Aging Alters Zonation in the Adrenal Cortex of Men

Parker, C. R.; Mixon, R. L.; Brissie, Robert M.; Grizzle, William E.

doi:10.1210/jcem.82.11.4507

Cited by 98 publications

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“…Each class of tissue is composed of many different types of cells and the extracellular matrix. Aging is known to cause a decline of cell numbers and tissue size, changes in tissue structure and components, and alteration of cell shapes and metabolism (20)(21)(22)(23)(24). The regulatory mechanisms and intracellular AA levels also differ as time passes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbic Acid Levels in Various Tissues, Plasma and Urine of Mice during Aging

Iwama

Amano

Shimokado

et al. 2012

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryHere we quantified ascorbic acid (AA) levels in 14 tissues, plasma and urine of C57BL/6 male mice to track its turnover during 3 to 30 mo of aging. The AA content of adrenal glands and testes decreased somewhat with age, and eventually rose, but increased in the spleen, lungs, eyes and heart. AA levels rose in the liver, skin and skeletal muscles from 6 to 12 mo of age, but declined from 12 to 24 mo. In the cerebellum, cerebrum, small intestine, kidney and plasma, amounts of AA remained almost constant as the animals aged. Most notably, urinary AA decreased markedly until becoming almost undetectable at 24 and 30 mo of age. Collectively, these results, which compare changes in AA levels in specific physiologic targets throughout the aging process, strongly suggest that the AA synthesizing capacity declines over time to become a major factor in senescence-related diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbic Acid Levels in Various Tissues, Plasma and Urine of Mice during Aging

Iwama

Amano

Shimokado

et al. 2012

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…The decline in the circulating concentrations of the adrenal androgens with aging seems to be due to a reduction in the mass of the reticularis zone of the adrenal cortex (Parker et al 1997). However, studies on adrenal cells cultured in vitro demonstrate that the low concentrations of adrenal androgens associated with age seem to be more related to extra-adrenal than to intra-adrenal factors (Fearon et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenopause or decline of serum adrenal androgens with age in women living at sea level or at high altitude

Gonzales¹,

Góñez²,

Villena³

2002

Journal of Endocrinology

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The present study aimed to determine adrenopause or reduction of serum adrenal androgens with age at high altitude and at sea level. It was a cross-sectional study performed in 210 women resident at high altitude (4340 m) and 123 women living in Lima (150 m), aged 20-70 years. Fasting early morning blood samples were obtained. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulphate (DHEAS), androstenedione, testosterone and estradiol were measured by radioimmunoassay. Serum testosterone concentrations were greater in women living at high altitude than in those resident at sea level. Serum concentrations of DHEA, DHEAS and androstenedione were lower in women living at high altitude than in those living at sea level. The DHEAS/DHEA ratio was significantly greater, and the androstenedione/testosterone ratio was lower in samples from women living at high altitude. Among women older than 50 years of age, a greater decline in serum concentrations of DHEA was observed in those living at high altitude than in those living at sea level. Among women 60-70 years of age, serum concentrations of DHEA at high altitude were 46·9% of those in women of the same age living at sea level. Decay of DHEAS at sea level and at high altitude occurred from the age of 40 years. The decline was faster at high altitude than at sea level, and in women aged 60-70 years serum values of DHEAS at high altitude were 56% of those at sea level. In the same age group, serum concentrations of androstenedione among those native to high altitudes were 27·34% of the value at sea level. At sea level, serum testosterone concentrations did not change with age from 20 to 70 years. In women aged 20-39 years and 50-59 years, serum testosterone concentrations were greater at high altitude than at sea level (P<0·05). In those aged 60-70 years, the concentrations were similar in those living at sea level and at high altitude. At sea level and at high altitude, the serum testosterone/estradiol ratio increased with age (P<0·0034 and P<0·0001 respectively). This ratio increased at an earlier age among those living at high altitude (40-49 years) than among those living at sea level (50-59 years). Multivariate analysis showed that altitude (P<0·0001) and greater chronological age (P<0·001) were associated with lower serum DHEAS concentrations. DHEAS was related to chronological age (P<0·0001). Low serum androstenedione concentrations were related to living at high altitude at birth and greater chronological age (P<0·0001). In conclusion, adrenopause is attained earlier and is of greater magnitude at high altitude than at sea level.

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“…The underlying mechanisms of DHEAS change with advancing age are thought to be related to morphological and functional changes in the zona reticularis of the ageing human adrenal cortex. Declines in DHEAS levels have been attributed to atrophy of the adrenal cortical cell mass and a loss of adrenal androgen biosynthesis (43,44). Observed increases in DHEAS are more difficult to explain.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) change in older men and women: the Rancho Bernardo Study

Tannenbaum¹,

Barrett‐Connor²,

Laughlin³

et al. 2004

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: To examine the age-related and sex-specific rates and determinants of change in endogenous dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) levels in older community-dwelling adults, taking into account regression to the mean. Design: Prospective cohort study from Rancho Bernardo, California, USA. Methods: Plasma for DHEAS was collected at baseline and 10-14 years later from 242 men and 207 postmenopausal women (age range, 60 -77 years), who were not taking hormone therapy or corticosteroids. Age-related and sex-specific changes in DHEAS were calculated according to four different definitions of change: absolute change, annual percentage change, change exceeding 10% of baseline and change exceeding that expected from statistical regression to the mean. Determinants of DHEAS change were assessed using regression analyses. Results: Baseline DHEAS levels were higher for men than women (age-adjusted means, 1.37^0.73 mg/ml (3.72^1.98 mmol/l) vs 0.73^0.48 mg/ml (1.98^1.30 mmol/l) respectively, P , 0.0001), with more pronounced declines observed in men (2 4.0%/year) compared with women (2 2.1%/year; P , 0.001). Some 28% of women and 5% of men had DHEAS levels that increased or stayed the same according to a 10% definition of change. When regression to the mean artifact was accounted for, only 15% of women and 5% of men showed true increases in DHEAS. In both sexes, baseline DHEAS levels accounted for three-quarters of the variability in absolute DHEAS change over time, with higher baseline levels resulting in greater loss. Sex, baseline weight, age and smoking status were significantly associated with DHEAS change in univariate models; only sex remained independently associated with DHEAS change in multivariate analyses, with men showing greater annual declines than women (estimated coefficient ¼ 0.006, P ¼ 0.008). Conclusion: In this sample, over 30% of the observed changes in DHEAS could be attributed to regression to the mean. Potential underlying mechanisms of change in DHEAS levels, and sex differences, are discussed. European Journal of Endocrinology 151 717-725

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Aging Alters Zonation in the Adrenal Cortex of Men

Cited by 98 publications

References 0 publications

Ascorbic Acid Levels in Various Tissues, Plasma and Urine of Mice during Aging

Ascorbic Acid Levels in Various Tissues, Plasma and Urine of Mice during Aging

Adrenopause or decline of serum adrenal androgens with age in women living at sea level or at high altitude

A longitudinal study of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) change in older men and women: the Rancho Bernardo Study

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