Aging, Osteo-Sarcopenia, and Musculoskeletal Mechano-Transduction

Leser, Jenna; Harriot, Anicca; Buck, Heather V.; Ward, Christopher W.; Stains, Joseph P.

doi:10.3389/fresc.2021.782848

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 187 publications

(201 reference statements)

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“…Like many other tissues, the skeleton follows a ‘use it or lose it’ model, wherein continued disuse leads to a cycle of wasting, decreased capacity, and fragility, especially in aging ( Leser et al, 2021 ), when the balance of deposition and resorption shifts towards net loss of mineralized bone. Bone mass and osteoblast number decrease with age ( Almeida, 2012 ), but study after study ( Layne and Nelson, 1999 ; Mosti et al, 2014 ; Watson et al, 2018 ; Holubiac et al, 2022 ) report the protective benefits of mechanical loading and exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteocyte-mediated mechanical response controls osteoblast differentiation and function

Buck,

Stains

2024

Front. Physiol.

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Low bone mass is a pervasive global health concern, with implications for osteoporosis, frailty, disability, and mortality. Lifestyle factors, including sedentary habits, metabolic dysfunction, and an aging population, contribute to the escalating prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis. The application of mechanical load to bone through physical activity and exercise prevents bone loss, while sufficient mechanical load stimulates new bone mass acquisition. Osteocytes, cells embedded within the bone, receive mechanical signals and translate these mechanical cues into biological signals, termed mechano-transduction. Mechano-transduction signals regulate other bone resident cells, such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts, to orchestrate changes in bone mass. This review explores the mechanisms through which osteocyte-mediated response to mechanical loading regulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. An overview of bone cell biology and the impact of mechanical load will be provided, with emphasis on the mechanical cues, mechano-transduction pathways, and factors that direct progenitor cells toward the osteoblast lineage. While there are a wide range of clinically available treatments for osteoporosis, the majority act through manipulation of the osteoclast and may have significant disadvantages. Despite the central role of osteoblasts to the deposition of new bone, few therapies directly target osteoblasts for the preservation of bone mass. Improved understanding of the mechanisms leading to osteoblastogenesis may reveal novel targets for translational investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteocyte-mediated mechanical response controls osteoblast differentiation and function

Buck,

Stains

2024

Front. Physiol.

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“…Sarcopenia is considered a special form of senescence, but recent studies have found that some patients start to lose muscle mass in middle age or even youth ( 14–16 ). This type of sarcopenia that progresses in early-life is called early-onset sarcopenia ( 17–19 ). Early-onset sarcopenia has worse clinical manifestations and prognosis than ordinary sarcopenia ( 20 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of vitamins B1 and B2 intake with early-onset sarcopenia in the general adult population of the US: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018

Yang,

Dong,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundEarly-onset sarcopenia refers to the progressive loss of muscle mass and function that occurs at an early age. This condition perpetuates the vicious cycle of muscle loss and is associated with adverse outcomes. It is important to identify the contributing factors for early intervention and prevention. While diet is known to impact muscle mass, the association of B vitamins with early-onset sarcopenia remains unexplored.ObjectivesTo investigate the association of B vitamins intake with early-onset sarcopenia risk in a cross-sectional study.MethodsWe conducted data analysis on a total of 8,711 participants aged between 20 and 59 years who took part in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018. Early-onset sarcopenia was defined as a SMI measured by DXA that was one standard deviation below the sex-specific mean of the reference population. B vitamins intake (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, and B12) was assessed by 24-h dietary recall. We used weighted multiple logistic regression and RCS models to estimate the OR and 95% CI of sarcopenia by B vitamins intake, adjusting for demographic, physical, lifestyle, comorbidities, and nutritional covariates.ResultsHigher intake of vitamin B1 was associated with a 22% lower sarcopenia risk (OR = 0.78, CI = 0.63–0.97, p = 0.022), and higher intake of vitamin B2 with a 16% lower risk (OR = 0.84, CI = 0.74–0.97, p = 0.012) in both genders. Gender-specific analyses showed a 28% reduction in sarcopenia risk among males with each additional mg of vitamin B1 intake (OR = 0.72, CI = 0.52–0.97, p = 0.038), and a 26% decrease among females with each additional mg of vitamin B2 intake (OR = 0.74, CI = 0.57–0.96, p = 0.021). No significant differences were found between vitamin B2 and males, or between vitamin B1 and females. The RCS model suggested a nonlinear relationship between vitamin B2 intake and sarcopenia risk (POverall = 0.001, PNonlinear = 0.033), with a plateau effect above 3 mg/d.ConclusionHigher intake of vitamin B1 and B2 may lower the risk of early-onset sarcopenia, with gender differences. This suggests the potential of nutritional intervention by increasing these vitamins intake through diet and supplements. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and design targeted interventions.

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Interval aquatic training with and without progression of relative intensity on health outcomes of adults and elderly: a pragmatic trial-Floripa aquatic training and health outcomes (FATHO)

Leonel,

Wolin,

Oliveira

et al. 2024

Sport Sci Health

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Aging, Osteo-Sarcopenia, and Musculoskeletal Mechano-Transduction

Cited by 5 publications

References 187 publications

Osteocyte-mediated mechanical response controls osteoblast differentiation and function

Osteocyte-mediated mechanical response controls osteoblast differentiation and function

Association of vitamins B1 and B2 intake with early-onset sarcopenia in the general adult population of the US: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018

Interval aquatic training with and without progression of relative intensity on health outcomes of adults and elderly: a pragmatic trial-Floripa aquatic training and health outcomes (FATHO)

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