AGL15 Promotion of Somatic Embryogenesis: Role and Molecular Mechanism

Joshi, Sanjay; Paul, Priyanka; Hartman, Jeanne M.; Perry, Sharyn E.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.861556

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…These subgroups included FLC, AG, AGAMOUS, AGL6, GGM13, SQUA, STMADS11, DEF, and GLO, which could be important for regulating floral organ development. Additionally, subgroups, such as AGL12 [ 27 ], AGL17 [ 28 ], and TM3 [ 29 ] were involved in regulating root development, while others, such as AGL15 [ 30 ] were expressed predominantly during embryogenesis and seed development. Finally, there were specific subgroups responsible for stimulating flowering in the tips of the stems and axillary meristems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MADS-Box Family Genes in Lagerstroemia indica and Their Involvement in Flower Development

Qiao,

Deng,

Zeng

et al. 2024

Plants

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MADS-box is a key transcription factor regulating the transition to flowering and flower development. Lagerstroemia indica ‘Xiang Yun’ is a new cultivar of crape myrtle characterized by its non-fruiting nature. To study the molecular mechanism underlying the non-fruiting characteristics of ‘Xiang Yun’, 82 MADS-box genes were identified from the genome of L. indica. The physicochemical properties of these genes were examined using bioinformatics methods, and their expression as well as endogenous hormone levels at various stages of flower development were analyzed. The results showed that LiMADS genes were primarily classified into two types: type I and type II, with the majority being type II that contained an abundance of cis-acting elements in their promoters. By screening nine core proteins by predicted protein interactions and performing qRT-PCR analysis as well as in combination with transcriptome data, we found that the expression levels of most MADS genes involved in flower development were significantly lower in ‘Xiang Yun’ than in the wild type ‘Hong Ye’. Hormonal analysis indicated that ‘Xiang Yun’ had higher levels of iP, IPR, TZR, and zeatin during its early stages of flower development than ‘Hong Ye’, whereas the MeJA content was substantially lower at the late stage of flower development of ‘Hong Ye’. Finally, correlation analysis showed that JA, IAA, SA, and TZR were positively correlated with the expression levels of most type II genes. Based on these analyses, a working model for the non-fruiting ‘Xiang Yun’ was proposed. During the course of flower development, plant hormone response pathways may affect the expression of MADS genes, resulting in their low expression in flower development, which led to the abnormal development of the stamen and embryo sac and ultimately affected the fruiting process of ‘Xiang Yun’.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MADS-Box Family Genes in Lagerstroemia indica and Their Involvement in Flower Development

Qiao,

Deng,

Zeng

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…(2022) . Furthermore, Joshi et al. (2022) reviewed the involvement of MCM1, AGAMOUS, DEFICINS and SRF, serum response factor (MADS)-domain transcription factor AGAMOUS-Like 15 (AGL15) in somatic embryo development by influencing functions such as transcription factors, hormone signaling, and epigenetic regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and histological validation of modified in ovulo nucellus culture based high-competency direct somatic embryogenesis and amplitude true-to-the-type plantlet recovery in Kinnow mandarin

