Aggressive Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma of the Nasal Cavity

Abstract

Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is an uncommon and nonneoplastic reactive tumor that involves the maxilla and mandible in the region of the head and neck. It is rare in the nasal cavity, and it might be misdiagnosed. We reported a very aggressive GCRG with intracranial invasion, which was treated surgically via a combined approach of a lateral rhinotomy with a craniotomy by bilateral coronal incision. The pathology was consistent with GCRG. A short literature review about diagnosis, clinical behavior, and treatment of this tumor entity is given.

Radiological features of Central Giant Cell Granuloma: Comparative study of 7 case reports and literature review

“…Histologically, PGCG and CGCG both are similar. However, they differ in terms of aggressiveness as CGCG are more aggressive and higher recurrence tendency than PGCG [6,8,9].…”

“…The skull adjacent to the lesion was destructed and thinning of thickness present, but was not perforated. [6,7,8,9]. These two different groups of pathological entities of giant cell granuloma has similar histological features but pathogeneses of both are still not clear.…”

“…Chuong et al [14] and Ficarra et al [15] has classi ed CGCG into aggressive and non-aggressive types on the basis of 6 criteria like pain, growth rate, swelling, tooth root resorption, cortical perforation and recurrences. Aggressive lesions exhibit pain and rapid growth and usually more than 5 cm in size with the features of swelling and cortical bone perforation and teeth displacement and root resorption [4,6,9,16]. And this type of lesion has high chances of recurrence.…”

“…Literatures have reported the higher recurrence rate of curettage (33-75%) so, total surgical resection is considered to be the best one for CGCG with lesser recurrence rate (10-20%) [7,19,20]. Radiotherapy can also be used for CGCG cases where surgery is di cult to perform, but literatures have reported the higher chances of malignant transformation post radiotherapy [8,9]. Newer studies are being conducted on use of drugs like calcitonin, phosphate and corticosteroid injections which are focused on inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and activation leading to reduce in recurrence of CGCG rates [7,20].…”

Peripheral Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma of the Sino-orbital Region—A Giant Lesion: A Rare Case Report

“…Histologically, it can be differentiated from giant cell tumor by the absence of sheets of plump mononuclear spindle to ovoid stromal cell proliferation. 12 To differentiate it from brown tumor, it is important to note that the serum levels of Ca, P and PTH, are within normal limits in cases of GCRG.…”