Aggressive high-grade Ewing's sarcoma of maxilla: A rare case report

Abstract

Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is an uncommon malignancy of childhood and adults that constitutes 6%–8% of all primary malignant tumors and the third-most common tumor after osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma, frequently involves the mandible among jaw bones. This article presents a rare case of ES of maxilla in a 22-year-old male patient showing extensive lesion into skull base which was confirmed with computed tomography, dilemmatic histopathologic features in H and E which is not a frequent presentation. Histopathologic features showed monotonous round cells with hypo- and hyper-cellular areas, intralesional hemorrhage and necrosis with lesional cells positive for CD99. Although the prognosis is poor, early diagnosis and long-term follow-up can improve the survival. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry where lesional cells were positive for CD 99 and vimentin. ES of maxilla is a rare and aggressive tumor. Hence, early diagnosis, combined therapy, and long-term follow-up are suggested in such cases.

A rare case of Ewing sarcoma metastasis to the oral cavity

“…Ewing sarcoma has a poor prognosis due to its hematogenous spread and the occurrence of pulmonary metastases, often occurring a few months after diagnosis. 17 In the present case, the patient had pulmonary and bone metastases and had received several treatment modalities, including surgery, CHT, and palliative RTD.…”

Primary Ewing Sarcoma of the Mandibular Condyle: A Rare Case With Diagnostic Challenge

“…Histologically, Small, uniformly bland, round cells with round nuclei, scant cytoplasm and ill-defined cell borders were seen. Therefore, this tumor has been classified as small round cell tumor that has very differential diagnoses which include metastatic carcinoma, lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma (small cell variant) and mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (8,12).…”

“…Osteosarcoma contains osteoid, the cells of this tumor were positive for osteopontin (16). Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma contains chondroid (12). The cartilaginous areas express S-100 (17).…”