Murugan

Awasthi²,

Singh³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Kinnow (Citrus nobilis Lour. × Citrus deliciosa Ten.) needs to be genetically improved for traits such as seedlessness using biotechnological tools. Indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE) protocols have been reported for citrus improvement. However, its use is restricted due to frequent occurrences of somaclonal variation and low recovery of plantlets. Direct somatic embryogenesis (DSE) using nucellus culture has played a significant role in apomictic fruit crops. However, its application in citrus is limited due to the injury caused to tissues during isolation. Optimization of the explant developmental stage, explant preparation method, and modification in the in vitro culture techniques can play a vital role in overcoming the limitation. The present investigation deals with a modified in ovulo nucellus culture technique after the concurrent exclusion of preexisting embryos. The ovule developmental events were examined in immature fruits at different stages of fruit growth (stages I–VII). The ovules of stage III fruits (>21–25 mm in diameter) were found appropriate for in ovulo nucellus culture. Optimized ovule size induced somatic embryos at the micropylar cut end on induction medium containing Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) basal medium with kinetin (KIN) 5.0 mg L-1 and malt extract (ME) 1,000 mg L-1. Simultaneously, the same medium supported the maturation of somatic embryos. The matured embryos from the above medium gave robust germination with bipolar conversion on Murashige and Tucker (MT) medium + gibberellic acid (GA3) 2.0 mg L-1 + ά-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 0.5 mg L-1 + spermidine 100 mg L-1 + coconut water (CW) 10% (v/v). The bipolar germinated seedlings established well upon preconditioning in a plant bio regulator (PBR)-free liquid medium under the light. Consequently, a cent percent survival of emblings was achieved on a potting medium containing cocopeat:vermiculite:perlite (2:1:1). Histological studies confirmed the single nucellus cell origin of somatic embryos by undergoing normal developmental events. Eight polymorphic Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers confirmed the genetic stability of acclimatized emblings. Since the protocol can induce rapid single-cell origin of genetically stable in vitro regenerants in high frequency, it has potential for the induction of solid mutants, besides crop improvement, mass multiplication, gene editing, and virus elimination in Kinnow mandarin.

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“…Prior work documented that AGL15, a MADS‐factor, can promote SE in a variety of dicots (Harding et al, 2003; Yang et al, 2014; Zheng & Perry, 2014), and expression of orthologs in other species correlate with embryo development (Joshi et al, 2022). AGL15 is a direct induced target of several key embryo identity TFs including LEC1, LEC2, FUS3, but not ABI3 (the so‐called LAFL factors) (Braybrook et al, 2006; Pelletier et al, 2017; Tian et al, 2020; Wang & Perry, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory mechanisms of the LBD40 transcription factor in Arabidopsis thaliana somatic embryogenesis

Joshi,

Hill,

Chakrabarti

et al. 2023

Plant Direct

Self Cite

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Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a process by which an embryo is derived from somatic tissue. Transcription factors (TFs) have been identified that control this process. One such TF that promotes SE is AGAMOUS‐like 15 (AGL15). Prior work has shown that AGL15 can both induce and repress gene expression. One way this type of dual function TF works is via protein interactions, so a yeast 2‐hybrid (Y2H) screen was undertaken. One intriguing protein with which AGL15 interacted in Y2H was LBD40. LBD40 encodes a LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB)‐domain TF that is unique to plants and is primarily expressed during seed development. Here, we confirm the AGL15‐LBD40 interaction by quantitative assays and in planta co‐immunoprecipation. We also document a role for LBD40, and the closely related protein LBD41, in supporting SE. To determine downstream genes potentially controlled by LBD40, chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing (ChIP‐seq) was used. More than 400 binding regions for LBD40 were consistently found genome‐wide. To determine genes responsive to LBD40/41 accumulation, RNA‐seq analysis of transcriptomes of wild‐type control and loss‐of‐function lbd40/lbd41 was performed. Combining these datasets provides insight into genes directly and indirectly controlled by these LOB domain TFs. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these regulated genes showed an overrepresentation of biological processes that are associated with SE, further indicating the importance of LBD40 in SE. This work provides insight into SE, a poorly understood, but essential process to generate transgenic plants to meet agricultural demands or test gene function. This manuscript reports on experiments to understand the role that LDB40, a TF, plays in support of SE by investigating genes directly and indirectly controlled by LBD40 and examining physical and genetic interactions with other TFs active in SE. We uncover targets of LBD40 and an interacting TF of the MADS family and investigate targets involvement in SE.

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AGL15 Promotion of Somatic Embryogenesis: Role and Molecular Mechanism

Cited by 12 publications

References 150 publications

MADS-Box Family Genes in Lagerstroemia indica and Their Involvement in Flower Development

MADS-Box Family Genes in Lagerstroemia indica and Their Involvement in Flower Development

Molecular and histological validation of modified in ovulo nucellus culture based high-competency direct somatic embryogenesis and amplitude true-to-the-type plantlet recovery in Kinnow mandarin

Regulatory mechanisms of the LBD40 transcription factor in Arabidopsis thaliana somatic embryogenesis

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