“…The transmittance has a minimum at λ = 200 nm, which is the absorption band of NaPAA, and approaches 99.6% of the maximal magnitude as λ > 300 nm. The transmittance at λ = 450 nm (T 450 ), higher than the absorption band of NaPAA, was taken from the measured spectra in order to examine the surfactant concentration effect [26,28], as shown in Fig. 3B.…”