Aggression, Impulsivity, and Suicide Behavior: A Review of the Literature

Gvion, Yari; Apter, Alan

doi:10.1080/13811118.2011.565265

Cited by 339 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Impulsivity has further been linked to suicidal behavior in numerous studies, though was usually mediated by a number of other risk factors (e.g., Kashden et al 1993;Beautrais et al 1999). More recently, Gvion and Apter (2011) reviewed the literature on aggression, impulsivity, and suicidal behavior. They concluded that, while there are inconsistencies and confusing findings given the interrelationship between aggression and impulsivity, the relationship between aggression, impulsivity, and suicidality is well-established.…”

Section: Impulsivity and Suicide Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying and Suicidal Behavior During Adolescence: A Developmental Perspective

Gunn

Goldstein

2016

Adolescent Res Rev

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This review of the literature examines the problem of suicide and bullying from a developmental perspective with a focus on the unique characteristics of adolescence that may contribute to the bullying-suicide link. Adolescence is a time of peak physical health, yet can be a period of risky behavior and heightened emotionality. In this literature review, it is argued that a number of developmental factors leave adolescents especially vulnerable to suicidal behavior following exposure to bullying. This review highlights the importance of developmental factors in understanding the bullying-suicide link during adolescence. Adolescence, with an increase in emotionality, risk-taking, and an increased focus on peer relationships, is an at-risk period for the development of suicidality following exposure to bullying. Also highlighted are gender differences, special challenges facing LGBTQ adolescents, and recommendations for intervention and prevention.

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Section: Impulsivity and Suicide Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying and Suicidal Behavior During Adolescence: A Developmental Perspective

Gunn

Goldstein

2016

Adolescent Res Rev

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“…15,16 It has been observed that lithium administration decreases impulsive aggressive behavior in men. 17 Possibly, higher levels of lithium in the drinking water decrease suicide rates among men by reducing impulsivity and aggression.…”

Section: Neurobiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide in Men

Sher¹

2015

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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The authors found that lithium levels in drinking water were significantly and inversely associated with male suicide standard mortality ratios (SMRs) but not total or female SMRs. This observation reminds us about the complex issue of gender differences in suicidal behavior. PREVALENCEWhile women show higher rates of reported nonfatal suicidal behavior, men have a much greater rate of completed suicide.2-4 Worldwide, men commit suicide 3-10 times more frequently than women. 2,3 Male suicide rates are higher than female rates at all ages. In the United States and Canada, men die from suicide attempts 3 times more often than do women.3,4 The gender-suicide gap is especially large in some European countries such as Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus, and Ukraine. 5 PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORSMultiple psychosocial factors may contribute to the observed gender differences in suicidal behavior. The traditional male gender role is described by characteristics such as independence, aggressiveness, risk-taking behavior, pursuit of power and dominance, competitiveness, success, and control. 2,[6][7][8][9] The male gender role in Western cultures implies not acknowledging anxiety or depression, which might arise under difficult or threatening conditions.The susceptibility of many men to suicide is probably related to their relative unwillingness to get help when they are distressed.2,6-10 A review of help seeking by persons who committed suicide revealed that men had lower overall rates of contact with health care providers compared with women. 10 This study showed that in the year before suicide, 58% of women versus 35% of men sought care from a mental health professional. Men's lack of help seeking may be partially related to a lack of training and responsiveness from some psychiatrists and other clinicians who may not treat depressed, anxious, or suicidal men empathically.2 Suicidality in men is considerably affected by socioeconomic aspects such as income, wealth, employment status, and social position.2,6-9,11 Men's susceptibility to suicide may be increased in periods of unemployment because of gender anticipations that men should support themselves and their families. Also, unemployment is frequently associated with poverty, domestic difficulties, depression, and hopelessness, which all may contribute to suicidality.Studies have shown that the association between alcohol/drug abuse and suicide is more significant for men, and many more men than women use alcohol/drugs immediately prior to their suicide. 7,9,12 In many societies, alcohol use is associated with masculinity, and this may explain a connection between alcohol use and suicide in men.7 Alcohol may be consumed by some men to lessen depression or anxiety and as an unhealthy alternative to getting professional help for psychiatric issues.Marital breakdown leads to many difficulties for men, including the possibility of parental alienation from children. 13,14 Fathers who have lost some or all contact with their children for months or even years following separatio...

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“…Its association with an increased risk for suicide in our bivariate analysis (Table 3) suggests personality might play a role in averse-life-event-related "impulsive" suicide. Previously, a number of studies showed that the most attributing factors of personality disorders to suicidal behaviors were impulsivity, aggression, and hostility [37,[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86] . Since about half of suicides in China were unplanned and impulsive, the relationship between personality traits/disorder and suicides is worthy of further exploration with larger sample size studies.…”

Section: Issn 2372-5923mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of suicide in a rural area of Shandong province in mainland China: a case control study

Liu

Sun

et al. 2015

国际公共卫生杂志

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Objective: Suicide is a major public health problem in China, particularly in rural areas. This study aimed to examine the rate and the risk factors for suicide in a rural area of China. Methods: The mortality data of two counties in Shandong Province from January 1st, 2004 to December 31st 2005 were used. Death information was collected via face-to-face interview with informant(s). Psychological autopsy was conducted on 137 completed suicides and 137 matched controls died from other illnesses. Chisquare/Fisher exact and multiple logistic regression were used for bivariate analyses and predictor analyses, respectively. Results: The suicide rate was 20.90 per 100,000 persons per year with almost equal rates of males and females. Among those with the age over 40 years old, the suicide rate in males was significantly higher than that in females. The peak of suicide fell in the age group of 70-79 years for males and the age group of ≥ 80 years for females. The most commonly used method for suicide was pesticide ingestion (76.7%). Poor interpersonal relationship (OR=12.79), childhood adversities (OR=7.26), a history of mental illness (OR=5.95), adverse life event(s) within 1 year prior to death (OR=3.19), and unstable extravert personality traits (OR=6.12) were independent risk factors for suicide. Male gender positively interacted with majority of these risk factors, especially with a history of mental illness (OR=17.89). Advanced age positively interacted with all independent risk factors, with a history of mental illness having the largest OR of 1.51 as every 10 year of age advancement. In bivariate analyses, a history of previous suicide attempt (OR=13.06), a family history of suicide (OR=7.08), and unstable introvert personality trait (OR=1.83) were also associated with increased risk for suicide; and stable extravert personality trait (OR=0.21) was associated with decreased risk for suicide. Conclusions: In this rural population of mainland China, the risk for suicide was almost equal in both males and females with the elderly having the highest risk. The positive interactions of advanced age and male gender with independent risk factors suggest that suicide prevention strategies targeting specific groups with different risk factors are essential.

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Aggression, Impulsivity, and Suicide Behavior: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 339 publications

References 148 publications

Bullying and Suicidal Behavior During Adolescence: A Developmental Perspective

Bullying and Suicidal Behavior During Adolescence: A Developmental Perspective

Suicide in Men

Prevalence and risk factors of suicide in a rural area of Shandong province in mainland China: a case control study

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