2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.07.011
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Aging of 3Y-TZP dental zirconia and yttrium depletion

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Cited by 37 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…When the Y-TZP is exposed to stress, its metastable structure undergoes a t→m phase transformation, resulting in a volumetric expansion that can stop crack propagation [5]. However, the t→m transformation of zirconia can occur without stress under moist conditions, which is referred to as low temperature degradation (LTD) or aging [6]. After the transformation, intergranular microcracking appears, which degenerates the mechanical properties of the Y-TZP [7,8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When the Y-TZP is exposed to stress, its metastable structure undergoes a t→m phase transformation, resulting in a volumetric expansion that can stop crack propagation [5]. However, the t→m transformation of zirconia can occur without stress under moist conditions, which is referred to as low temperature degradation (LTD) or aging [6]. After the transformation, intergranular microcracking appears, which degenerates the mechanical properties of the Y-TZP [7,8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Zirconia has a wide range of use in dentistry due to its superior mechanical and esthetic properties, biocompatibility, and low bacterial adhesion [6,7]. However, long-term use of zirconia might decrease the durability and sturdiness of the material due to the constant exposure of saliva and wetting and thermal changes [16,17]. Zirconia is a crystalline material which has three phases, and thermal changes in the oral environment caused by hot and cold food and beverages lead to shifting in phases and thus LTD in long-term [11-13, 18, 19].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The transition between the phases leads to a significant volumetric change. This structural expansion leads to tensile forces and cracks in the ceramic, reducing the hardness and durability of the material [16,17]. In prosthetic restorations, zirconia in the tetragonal phase is preferred, but to keep the zirconia stable in the tetragonal phase, pure zirconia should be modified such as addition of compounds like magnesium, calcium, scandium, yttrium, neodymium or cerium (CeO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO) or yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) [7,16,17].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, after hydrothermal aging for 100 h, the biaxial flexural strength decreased to 756 MPa, reducing by 42.8%. One possible reason is that the m-phase volume fraction increased through the phase transformation of t→m increased during hydrothermal aging [26,27]. Our previous reports found that the monoclinic phase content could increase 75% after 100 h hydrothermal aging [21].…”
Section: Microstructure Surface Morphology and Compositionmentioning
confidence: 97%