AGGREGATION OF SOIL PARTICLES BY ALGAE<sup>1</sup>

Bailey, Don; Mazurak, A. P.; Rosowski, James R.

doi:10.1111/j.0022-3646.1973.00099.x

Cited by 108 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For example, Bailey et al (1973) improved the aggregation of soil particles by inoculating them with algae, and Tisdall and Oades (1982) demonstrated how fungal hyphae bind microaggregates of soil <0.25 mm into stable macroaggregates >0.25 mm. Aggregates from soil surfaces with microbiotic crusts have also been shown to have greater stability than aggregates from bare surfaces (Greene and Tongway 1989;Greene et al 1990).…”

Section: The Role Of Microbiota I N Soil Physical Processes Soil Aggrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbiota are commonly pioneering species in the revegetation of degraded soils (Bailey et al 1973;Booth 1941). A conceptual model of the post-disturbance development of a microbiotic community provides some insight into the role of the various types of microbiota and their relationship to soil physical and chemical properties, and cover of vascular plants (Fig.…”

Section: Microbiota and Ecosystem Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their area of influence is partitioned above and below the soil surface. As well as imparting to the surface a degree of protection against wind and water erosion, fungal hyphae associated with the lichen mats ramify the soil below the mats and enhance the development of stable soil aggregates (Bailey et al 1973).…”

Section: An Alternative System For Classifying Microbiotic Crustsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiotic soil crusts - a review of their roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia

Eldridge¹,

Greene²

1994

Soil Res.

499

307

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Microbiotic crusts are assemblages of non-vascular plants (mosses, liverworts, algae, lichens, fungi, bacteria and cyanobacteria) which form intimate associations with surface soils. They play a major role in infiltration processes through changes to soil physico-chemical properties, and through their influence on soil surface roughness. Whilst some research suggests that they may restrict infiltration, Australian experience is that they are generally associated with enhanced infiltration. Unlike physical soil crusts, microbiotic crusts stabilize the soil against water and wind erosion, increasing landscape stability, particularly in areas of low vascular plant cover. Microbiotic crusts are thus useful indicators of soil surface condition, and cyanobacteria in the crusts fix nitrogen which may be utilized by developing vascular plant seedlings. Little is known, however, about how they interact with vascular plants and soil invertebrates. Their role in rangeland ecosystems has received renewed attention over the past few years with an increasing interest in ecologically sustainable development of arid and semi-arid grazing systems.In this review we discuss the characteristics and distribution of microbiotic crusts in the rangelands of Australia, their roles in soil and eco!ogical processes and the impacts of fire and grazing. Finally we propose a new system for classifying crusts into functional groups and identify areas requiring further investigation.

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Section: The Role Of Microbiota I N Soil Physical Processes Soil Aggrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiota and Ecosystem Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Alternative System For Classifying Microbiotic Crustsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiotic soil crusts - a review of their roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia

Eldridge¹,

Greene²

1994

Soil Res.

499

307

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“…and Scenedesmus sp. has been described in several studies, 18,19 which establish that phytohormones are a good choice for the development of technological application that impacts on agriculture or food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of indole-3-acetic acid in the culture medium of microalga Scenedesmus obliquus (UTEX 393)

