Aging and care strategies in long-term nursing homes during the Covid-19 pandemic: narrative review

Abstract

The increase in longevity demands specific care and governmental management that ensures quality aging for all. An additional challenge to fulfilling this right occurred in March 2020, with the Covid-19 pandemic, during which nursing homes for the elderly needed to make significant changes in their dynamics and care practices. The aim of this study was to understand the repercussions and effects of these transformations on institutionalized elderly care, caregiver procedures, and the psychosocial implications on their health. A narrative literature review was conducted on the SciELO, Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PePSIC). Fifteen articles were selected based on inclusion criteria: publication year between 2020 and 2023, publication language in Portuguese, and study country. The material selection allowed for the construction of three categories: protocol care, expanded care, and psychosocial impacts on the elderly and caregivers. Infection prevention care was the most prevalent theme. Although social distancing was a necessary measure and a form of care, it was observed to have impacts on mental health. working conditions and psychosocial issues were among the impacts on caregivers. It is concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic emphasize the need for a more focused approach to care in Long-Term Care Facilities, involving the creation of integrated care models that also include the socio-familial support network.