Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotypes infections and periodontal conditions: a two-way assessment

Abstract

This study investigated a large population of individuals positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans and performed a two way analysis assessing the relation between the different serotypes of the bacterium and periodontal conditions. The serotypes analysis (serotypes a, b, c, d, e, f) showed that out of the 204 selected individuals positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans, 152 were positive for a single serotype, 27 showed a variable mixed infection and 25 individuals were not positive for any of the serotypes tested. Serotypes a, b and c were largely found (98%), and serotype c was the most prevalent. Serotypes d, e, and f were either not detected or relatively rare. It was also verified that in non-periodontitis individuals, serotypes a and c were more prevalent (p<0.05); in individuals with mild or moderate/severe chronic periodontitis serotype c was also more common (p<0.05); and aggressive periodontitis subjects showed high prevalence of both serotypes b and c (p<0.05). In conclusion, our study showed that serotype c was the most prevalent in both diseased and healthy subjects. Aggressive periodontitis subjects were not exclusively associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b. Non-typeable strains were either not detected or were relatively infrequent, and serotypes d and f were not detected in the examined Brazilian population.

Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in relation to periodontal status and geographic origin of individuals-a review of the literature

“…In Brazil, an association between serotype b and healthy periodontium and between serotype c and chronic periodontitis was observed (22), differing from other data, which associated serotype b strains with patients with aggressive periodontitis (35). Aggressive periodontitis subjects were not exclusively associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b (31,35).…”

“…In Brazilian subjects, serotypes a, b and c were largely found (98%), and serotype c was the most prevalent. Serotypes d, e, and f were either not detected or relatively rare (22,31,35). The distribution pattern of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes in the subgingival plaque of subjects residing in the United States showed that serotype c is the dominant serotype, followed by serotypes a and b, and serotypes d, e, and f were either not detected or relatively rare (32).…”

“…It has been suggested that patients are usually infected by only one serotype and colonization is stable over time (28,30), however occasional individuals are colonized with two or three serotypes (31,33,35). Most authors reported frequencies of multipleserotype infection up to 20% (22,27,31).…”

“…Serotypes d-f were rarely detected in most populations worldwide (32,33,35). However, a high prevalence of serotype e (19-47%) was noted in Indonesian (28) and Japanese (26) individuals.…”

Variabilidad de la síntesis de citoquinas por células dendríticas humanas estimuladas con los distintos serotipos de Aggregatibacter actinomycetecomitans

“…Sobre la base de la antigenicidad del polisacárido-O componente del lipopolisacárido (LPS) bacteriano, en A. actinomycetemcomitans se han identificado seis serotipos diferentes: a-f (29)(30)(31) . Los serotipos de A. actinomycetemcomitans más frecuentemente detectados en la cavidad oral en humanos son a, b y c, siendo el serotipo b el detectado con mayor frecuencia en pacientes afectados de periodontitis agresiva (32) . En este contexto, la mayor frecuencia de detección del serotipo b de A. actinomycetemcomitans en pacientes con periodontitis agresiva sugiere un mayor potencial patogénico y este podría asociarse a una mayor inmunogenicidad y virulencia (33) .…”