Aggressive B-cell lymphomas—from morphology to molecular pathogenesis

Chen, Bo-Jung; Fend, Falko; Campo, Elı́as; Quintanilla-Martı́nez, Leticia

doi:10.21037/aol.2018.12.02

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…VRL with an underlying BCL2 translocation was first reported by White et al ( 1999 ) in 1993 and was later reported to be found in 57% of patients with VRL (Wallace et al, 2006 ). Given that most VRL cases are of the ABC DLBCL subtype (Araujo and Coupland, 2017 ; Karakawa et al, 2018 ; Chen et al, 2019 ; Fan et al, 2019 ) and that BCL2 is more commonly found in GCB DLBCL (Barrans et al, 2002 ; Iqbal et al, 2004 ; Chen et al, 2010 ), the high occurrence of the BCL2 translocation in patients with VRL as reported by Wallace et al ( 2006 ) is intriguing (Fend et al, 2016 ; Kalogeropoulos et al, 2019 ). In a cohort of 106 patients with DLBCL, both overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly poorer in 27 patients who had the BCL2 translocation (Zhang et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Vitreoretinal Lymphoma (Vrl) Diagnostic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this stratification according to molecular signatures, PCNSL was subsequently classified as ABC DLBCL (Camilleri-Broet et al, 2006 ; Bhagavathi et al, 2008 ; Cheng et al, 2008 ; Montesinos-Rongen et al, 2009 ; Hattab et al, 2010 ; Li et al, 2017 ; Belhouachi et al, 2020 ). Indeed, >80% of VRL cases belong to this subtype (Araujo and Coupland, 2017 ; Karakawa et al, 2018 ; Chen et al, 2019 ; Fan et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytologic and Molecular Diagnostics for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Current Approaches and Emerging Single-Cell Analyses

Tan¹,

Wang

Ricciardi‐Castagnoli³

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a rare ocular malignancy that manifests as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent mistreatment and to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with VRL. The disease can be diagnosed using various methods, including cytology, immunohistochemistry, cytokine analysis, flow cytometry, and molecular analysis of bulk vitreous aspirates. Despite these options, VRL diagnosis remains challenging, as samples are often confounded by low cellularity, the presence of debris and non-target immunoreactive cells, and poor cytological preservation. As such, VRL diagnostic accuracy is limited by both false-positive and false-negative outcomes. Missed or inappropriate diagnosis may cause delays in treatment, which can have life-threatening consequences for patients with VRL. In this review, we summarize current knowledge and the diagnostic modalities used for VRL diagnosis. We also highlight several emerging molecular techniques, including high-resolution single cell-based analyses, which may enable more comprehensive and precise VRL diagnoses.

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Section: Vitreoretinal Lymphoma (Vrl) Diagnostic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytologic and Molecular Diagnostics for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Current Approaches and Emerging Single-Cell Analyses

Tan¹,

Wang

Ricciardi‐Castagnoli³

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) comprising morphologically, biologically, and clinically heterogeneous subgroups with various cellular morphologies, molecular characteristics, and a high proliferation index [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive type of B-cell lymphoma characterized by the translocation of MYC , Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and Ki-67 proliferation index of ~100% [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ki-67 Labeling Index Patterns of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas and Burkitt Lymphomas Using Image Analysis: A Multicenter Study

et al. 2021

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Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common high-grade B-cell lymphoma found in Korea; it manifests with a variety of cellular morphologies and a high proliferation index. It is difficult to differentiate between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) based on immunohistochemistry, histology, and Epstein-Barr virus infection status owing to the overlap in findings. In this study, we performed comparative morphometric analysis to understand the proportional difference in Ki-67 staining between DLBCL and BL. We analyzed Ki-67-stained slides of 103 DLBCLs and 29 BLs that were pathologically confirmed using a three-tier classification system (negative, 1+, 2+, and 3+) to compare Ki-67 expression between BL and activated B-cell and germinal center B-cell subtypes of DLBCL and DLBCL with high proliferation indices (>90% of 2+ and 3+ cells). Patients with DLBCL were older than those with BL (62.1 versus 51.0 years). The number and proportion of negative cells (passenger and true negative cells) were significantly lower in BLs than those in DLBCLs (337.4, 5.9% versus 690.3, 12.4%). The number and proportion of 3+ cells were significantly higher in BLs than those in DLBCLs (5213.6, 96.3% versus 3132.4, 62.0%). BLs and DLBCLs with a high proliferation index showed similar results as those between BLs and overall DLBCLs. We were able to differentiate BLs and DLBCLs with 98.1% sensitivity and 100.0% specificity using an optimal cut-off of 97.9% of 2+/3+ Ki-67-positive cells. Thus, the Ki-67 labeling index may be a good differential biomarker for DLBCLs and BLs.

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“…VRL with an underlying BCL2 translocation was first reported by White et al (1999) in 1993 and was later reported to be found in 57% of patients with VRL (Wallace et al, 2006). Given that most VRL cases are of the ABC DLBCL subtype (Araujo and Coupland, 2017;Karakawa et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2019;Fan et al, 2019) and that BCL2 is more commonly found in GCB DLBCL (Barrans et al, 2002;Iqbal et al, 2004;Chen et al, 2010), the high occurrence of the BCL2 translocation in patients with VRL as reported by Wallace et al (2006) is intriguing (Fend et al, 2016;Kalogeropoulos et al, 2019). In a cohort of 106 patients with DLBCL, both overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly poorer in 27 patients who had the BCL2 translocation (Zhang et al, 2011).…”

Section: B-cell Lymphoma 2 (Bcl2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this stratification according to molecular signatures, PCNSL was subsequently classified as ABC DLBCL (Camilleri-Broet et al, 2006;Cheng et al, 2008;Montesinos-Rongen et al, 2009;Hattab et al, 2010;Li et al, 2017;Belhouachi et al, 2020). Indeed, >80% of VRL cases belong to this subtype (Araujo and Coupland, 2017;Karakawa et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2019;Fan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aggressive B-cell lymphomas—from morphology to molecular pathogenesis

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Cytologic and Molecular Diagnostics for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Current Approaches and Emerging Single-Cell Analyses

Cytologic and Molecular Diagnostics for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Current Approaches and Emerging Single-Cell Analyses

Comparison of Ki-67 Labeling Index Patterns of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas and Burkitt Lymphomas Using Image Analysis: A Multicenter Study

Table_1.DOCX

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