Aging affects response variability of V1 and MT neurons in rhesus monkeys

Yang, Yun; Liang, Zhen; Li, Guangxing; Wang, Yongchang; Zhou, Yifeng

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.04.015

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Our present finding that the age-related deficit for discriminations of 3-D shape is higher for motion than for static binocular disparity is consistent with the idea that aging negatively affects performance on most, if not all, psychophysical tasks involving motion (see also Atchley & Andersen, 1998;Bennett, Sekuler, & Sekuler, 2007;Betts, Taylor, Sekuler, & Bennett, 2005). This age-related deficit for motion tasks has recently been associated with reductions in GABA (gammaaminobutyric acid) activity in cortical area MT and the primary visual cortex (Leventhal, Wang, Pu, Zhou, & Ma, 2003;Liang et al, 2010;Yang, Liang, Li, Wang, & Zhou, 2009;Yang, Zhang, et al, 2009). Thus, it is likely that at least some of the age-related deficits observed in the present experiments were caused by deterioration in the functionality of inhibitory mechanisms within the primary visual cortex and/or cortical area MT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Norman

Holmin

Beers

et al. 2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Two experiments evaluated the ability of younger and older adults to visually discriminate 3-D shape as a function of surface coherence. The coherence was manipulated by embedding the 3-D surfaces in volumetric noise (e.g., for a 55 % coherent surface, 55 % of the stimulus points fell on a 3-D surface, while 45 % of the points occupied random locations within the same volume of space). The 3-D surfaces were defined by static binocular disparity, dynamic binocular disparity, and motion. The results of both experiments demonstrated significant effects of age: Older adults required more coherence (tolerated volumetric noise less) for reliable shape discrimination than did younger adults. Motion-defined and static-binoculardisparity-defined surfaces resulted in similar coherence thresholds. However, performance for dynamic-binoculardisparity-defined surfaces was superior (i.e., the observers' surface coherence thresholds were lowest for these stimuli). The results of both experiments showed that younger and older adults possess considerable tolerance to the disrupting effects of volumetric noise; the observers could reliably discriminate 3-D surface shape even when 45 % of the stimulus points (or more) constituted noise.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Norman

Holmin

Beers

et al. 2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…Response variability was quantified with the Fano factor [Fano factor ϭ (variance/mean)] (Fu et al 2012;Kara et al 2000;Yang et al 2009a). Fano factor was calculated for two different measures of responses to 20 repetitions of FM sweeps: the number of spikes per stimulus (magnitude variability) and variability in interspike interval (ISI variability).…”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cortical spectrotemporal processing with age-related hearing loss

Trujillo

Razak

2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Trujillo M, Razak KA. Altered cortical spectrotemporal processing with age-related hearing loss. J Neurophysiol 110: 2873-2886. First published September 25, 2013 doi:10.1152/jn.00423.2013.-Presbycusis (age-related hearing loss) is a prevalent disability associated with aging that impairs spectrotemporal processing, but the mechanisms of such changes remain unclear. The goal of this study was to quantify cortical responses to frequency-modulated (FM) sweeps in a mouse model of presbycusis. Previous studies showed that cortical neurons in young mice are selective for the rate of frequency change in FM sweeps. Here single-unit data on cortical selectivity and response variability to FM sweeps of either direction and different rates (0.08 -20 kHz/ms) were compared across young (1-3 mo), middle-aged (6 -8 mo), and old (14 -20 mo) groups. Three main findings are reported. First, there is a reduction in FM rate selectivity in the old group. Second, there is a slowing of the sweep rates at which neurons likely provide best detection and discrimination of sweep rates. Third, there is an increase in trial-to-trial variability in the magnitude and timing of spikes in response to sweeps. These changes were only observed in neurons that were selective for the fast or intermediate range of sweep rates and not in neurons that preferred slow sweeps or were nonselective. Increased variability of response magnitude, but not changes in temporal fidelity or selectivity, was seen even in the middle-aged group. The results show that spectrotemporal processing becomes slow and noisy with presbycusis in specific types of neurons, suggesting receptive field mechanisms that are altered. These data suggest neural correlates of presbycusis-related reduction in the ability of humans to process rapid spectrotemporal changes.

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“…Monkeys were examined when they were anaesthetised during the headpost implantation procedure by an ophthalmologist and the same investigation was performed as reported in other papers (e.g., (Yang et al, 2009a)). No major ophthalmoscopic deviations or refractive errors were detected in the lens, vitreous body, vasculature or macula.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of papers have addressed the connection between aging and the decline of visual functions (Liang et al, 2010;Schmolesky et al, 2000;Spear, 1993;Wang et al, 2006;Wang, 2001;Yang et al, 2008;Yang et al, 2009a;Yu et al, 2006), but we are not aware of any electrophysiological report concerning the effects of aging on the neuronal activity underlying object and shape vision in a high-level visual area such as the monkey inferotemporal cortex (IT).…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the MT of monkeys, age-related alteration of speed representation and the increase in response variability were found. The possible underlying mechanism could be the lower number of glycinergic neurons (Yang et al, 2009a;Yang et al, 2009b) and also the decrease in the number of interneurons in the cortex (Coleman and Flood, 1987). The receptive field of IT cells is shaped by…”

Section: Decreased Stimulus Selectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the segregated visual system

Gergő¹

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Aging affects response variability of V1 and MT neurons in rhesus monkeys

Cited by 50 publications

References 65 publications

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Altered cortical spectrotemporal processing with age-related hearing loss

Investigation of the segregated visual system

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