“…Of course, the doctrinal debate is based both on the establishment of an ad hoc international court to punish this crime (Dannenbaum, 2022;Johnson, 2022;Heller, 2022) 26 or a hybrid court (Komarov, 26However, discussions for the establishment of an ad hoc tribunal remain open, as we have foreseen the difficulty in the past in the case of Syria. And even if a solution is found for the establishment of such a court, the problem remains that the Russian Federation will not cooperate with a special court after the end of the conflict Hathaway, 2022) 27 and/or the road to punishment based on domestic law (Sayapin, 2018;Dannenbaum, 2021) 28 . Ambiguous paths that in the past have not shown a certain effectiveness in similar situations.…”