Aggression, body temperature, and stress ulcer

Vincent, George P.; Paré, William P.; Prenatt, Jamie E.D.; Glavin, Gary B.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(84)90140-9

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The expression of gnawing/biting during tail pinch has been regarded as one of the strategies which the rat develops in order to cope with stress and could serve to minimize its effects on the organism (30). Thus, in terms of the physiological consequences of stress, rats which were given the opportunity to express their aggressiveness through biting during the stress session had lower levels of corticosterone, maintained their body temperature and developed fewer gastric ulcers than rats not allowed to do so (13,14,31). In relation to the effects of stress on central neurotransmission, in the rats which were allowed to bite, the stressinduced increases in noradrenergic turnover in numerous brain regions were lower, and this fact was particularly striking in the basal ganglia (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible attenuation of stress‐induced increases in striatal dopamine metabolism by the expression of non‐functional masticatory activity in the rat

Gómez

Giralt

Sainz

et al. 1999

European J Oral Sciences

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It is thought that the expression of oral parafunctions may provide an outlet for stress or aggressiveness in man. Stress-induced increases in central noradrenergic neurotransmission are attenuated in rats which are allowed to bite during stress. Striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission is involved in the genesis of parafunctional oral movements in rodents. As tail pinch is the stressor which most clearly provokes non-functional masticatory activity (NFMA), and also increases striatal dopamine (DA) activity in rats, we investigated whether the expression of NFMA during tail pinch could modify the changes in striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission induced by this stressor. Rats were subjected to tail pinch for 5 min, and the duration of the NFMA displayed was recorded. As an index of dopaminergic activity, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) accumulation and DA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic (DOPAC) contents in both striata were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Striatal DOPA accumulation was similarly increased in relation to control, both in rats which did and did not display NFMA during tail pinch. However, the increases in striatal DOPAC contents, reported 24 min after the stress session, were lower in animals which had displayed NFMA. These results provide further evidence in support of the assumption that the expression of parafunctional masticatory activity attenuates the effects of stress on central catecholaminergic neurotransmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A possible attenuation of stress‐induced increases in striatal dopamine metabolism by the expression of non‐functional masticatory activity in the rat

Gómez

Giralt

Sainz

et al. 1999

European J Oral Sciences

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“…Second, mastication during stress prevents immune activation of interleukin-1b and interleukin-6 (79). These systemic inhibitions of stress responses contribute to preventing development of stress ulcers in the stomach (80)(81)(82)(83). Third, and most important, mastication suppresses the stress-activated expression of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) (84) and c-Fos (85), the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (86), oxidative stress (87), and the production of nitric oxide (88,89) (80,93) and their secretagogue, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (77,92,94).…”

Section: Mastication Ameliorates Stress Perception In Rodentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of cognitive dysfunction

Ono

Yamamoto

Kubo

et al. 2010

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation

163

188

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Research in animals and humans has shown that mastication maintains cognitive function in the hippocampus, a brain area important for learning and memory. Reduced mastication, an epidemiological risk factor for the development of dementia in humans, attenuates spatial memory and causes hippocampal neurons to deteriorate morphologically and functionally, especially in aged animals. Active mastication rescues the stress-attenuated hippocampal memory process in animals and attenuates the perception of stress in humans by suppressing endocrinological and autonomic stress responses. Active mastication further improves the performance of sustained cognitive tasks by increasing the activation of the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex, the brain regions that are essential for cognitive processing. Abnormal mastication caused by experimental occlusal disharmony in animals produces chronic stress, which in turn suppresses spatial learning ability. The negative correlation between mastication and corticosteroids has raised the hypothesis that the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by masticatory stimulation contributes, in part, to preserving cognitive functions associated with mastication. In the present review, we examine research pertaining to the mastication-induced amelioration of deficits in cognitive function, its possible relationship with the HPA axis, and the neuronal mechanisms that may be involved in this process in the hippocampus.

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“…Similar results are found for the type of behaviour patterns from which some stereotypies may develop. For example, the gastric ulceration developed by rats when forcibly restrained is significantly lower in animals that perform the apparently irrelevant displacement activity of biting an object (Vincent et al 1984). Adjunctive behaviour such as polydipsia (Brett & Levine 1979;Tazi et al 1986;Dantzer et al 1987) and chain-chewing by sows (Dantzer & Morm6de 1981) may also be accompanied by physiological signs of coping.…”

Section: Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotypies: a critical review

1991

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Abstract. Stereotypies are repetitive, invariant behaviour patterns with no obvious goal or function. They seem to be restricted to captive animals, mentally ill or handicapped humans, and subjects given stimulant drugs. In this respect they are abnormal, although possibly the product of normal behavioural processes. Stereotypies are often associated with past or present sub-optimal aspects of the environment, and have been used as a welfare indicator. It has been hypothesized that stereotypies have beneficial consequences which reinforce their performance, although other means, such as positive feedback, may equally explain their persistence. Empirical evidence links them with lowered awareness of external events, and reduced arousal and distress. However, as most of this evidence is correlational it remains uncertain that the stereotypies are themselves the cause of coping. Furthermore, they are heterogeneous in source of origin, proximate causation and physical characteristics, and they change over time in important respects, becoming more readily elicited by a wider range of circumstances. Therefore the properties of one stereotypy are not necessarily those of another.

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Aggression, body temperature, and stress ulcer

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

A possible attenuation of stress‐induced increases in striatal dopamine metabolism by the expression of non‐functional masticatory activity in the rat

A possible attenuation of stress‐induced increases in striatal dopamine metabolism by the expression of non‐functional masticatory activity in the rat

Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of cognitive dysfunction

Stereotypies: a critical review

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