Agents That Can Elicit Induced Resistance

Lyon, G. D.

doi:10.1002/9781118371848.ch2

Cited by 39 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…Typically, this inducible resistance system is controlled by phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA) [8], jasmonic acid and ethylene, leading to the coordinated accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins), the production of phytoalexins and the reinforcement of plant cell walls [3]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common early cellular responses are mechanisms of ion flux changes, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphorylation mechanisms/dephosphorylation (mitogen -activated protein kinase or MAPKKK, MAPKK and MAPK [5–7]. After these early steps, some secondary metabolic pathways are stimulated and allow the generalization of the response to the whole plant, while systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is being established [8, 9]. SAR requires systemic movement of signals from the infected tissue to healthy tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-throughput gene-expression quantification of grapevine defense responses in the field using microfluidic dynamic arrays

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe fight against grapevine diseases due to biotrophic pathogens usually requires the massive use of chemical fungicides with harmful environmental effects. An alternative strategy could be the use of compounds able to stimulate plant immune responses which significantly limit the development of pathogens in laboratory conditions. However, the efficiency of this strategy in natura is still insufficient to be included in pest management programs. To understand and to improve the mode of action of plant defense stimulators in the field, it is essential to develop reliable tools that describe the resistance status of the plant upon treatment.ResultsWe have developed a pioneering tool (“NeoViGen96” chip) based on a microfluidic dynamic array platform allowing the expression profiling of 85 defense-related grapevine genes in 90 cDNA preparations in a 4 h single run. Two defense inducers, benzothiadiazole (BTH) and fosetyl-aluminum (FOS), have been tested in natura using the “NeoViGen96” chip as well as their efficacy against downy mildew.BTH-induced grapevine resistance is accompanied by the induction of PR protein genes (PR1, PR2 and PR3), genes coding key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway (PAL and STS), a GST gene coding an enzyme involved in the redox status and an ACC gene involved in the ethylene pathway.FOS, a phosphonate known to possess a toxic activity against pathogens and an inducing effect on defense genes provided a better grapevine protection than BTH. Its mode of action was probably strictly due to its fungicide effect at high concentrations because treatment did not induce significant change in the expression level of selected defense-related genes.ConclusionsThe NeoViGen96” chip assesses the effectiveness of plant defense inducers on grapevine in vineyard with an excellent reproducibility. A single run with this system (4 h and 1,500 €), corresponds to 180 qPCR plates with conventional Q-PCR assays (Stragene system, 270 h and 9,000 €) thus a throughput 60–70 times higher and 6 times cheaper. Grapevine responses after BTH elicitation in the vineyard were similar to those obtained in laboratory conditions, whereas our results suggest that the protective effect of FOS against downy mildew in the vineyard was only due to its fungicide activity since no activity on plant defense genes was observed. This tool provides better understanding of how the grapevine replies to elicitation in its natural environment and how the elicitor potential can be used to reduce chemical fungicide inputs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3304-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput gene-expression quantification of grapevine defense responses in the field using microfluidic dynamic arrays

et al. 2016

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“…p-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) (a folate precursor) has also been effective in eliciting induced resistance (Song et al 2013). This implies a big potential for crop protection against pathogens by vitamin treatments, due to its safety and cost effectiveness (Lyon 2007). Mild abiotic stressors (light exposure, temperature, and partial drought) can enhance the vitamin content of crops, and even indirectly confer limited protection against pathogens.…”

Section: Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant amino acid-derived vitamins: biosynthesis and function

Miret

Munné‐Bosch

2013

Amino Acids

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Vitamins are essential organic compounds for humans, having lost the ability to de novo synthesize them. Hence, they represent dietary requirements, which are covered by plants as the main dietary source of most vitamins (through food or livestock's feed). Most vitamins synthesized by plants present amino acids as precursors (B1, B2, B3, B5, B7, B9 and E) and are therefore linked to plant nitrogen metabolism. Amino acids play different roles in their biosynthesis and metabolism, either incorporated into the backbone of the vitamin or as amino, sulfur or one-carbon group donors. There is a high natural variation in vitamin contents in crops and its exploitation through breeding, metabolic engineering and agronomic practices can enhance their nutritional quality. While the underlying biochemical roles of vitamins as cosubstrates or cofactors are usually common for most eukaryotes, the impact of vitamins B and E in metabolism and physiology can be quite different on plants and animals. Here, we first aim at giving an overview of the biosynthesis of amino acid-derived vitamins in plants, with a particular focus on how this knowledge can be exploited to increase vitamin contents in crops. Second, we will focus on the functions of these vitamins in both plants and animals (and humans in particular), to unravel common and specific roles for vitamins in evolutionary distant organisms, in which these amino acid-derived vitamins play, however, an essential role.

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“…It should be noted that glucans such as laminarin from brown algae commonly used as botanicals do not seem to be very effective in solanaceous species [110]. Similarly, it is at present unclear whether the PRI saccharin and its derivative probenazole can induce resistance in Solanaceae .…”

Section: Plant Resistance Inducers (Pris) In Solanaceae Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Resistance Inducers against Pathogens in Solanaceae Species—From Molecular Mechanisms to Field Application

Alexandersson

Mulugeta

Lankinen

et al. 2016

IJMS

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This review provides a current summary of plant resistance inducers (PRIs) that have been successfully used in the Solanaceae plant family to protect against pathogens by activating the plant’s own defence. Solanaceous species include many important crops such as potato and tomato. We also present findings regarding the molecular processes after application of PRIs, even if the number of such studies still remains limited in this plant family. In general, there is a lack of patterns regarding the efficiency of induced resistance (IR) both between and within solanaceous species. In many cases, a hypersensitivity-like reaction needs to form in order for the PRI to be efficient. “-Omics” studies have already given insight in the complexity of responses, and can explain some of the differences seen in efficacy of PRIs between and within species as well as towards different pathogens. Finally, examples of field applications of PRIs for solanaceous crops are presented and discussed. We predict that PRIs will play a role in future plant protection strategies in Solanaceae crops if they are combined with other means of disease control in different spatial and temporal combinations.

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Agents That Can Elicit Induced Resistance

Cited by 39 publications

References 179 publications

High-throughput gene-expression quantification of grapevine defense responses in the field using microfluidic dynamic arrays

High-throughput gene-expression quantification of grapevine defense responses in the field using microfluidic dynamic arrays

Plant amino acid-derived vitamins: biosynthesis and function

Plant Resistance Inducers against Pathogens in Solanaceae Species—From Molecular Mechanisms to Field Application

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