary economic sectors and their articulations with other sectors. Results suggest that the predicted climate changes will impact severely the agriculture sector in the region, acting as a potential migration push factor to other regions in the country. Finally, we discuss how the increased vulnerability of some groups, particularly migrants, can be factored into Brazilian public policy and planning.
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