Aggregation of molecules is controlled in microdroplets

Basuri, Pallab; Kumar, Jenifer Shantha; Unni, Keerthana; Manna, Sujan; Pradeep, Thalappil

doi:10.1039/d2cc04587g

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Microdroplets under ambient conditions constitute a versatile and robust platform for accelerating chemical reactions, [1][2][3][4] with applications in the rapid synthesis of small molecules, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] nanoparticles, 13,14 as well as in protein degradation 15 and enzymatic reactions. 16 Despite achieving up to a 10 6 -fold acceleration in reaction rates, 17 there is ongoing debate about the degree to which this acceleration results from droplet shrinking, which increases concentration and enhances the reaction rate, 18,19 or from the unique air/liquid interfacial properties of microdroplets, which modify the rate constants and thus accelerate reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction acceleration at the surface of a levitated droplet by vapor dosing from a partner droplet

Qiu,

Li,

Holden

et al. 2024

Chem. Sci.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction acceleration at the surface of a levitated droplet by vapor dosing from a partner droplet

Qiu,

Li,

Holden

et al. 2024

Chem. Sci.

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“…Aqueous microdroplets exhibit distinct physicochemical properties such as molecular enrichment at the water/air interface, stable pH gradients, controlled aggregation behavior, and the presence of a higher interfacial electric field , than in bulk water. Several notable organic reactions, e.g., the Suzuki coupling, Claisen–Schmidt condensation, Bayer–Villiger oxidation, and so forth are found to have accelerated kinetics when performed in microdroplets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting Early-Stage Intermediates of Free-Radical Oxidative Degradation in Charged Aqueous Microdroplets

Basuri,

Volmer

2023

J. Phys. Chem. A

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We report the detection of early-stage intermediates of spontaneous free-radical oxidation of organic pollutants such as aliphatic amino alcohols and diamines in charged aqueous microdroplets in the ambient atmosphere. We propose that the intrinsic formation of reactive oxygen species at the air–water interface is responsible for the radical oxidation of the sp3 carbon. We suggest that our work will aid the understanding of the degradation mechanisms of organic molecules in the environment.

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Tailoring Microemulsification Techniques for the Encapsulation of Diverse Cargo: A Systematic Analysis of Poly (Urea-Formaldehyde) Microcapsules

Rajasekaran,

Huynh,

Fugolin

2024

JFB

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Cargo encapsulation through emulsion-based methods has been pondered over the years. Although several microemulsification techniques have been employed for the microcapsule’s synthesis, there are still no clear guidelines regarding the suitability of one technique over the others or the impacts on the morphological and physicochemical stability of the final particles. Therefore, in this systematic study, we investigated the influence of synthesis parameters on the fabrication of emulsion-based microcapsules concerning morphological and physicochemical properties. Using poly(urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) microcapsules as a model system, and after determining the optimal core/shell ratio, we tested three different microemulsification techniques (magnetic stirring, ultrasonication, and mechanical stirring) and two different cargo types (100% TEGDMA (Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) and 80% TEGDMA + 20% DMAM (N,N-Dimethylacrylamide)). The resulting microcapsules were characterized via optical and scanning electron microscopies, followed by size distribution analysis. The encapsulation efficiency was obtained through the extraction method, and the percentage reaction yield was calculated. Physicochemical properties were assessed by incubating the microcapsules under different osmotic pressures for 1 day and 1, 2, or 4 weeks. The data were analyzed statistically with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests (α = 0.05). Overall, the mechanical stirring resulted in the most homogeneous and stable microcapsules, with an increased reaction yield from 100% to 50% in comparison with ultrasonication and magnetic methods, respectively. The average microcapsule diameter ranged from 5 to 450 µm, with the smallest ones in the ultrasonication and the largest ones in the magnetic stirring groups. The water affinities of the encapsulated cargo influenced the microcapsule formation and stability, with the incorporation of DMAM leading to more homogeneous and stable microcapsules. Environmental osmotic pressure led to cargo loss or the selective swelling of the shells. In summary, this systematic investigation provides insights and highlights commonly overlooked factors that can influence microcapsule fabrication and guide the choice based on a diligent analysis of therapeutic niche requirements.

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Aggregation of molecules is controlled in microdroplets

Abstract: Molecular de-aggregation was observed at the air/water interface of aqueous microdroplets. We probed this phenomenon using dyes such as Rhodamine 6G (R6G), Rhodamine B, Acridine orange, and Fluorescein, which show...

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Reaction acceleration at the surface of a levitated droplet by vapor dosing from a partner droplet

Reaction acceleration at the surface of a levitated droplet by vapor dosing from a partner droplet

Detecting Early-Stage Intermediates of Free-Radical Oxidative Degradation in Charged Aqueous Microdroplets

Tailoring Microemulsification Techniques for the Encapsulation of Diverse Cargo: A Systematic Analysis of Poly (Urea-Formaldehyde) Microcapsules

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