Aggregation behavior of nanoparticles in fluidized beds

Hakim, Luis F.; Portman, Julie L.; Casper, Michelle D.; Weimer, Alan W.

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2005.08.019

Cited by 225 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Then primary entangled MWCNTs between particles were formed like a chain-like structure [2]. The arrangement of CNT particles extends to the entire bed through the contact points between the networks of particles in the dense bed [4]. A dense bed with the entangled particle bed expands toward the top of the reactor as the gas velocity increases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, factors for quantifying the CNT aggregates shape were obtained based on the studies of Wang et al [1] and Hakim et al [4], which incorporate various shape factors to visualize the aggregation phenomenon of nanoparticles. Heywood diameter and Feret diameter were used for the aggregate diameter, and aspect ratio, roundness and solidity were used to quantify the shape [15].…”

Section: Image Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is difficult to handle the CNT particles in a gas-solid fluidized bed reactor because the cohesive force between the particles is stronger than the hydrodynamic force by fluid medium. The aggregation of primary particles in the fluidized bed is dependent on the inter-particle interactions, which are a function of the primary particle size [4,5]. Since the hydrodynamic behaviors of the CNT particles in fluidized beds are governed by the interaction of individual particles, an accurate understanding of these micro-scale interactions may assist in the hydrodynamic modeling, design and scale-up of the process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kim [8] has focused predominantly on the visualization of the CNT particles behavior in the freeboard region within a narrow range of gas velocity with one kind of the CNT particles. However, the aggregation behavior of nanoparticles is strongly affected by the initial particle size of the bed [4,5,9]. The study on primary particle size dependence of the CNTs aggregation behavior is still lacking to the best of our knowledge, even though a few reports have been made on nano-powders [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the aggregation behavior of nanoparticles is strongly affected by the initial particle size of the bed [4,5,9]. The study on primary particle size dependence of the CNTs aggregation behavior is still lacking to the best of our knowledge, even though a few reports have been made on nano-powders [4,5]. Therefore, a further study on the fluidization characteristics of CNT aggregates in the dilute phase of the fluidized bed is required for obtaining the design factors of freeboard part in the CNT reactor such as the heat transfer modeling [12] and the cyclone design [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Particle Size on Carbon Nanotube Aggregates Behavior in Dilute Phase of a Fluidized Bed

Kim

2018

Processes

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Fluidized bed reactors have been increasingly applied for mass production of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) using catalytic chemical vapor deposition technology. Effect of particle size (d p = 131 µm and 220 µm) on fluidization characteristics and aggregation behavior of the CNT particles have been determined in a fluidized bed for its design and scale-up. The CNT aggregation properties such as size and shape were measured in the dilute phase of a fluidized bed (0.15 m-ID × 2.6 m high) by the laser sheet technique for the visualization. Two CNT particle beds showed different tendency in variations of the aggregates factors with gas velocity due to differences in factors contributing to the aggregate formation. The CNT particles with a larger mean size presented as relatively larger in the aggregate size than the smaller CNT particles at given gas velocities. The aggregates from the large CNT particles showed a sharp increase in the aspect ratio and rapid decrease in the roundness and the solidity with gas velocity. A possible mechanism of aggregates formation was proposed based on the variations of aggregates properties with gas velocity. The obtained Heywood diameters of aggregates have been firstly correlated with the experimental parameter.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Image Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effect of Particle Size on Carbon Nanotube Aggregates Behavior in Dilute Phase of a Fluidized Bed

Kim

2018

Processes

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Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials—Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications Focused on Lubricating Behavior

Chauhan,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Nanolubricants

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Flexible Nanodielectric Materials with High Permittivity for Power Energy Storage

et al. 2013

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Study of flexible nanodielectric materials (FNDMs) with high permittivity is one of the most active academic research areas in advanced functional materials. FNDMs with excellent dielectric properties are demonstrated to show great promise as energy-storage dielectric layers in high-performance capacitors. These materials, in common, consist of nanoscale particles dispersed into a flexible polymer matrix so that both the physical/chemical characteristics of the nanoparticles and the interaction between the nanoparticles and the polymers have crucial effects on the microstructures and final properties. This review first outlines the crucial issues in the nanodielectric field and then focuses on recent remarkable research developments in the fabrication of FNDMs with special constitutents, molecular structures, and microstructures. Possible reasons for several persistent issues are analyzed and the general strategies to realize FNDMs with excellent integral properties are summarized. The review further highlights some exciting examples of these FNDMs for power-energy-storage applications.

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Aggregation behavior of nanoparticles in fluidized beds

Cited by 225 publications

References 66 publications

Effect of Particle Size on Carbon Nanotube Aggregates Behavior in Dilute Phase of a Fluidized Bed

Effect of Particle Size on Carbon Nanotube Aggregates Behavior in Dilute Phase of a Fluidized Bed

Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials—Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications Focused on Lubricating Behavior

Flexible Nanodielectric Materials with High Permittivity for Power Energy Storage

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