Aging, working memory capacity and the proactive control of recollection: An event-related potential study

Keating, Jessica; Affleck-Brodie, Caitlin; Wiegand, Ronny; Morcom, Alexa M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0180367

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…A previous study did not detect significant associations between the left parietal effect and simple recognition or subjective recollection measures in substantial samples (MacLeod & Donaldson, 2017 ). We and others have found positive associations between target-selectivity of the left parietal ERP and measures of working memory capacity, supporting the proposal that selectivity reflects memory control ability (Elward et al, 2013 ; Elward & Wilding, 2010 ; Keating et al, 2017 ). Because mnemonic decisions occur at the end of the retrieval process, a more complex model that accounts for the contribution of pre-retrieval control, working memory, and cue overlap is likely to be needed to understand the relationship between the left parietal effect and mnemonic performance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Research suggests that people can only sometimes selectively remember in this way (Rosburg & Mecklinger, 2017). This ability tracks individual working memory capacity (Elward & Wilding, 2010), which in turn correlates with abilities on a range of other tasks reduced in later life (Dywan et al, 1998;Keating et al, 2017;Unsworth, 2016). Time-resolved measures of brain activity like electroencephalographic eventrelated potentials (ERPs) allow us to quantify proactive control processes that act prior to the point of retrieval and distinguish them from their impact on selective recollection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cue overlap supports preretrieval selection in episodic memory: ERP evidence

Moccia

Morcom

2021

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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People often want to recall events of a particular kind, but this selective remembering is not always possible. We contrasted two candidate mechanisms: the overlap between retrieval cues and stored memory traces, and the ease of recollection. In two preregistered experiments (Ns = 28), we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to quantify selection occurring before retrieval and the goal states — retrieval orientations — thought to achieve this selection. Participants viewed object pictures or heard object names, and one of these sources was designated as targets in each memory test. We manipulated cue overlap by probing memory with visual names (Experiment 1) or line drawings (Experiment 2). Results revealed that regardless of which source was targeted, the left parietal ERP effect indexing recollection was selective when test cues overlapped more with the targeted than non-targeted information, despite consistently better memory for pictures. ERPs for unstudied items also were more positive-going when cue overlap was high, suggesting that engagement of retrieval orientations reflected availability of external cues matching the targeted source. The data support the view that selection can act before recollection if there is sufficient overlap between retrieval cues and targeted versus competing memory traces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cue overlap supports preretrieval selection in episodic memory: ERP evidence

Moccia

Morcom

2021

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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“…Notably, a substantial fraction of age-related variance in episodic memory performance appears to be attributable to a decline in the efficacy of encoding processes (e.g., Craik, 1983;Craik & Rose, 2012;Friedman & Johnson, 2014;Luo & Craik, 2008). The impact of age on processes supporting episodic retrieval (henceforth, 'recollection') is less clear, although there is behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) evidence that goal-appropriate processing of retrieval cues ('retrieval orientation') is negatively impacted by increasing age (Duverne et al, 2008;Jacoby et al, 2005;Keating et al, 2017;. In the present study, we used ERPs to examine the effects of age on the neural correlates of successful episodic retrieval.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age differences in the neural correlates of the specificity of recollection: An event-related potential study

et al. 2020

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In young adults, the neural correlates of successful recollection vary with the specificity (or amount) of information retrieved. We examined whether the neural correlates of recollection are modulated in a similar fashion in older adults. We compared event-related potential (ERP) correlates of recollection in samples of healthy young and older adults (N = 20 per age group). At study, participants were cued to make one of two judgments about each of a series of words. Subsequently, participants completed a memory test for studied and unstudied words in which they first made a Remember/Know/New (RKN) judgment, followed by a source memory judgment when a word attracted a 'Remember' (R) response. In young adults, the 'left parietal effect'-a putative ERP correlate of successful recollection-was largest for test items endorsed as recollected (R judgment) and attracting a correct source judgment, intermediate for items endorsed as recollected but attracting an incorrect or uncertain source judgment, and, relative to correct rejections, absent for items endorsed as familiar only (K judgment). In marked contrast, the left parietal effect was not detectable in older adults. Rather, regardless of source accuracy, studied items attracting an R response elicited a sustained, centrally maximum negative-going deflection relative to both correct rejections and studied items where recollection failed (K judgment). A similar retrieval-related negativity has been described previously in older adults, but the present findings are among the few to link this effect specifically to recollection. Finally, relative to correct rejections, all classes of correctly recognized old items elicited an ageinvariant, late-onsetting positive deflection that was maximal over the right frontal scalp. This finding, which replicates several prior results, suggests that post-retrieval monitoring operations were engaged to an equivalent extent in the two age groups. Together, the present results suggest that there are circumstances where young and older adults engage qualitatively distinct retrieval-related processes during successful recollection.

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“…Based on such a rationale, some ERP studies have used exclusion tasks to investigate the control of recollection (e.g. Fraser et al, 2007;Herron & Rugg, 2003;Keating et al, 2017). However, the exclusion task offers only two response options in a single stage, unlike the source and associative recognition paradigms.…”

Section: Event Related Potential Correlates Of Familiarity and Recoll...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of ERP correlates of recollection and familiarity

Morcom¹,

Kwon²,

Rugg³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A longstanding question in memory research is whether recognition is supported by more than one mnemonic process. Dual process models distinguish recollection of episodic detail from familiarity, while single process models explain recognition in terms of a process that varies in strength. Dual process models have drawn support from findings that recollection and familiarity elicit distinct electroencephalographic event-related potentials (ERPs): a mid-frontal effect that occurs at around 300-500 ms post-stimulus onset and is often larger for familiarity than recollection contrasts, and a parietal ERP effect that occurs at around 500-800 ms and is larger for recollection than familiarity contrasts. We sought to adjudicate between dual and single process models by investigating whether the dissociation between these two ERP effects is reliable over studies. We extracted effect sizes from 41 experiments that had used Remember-Know, source memory, and associative memory paradigms (1000 participants). Meta-analysis revealed a strong interaction between ERP effect and mnemonic process of the form predicted by dual process models, although neither ERP effect was significantly process-selective taken alone. Mega-analysis of raw data from 6 studies further showed significant process-selectivity for both mid-frontal and parietal ERPs in the predicted time windows. The findings favor dual over single process theories of recognition memory but point to a need to promote sharing of raw data.

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Aging, working memory capacity and the proactive control of recollection: An event-related potential study

Cited by 7 publications

References 70 publications

Cue overlap supports preretrieval selection in episodic memory: ERP evidence

Cue overlap supports preretrieval selection in episodic memory: ERP evidence

Age differences in the neural correlates of the specificity of recollection: An event-related potential study

Meta-analysis of ERP correlates of recollection and familiarity

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