Aggregation methods for integrated services

Abstract

SUMMARYReservation aggregation provides scalability to the IETF Integrated Services (IntServ) by reducing the high number of states stored at internal routers and the number of signaling messages processed at these routers. However, in the case of frequent joining and leaving of individual flows, the latter benefit will be lost due to frequent adjustment of aggregation size. In this paper, to reduce aggregation adjustment frequency, we focus on investigating two critical parameters: aggregation size and the lower threshold. We propose two policies to find out the optimal values of these criteria. One policy called Two Bounded operating Policy (TBP) is parameter-based policy and the other called Resource request Variance Policy (RVP) is measure-based policy. The calculation of these optimal values considers three costs: underutilization cost, signaling cost and holding cost. In our evaluation study, we compare the proposed two policies with two others, Temporal Operating Policy (TOP) and Cardinal Operating Policy (COP). This study shows that our mechanisms outperform the previous propositions in terms of cost and blocking ratio.

A scheme of access service recommendation for the Social Internet of Things

“…In our scheme, the trustworthiness of a node is considered as the credibility factor of its recommendation, as shown in (5). The number of common friends is denoted by C(u,v,t).…”

“…The number of common friends is denoted by C(u,v,t). In our scheme, the trustworthiness of a node is considered as the credibility factor of its recommendation, as shown in (5). Opinions from trustworthy nodes are considered more credible and weighted more than those from untrustworthy nodes, thus reducing the risk of malicious attacks.…”

“…With the further popularization and diversification of IoT applications, the complexity of services will continue to increase as well as the extent of personalization. Because one single device/object could not meet all the requirements, the future of the IoT will build increased intelligence to access and correlate services from heterogeneous human-related/ owner-specific sources and require more mutual cooperation among objects [4][5][6][7]. Therefore, it is of great value to provide effective access service recommendations in IoT environments on the basis of the definition, establishment, and management of efficient social architectures among things [8].…”

Gradually adaptive recommendation based on semantic mapping of users′ interest correlations

“…In addition, integrated methods were increasingly used in . Lin and Labiod proposed a method to integrate the parameter‐based policy and measure‐based policy. The results showed that the mechanisms they proposed outperformed other policies which only considered the parameter.…”

Investigation of phantom circuit benefits for next generation xDSL systems

“…The methods for elimination of impulsive noise [10,11] as well as problems related with vectoring process used in VDMT [12] and high number of its sub-channels [13,14] are being discussed as well [15]. Another potential method for increasing the resulting transmission rate in G.fast is to use channel bonding and to aggregate several separate channels together [16,17]. Moreover, this idea was further extended by the application of phantom virtual circuits in star-quad metallic cables [18].…”