Agglomeration Characteristics of Various Inclusions in Al-killed Molten Steel Containing Rare Earth Element

Wang, Yeguang; Liu, Chengjun

doi:10.1007/s11663-020-01938-1

Cited by 61 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The calculation principle is referred to our previous work. 31) Base on the optimized thermodynamic model, the stability phase diagram of the Ce-Si-Al-O system can thus be calculated to predict the formation of the related inclusions. Fe-21Cr-11Ni-2Si stainless steel was chosen as the target steel.…”

Section: Optimization Of Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More details of the temperature profile and experimental procedure have been published elsewhere. 31)…”

Section: In Situ Observation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18) The stability phase regions show good agreement with the experimental data from the literature. 16,17,31,36,37) Therefore, this stability phase diagram can predict the formation of inclusions effectively. According to Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of Inclusion Particles Before Clsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to explore the agglomeration characteristics of oxide inclusions in Al deoxidized REsteel, the single type of Al 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 -Ce 2 O 3 inclusions has been already prepared and observed by CLSM in our earlier study. 31) However, as mentioned above, other types of oxide inclusions with different agglomeration behaviors can formed under different deoxidation conditions, so a systematically comparative analysis of agglomeration characteristics of various oxide inclusions, especially by using in-situ observation combined with quantitative analysis, need to be carried out in RE-Si-Al-O system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present work, a thermodynamic model is optimized to calculate the inclusion stability phase diagram of the Ce-Si-Al-O system. On this basis, two sets of laboratoryscale experiments with Si or Si/Al deoxidation followed by Ce addition, were designed to prepare samples with one single type of oxide inclusions ( 31) the calculated attractive forces were used to compare the agglomeration tendency of the various oxide inclusions. The study aims to provide theoretical guidance for improving the nozzle-clogging problem of RE-containing steel from the perspective of inclusion control under different deoxidation conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agglomeration Characteristics of Various Oxide Inclusions in Molten Steel Containing Rare Earth Element under Different Deoxidation Conditions

Wang

Liu

2021

ISIJ Int.

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Comprehensive investigation of agglomeration behavior of oxide inclusions in steel-containing rare earth (RE) under different deoxidation conditions is essential for improving the nozzle-clogging problem during continuous casting. The present study first optimized the thermodynamic model by supplementing thermodynamic data of the RE-compound to study the formation of various inclusions in the Ce-Si-Al-O system. On this basis, laboratory-scale experiments with different deoxidation conditions were designed to obtain samples containing one single type of inclusions, viz., SiO 2 , SiO 2 -Ce 2 O 3 or SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -Ce 2 O 3 , respectively. Subsequently, the agglomeration behavior of inclusions was observed in situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and the corresponding attractive forces were calculated to compare the agglomeration tendency of various inclusions. The results indicate that, in the Si deoxidized samples, SiO 2 -Ce 2 O 3 inclusions agglomerate to form clusters with the attractive force of 4.3 × 10 − 17 N to 4.2 × 10 − 15 N, which is weaker than that of Al 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 -Ce 2 O 3 inclusions after Al deoxidation. Although SiO 2 inclusions can agglomerate, their attractive force is only 6.3 × 10 − 19 N to 1.2 × 10 − 16 N, which is the weakest of the above inclusions. In the case of Si/Al complex deoxidization, spherical SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -Ce 2 O 3 liquid inclusions are formed after Ce treatment, and no agglomeration of such inclusions was observed in situ. The study could provide theoretical guidance for improving the nozzle-clogging problem of RE-containing steel from inclusion-controlling perspective under different deoxidation conditions.

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Section: Optimization Of Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More details of the temperature profile and experimental procedure have been published elsewhere. 31)…”

Section: In Situ Observation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of Inclusion Particles Before Clsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Agglomeration Characteristics of Various Oxide Inclusions in Molten Steel Containing Rare Earth Element under Different Deoxidation Conditions

Wang

Liu

2021

ISIJ Int.

Self Cite

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Refinement of Solidification Structure of H13 Steel by Rare Earth Sulfide

Bao

Cheng

Huang

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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To improve the solidification structure of H13 steel, rare earth sulfide (Ce−S) is used as the nucleation core of δ‐ferrite or γ‐austenite to refine the original austenite grain. The relationship between rare earth inclusions and grain refinement is discussed in terms of the type, distribution, size, number, and formation characteristic of rare earth inclusions. The results show that to form a large amount of Ce−S (> 35 mm−2) and inhibit the formation of rare earth oxide (Ce−O), rare earth oxysulfide (Ce−O−S), and MnS, the content of O, S, and Ce must be strictly controlled. Most Ce−S in the solidification structure is located in the original austenite grain interior, indicating that Ce−S can act as the nucleation core of δ‐ferrite or γ‐austenite. The most effective size of Ce−S as nucleation core is 1−2 μm, followed by 2−3 μm, and the Ce−S with the size larger than 3 μm has the least effect. The original austenite grain size is related to the number density of Ce−S, and the higher the number density of Ce−S, the smaller the grain size. The precipitation size of Ce−S during solidification is mostly 1−3 μm, and these Ce−S can act as the nucleation core more effectively.

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Effect of Rare‐Earth La on Inclusion Evolution in High‐Al Steel

Zhu

Zhao

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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To investigate the evolution of inclusions in high‐Al steel with addition of La, a series of laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations are performed, considering the reaction time and amount of La added. The main inclusions in the high‐Al steel without the addition of La are Al2O3, MnS, and Al2O3–MnS. The La treatment can efficiently modify Al2O3 to La–Al–O or La–O–S inclusions. For La additions less than 0.0041 wt%, the evolution route for the inclusion in high‐Al steel is Al2O3 → LaAl11O18 → LaAlO3 with an increase in reaction time. For high La additions, the evolution route for the Al2O3 inclusion is Al2O3 → LaAl11O18 → LaAlO3 → La2O2S → La2S3. The experimental results correlate with those of the thermodynamic analysis. Notably, excess La in high‐Al molten steel may consume O and S to form La oxysulfide and sulfide, respectively, which prevents the precipitation of MnS inclusion and promotes the formation of AlN inclusion during solidification.

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Agglomeration Characteristics of Various Inclusions in Al-killed Molten Steel Containing Rare Earth Element

Cited by 61 publications

References 37 publications

Agglomeration Characteristics of Various Oxide Inclusions in Molten Steel Containing Rare Earth Element under Different Deoxidation Conditions

Agglomeration Characteristics of Various Oxide Inclusions in Molten Steel Containing Rare Earth Element under Different Deoxidation Conditions

Refinement of Solidification Structure of H13 Steel by Rare Earth Sulfide

Effect of Rare‐Earth La on Inclusion Evolution in High‐Al Steel

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