Aging and everyday memory: A cross-cultural study.

Abstract

Performance on computer-simulated, everyday memory tasks was found to deteriorate with age in Belgian and American samples matched on gender and age. This age-related memory decline was reasonably consistent across samples. Difficulties in cross-cultural research and the advantages of ecologically valid measurement instruments are discussed.

Recalling names after introduction: Changes across the adult life span in two cultures

“…These data confirm and significantly extend earlier findings (Crook & West, 1990;Crook, Youngjohn, et al, 1991;Zappala et al, 1989), suggesting that the ability to recall the names of individuals to whom one is introduced declines consistently and significantly across the adult life span. Results of this study suggest that this phenomenon is seen across cultures and is not the result of sampling artifact.…”

“…Data from San Marino reported herein are unique in that they may represent the first memory performance test data to emerge from a completely randomized sample of a large population. Although a decline in name-face association was reported previously in American (Crook & West, 1990), Belgian (Crook, Youngjohn, et al, 1991), and Italian (Zappala et al, 1989) samples, in no case were the samples representative of the population from which they were drawn. Of course, this is the case with virtually all data on psychological performance tests because of the extraordinary difficulties involved in identifying and testing a random sample of a large population.…”

“…Recently, Crook, Youngjohn, Larrabee, and Salama (1991) compared name-face acquisition and delayed recall performance (as well as performance on other tests) among 434 Belgian adults of all ages with that in a matched sample of Americans. Subjects in Belgium were tested using a French translation of the same test used by Crook and West.…”

Efficacy of Donepezil in Early-Stage Alzheimer Disease

“…The primary efficacy measure was the least squares means change from baseline to end point on the modified ADAS-cog 10 total score. Secondary efficacy measures included change from baseline to end point on the MMSE, the CDR-Sum of the Boxes, the CMBT, 11 and the Apathy Scale. 12 Patients were asked to rate their impression of change using the Patient Global Assessment Scale at the end point visit.…”

The Impact of Age, Gender, and Marital Status on Age-Associated Cognitive Decline

“…Age-associated cognitive decline is considered a hallmark of ageing, hence a normal, non-pathological human occurrence (Deary et al, 2009). As a result of advancing age, cognitive decline is associated with a deterioration in certain cognitive abilities, such as processing speed, language, memory, and executive functioning abilities (Crook et al, 1992;Harada, Natelson-Love, & Triebel, 2013). Cognitive ageing is detectable in early adulthood, including healthy educated adults (Salthouse, 2009;Salthouse, 2011) and a common precursor of dementia, illness, and death (Deary et al, 2009).…”