Agglutination and inhibition by serum globulin in the sensitized sheep cell agglutination reaction in rheumatoid arthritis

Ziff, Morris; Brown, Patricia E.; LoSpalluto, Joseph; Badin, J; McEwen, Currier

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(56)90134-6

Cited by 176 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Some of these reactions have been employed as diagnostic procedures and the factor or group of factors involved has been termed the "rheumatoid factor." A number of observations (1,2) have demonstrated that the rheumatoid factor is a y-globulin with the solubility properties of a euglobulin. More recently, ultracentrifuge experiments (3,4) have indicated that the rheumatoid factor is a high molecular weight -y-globulin that exists in serum and plasma in the form of a complex.…”

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confidence: 99%

Studies on the Isolation and Characterization of the “Rheumatoid Factor”

Kunkel¹,

Franklin²,

Müller‐Eberhard³

1959

J. Clin. Invest.

111

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Considerable evidence has been accumulated which indicates that a large proportion of the sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis contains a factor which has the property of agglutinating particulate bodies such as red blood cells or latex particles when they are coated with -y-globulin or antibodies. Some of these reactions have been employed as diagnostic procedures and the factor or group of factors involved has been termed the "rheumatoid factor." A number of observations (1, 2) have demonstrated that the rheumatoid factor is a y-globulin with the solubility properties of a euglobulin. More recently, ultracentrifuge experiments (3, 4) have indicated that the rheumatoid factor is a high molecular weight -y-globulin that exists in serum and plasma in the form of a complex. This complex can be visualized directly by means of the analytical ultracentrifuge in whole serum and in -y-globulin and euglobulin fractions and has a corrected sedimentation rate (s rate) of approximately 22S. Previous studies (4, 5) on the dissociation of the 22S complex by means of acid and urea have demonstrated that it is composed of two major constituents, one a 7S component and'the other 19S. The latter was found to be highly active by the serological reactions for rheumatoid factor. The rheumatoid factor thus appeared to belong to the 19S class of y-globulins which is known to include certain antibodies as well as the Waldenstrom type macroglobulins (6, 7).Considerable purification of the rheumatoid factor has been achieved by cellulose ion exchange chromatography (8,9), by elution from pneumococcus-antipneumococcus complexes (10), by elution from sensitized sheep cells (11), by ultrafiltration with membranes of graded porosity (12), and by preparative ultracentrifugation (4, 13), but isolation in sufficient amounts to determine the complete physical and chemical properties of the rheumatoid factor has not been reported. The observations that rheumatoid factor precipitated directly with y-globulin (14) which had been aggregated by the procedures of isolation or heating at 630C. for 10 minutes (3, 13) offered a method of ready concentration from large volumes of serum. Furthermore the direct visualization of rheumatoid factor in the ultracentrifuge offered a means of observing purification particularly from certain unique sera where it represented a substantial portion of the total y-globulin.In the present study rheumatoid factor has been obtained in a high state

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Isolation and Characterization of the “Rheumatoid Factor”

Kunkel¹,

Franklin²,

Müller‐Eberhard³

1959

J. Clin. Invest.

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This group consisted of the so-called hidden rheumatoid factor patients among whom normal or aggregated IgG obscured the determination of accurate IgM antiIgG concentrations in whole serum (6). It probably includes patients like those found by Ziff et a1 (17,18) in early experiments to be positive for antiIgG only in euglobulin fractions of serum. In inhibition studies, the hidden IgM RF isolated from JRA patients has specificity similar to IgM RF-plaque-forming cells in adult subjects (19,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequencies of epstein‐barr virus—inducible IgM anti‐IgG B lymphocytes in normal children and children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Fong

Miller

Moore³

et al. 1982

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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The relative frequencies of IgM antiIgG autoantibody (rheumatoid factor) producing cells induced by the polyclonal B cell activator Epstein-Barr virus were measured in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures of normal children and patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The frequencies of rheumatoid factor precursor B cells in normal children were lower than adults, but higher than neonates. The frequency increased with the age of the donor. In seronegative children with the systemic-onset or pauciarticular-onset types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the number of IgM antiIgG inducible B cells was not significantly different ( D 0 . 0 5 ) from age-matched controls. Patients with seropositive juvenile rheumatoid arthritis or seropositive adult rheumatoid arthritis had significantly higher IgM antiIgG precursor cell frequencies than age-matched normal subjects (P

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“…The bentonite flocculation test was performed according to the method of Bozicevich et al 9 The sensitized sheep-cell agglutination test was performed according to the inethud of Ziff et al 10 The direct agglutination test was performed on the euglobulin fraction of serum. Controls using unsensitized sheep cells were included to test for the adequacy of heterophile absorption.…”

Section: Serologic Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%