Prieto¹,

Córdoba²,

MONTENEGRO³

et al. 2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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O acido indolacético (IAA) é uma auxina natural e um dos principais reguladores do crescimento de plantas superiores. A quantidade de ácido indolacético extracelular produzida pela cultura de microalga verde Scenedesmus obliquus foi estabelecida por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC). Avaliou-se o efeito de três variáveis de processo na produção de IAA extracelular nestas culturas usando planejamento fatorial 2 3 para uma metodologia de screening. As variáveis de planejamento experimental foram agitação, iluminância (intensidade do fluxo luminoso) e fonte de carvão (mistura CO 2 /air v/v (%)) em três diferentes níveis. A concentração de IAA e a taxa de crescimento específico foram usadas como variáveis de resposta. As análises de HPLC mostraram que em condições experimentais, a quantidade de IAA que foi liberada no meio pela alga S. obliquus depende somente da variável iluminância. Os efeitos da luz e as concentrações de carvão no meio de cultura foram significantes (p < 0.05) para uma taxa de crescimento específico.The indoleacetic acid (IAA) is a natural auxin and one of the main growth regulators in higher plants. The extracellular indoleacetic acid (IAA) amount produced by the green microalga Scenedesmus obliquus culture was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was evaluated the effect of three process variables in the extracellular IAA production in these cultures using 2 3 factorial design for screening methodology. The experimental design variables were agitation, illuminance (intensity of luminous flux) and carbon source (CO 2 /air v/v (%) mixture) at three different levels. The IAA concentration and the specific growth rate were used as response variables. The HPLC analyses showed that under experimental conditions, the IAA amount that is released to the medium by S. obliquus depends only on the illuminance variable. The light effects and the carbon concentrations in culture medium were significant (p < 0.05) for specific growth rate.

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“…Well-developed microphytic crusts are relatively hydrophobic because microphytes such as cyanobacteria and soil green algae secrete polysaccharides (Mehta and Vaidya, 1978;De-Philipis et al, 1993), creating mucilaginous sheaths on the soil surface that bind the soil surface particles (Baily et al, 1973;Anantani and Marathe, 1974). This reduces rainfall in®l-tration and generates runo (Yair, 1990;Zaady and Shachak, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of CO2 exchange in biological soil crusts of successional age

Zaady

Kühn

Wilske

et al. 2000

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

137

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The objective of this paper was to determine whether CO 2 exchange rates could be used as an indicator for determining the state of development and species or functional composition of biological soil crusts in dierent successional stages. We quanti®ed the CO 2 exchange rates, i.e., CO 2 assimilation and respiration, in samples from dierent microhabitats at two dierent sites in the Negev desert. In the successional pathway of the crust communities, the pioneers in colonising the soil surface are the cyanobacteria; green algae, mosses and lichens then follow. Physical in¯uences such as soil structure and types, radiation intensity, and topographic traits such as slope directions that aect water availability and soil moisture, in¯uence the successional pathways and the soil crust community. When physical conditions are the same, disturbances are key factors for a speci®c successional stage. We found a substantial gradient of CO 2 exchange at the Nizzana site for both respiration and photosynthesis. Samples from the sand dunes at the Nizzana site showed a pronounced activity gradient with high rates for assimilation (around 70 mmol CO 2 m À2 min À1) as well as respiration (60±70 mmol CO 2 m À2 min À1 ) at the base of dunes, decreasing towards the top. The soil crust samples of the Negev desert show comparable values. Hence, as ecotypes containing such biological soil crusts with dominant photosynthetically active organisms are a widespread phenomenon in desert, boreal and arctic systems, their contribution to the global cycling of trace gases and elements can be signi®cant for global budgets. 7

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AGGREGATION OF SOIL PARTICLES BY ALGAE¹

Cited by 108 publications

References 6 publications

Microbiotic soil crusts - a review of their roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia

Microbiotic soil crusts - a review of their roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia

Production of indole-3-acetic acid in the culture medium of microalga Scenedesmus obliquus (UTEX 393)

Patterns of CO2 exchange in biological soil crusts of successional age

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AGGREGATION OF SOIL PARTICLES BY ALGAE1

Cited by 108 publications

References 6 publications

Microbiotic soil crusts - a review of their roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia

Microbiotic soil crusts - a review of their roles in soil and ecological processes in the rangelands of Australia

Production of indole-3-acetic acid in the culture medium of microalga Scenedesmus obliquus (UTEX 393)

Patterns of CO2 exchange in biological soil crusts of successional age

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AGGREGATION OF SOIL PARTICLES BY ALGAE¹