Agent Orange exposure and risk of death in Korean Vietnam veterans: Korean Veterans Health Study

Yi, Sang-Wook; Ryu, So Yeon; Ohrr, Heechoul; Hong, Jae-Seok

doi:10.1093/ije/dyu183

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…We identified 187,897 Vietnam War veterans during 1999–2000 with the cooperation of the Ministry of Defense and then the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs ( Yi et al, 2014 ). Among them, 20,000 veterans were selected by a simple random sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms and other risk factors predicting suicide in middle-aged men: a prospective cohort study among Korean Vietnam War veterans

Hong

2015

PeerJ

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Background. Few studies have prospectively examined whether depressive symptoms and other risk factors are associated with a higher risk of suicide death in individuals other than high-risk populations such as psychiatric patients and individuals with self-harm histories. The purpose of the study is to prospectively examine whether depressive symptoms assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) are associated with greater risk of suicide death and whether depressive symptoms and other risk factors are independent predictors of suicide in general-risk populations. Another aim is to evaluate the sensitivity of the BDI for predicting suicide death.Methods. 10,238 Korean Vietnam War veterans (mean age: 56.3 years) who participated in two surveys in 2001 were followed up for suicide mortality over 7.5 years.Results. 41 men died by suicide. Severely depressed participants had a higher adjusted hazard ratio (aHR = 3.4; 95% CI [1.5–7.7]) of suicide than non-to-moderately depressed ones. Higher suicide risk was associated with more severe depressive symptoms (p for trend = 0.009). After adjustment for depressive symptoms and other factors, very poor health, low education, and past drinking were associated with higher suicide risk, while good health, body mass index, and marital status were not associated with suicide. The sensitivity at the cut-off score of 31 for detecting suicide was higher during the earlier 3.5 years of the follow-up (75%; 95% CI [50–90]) than during the latter 4 years (60%; 95% CI [41–76]).Conclusions. Depressive symptoms are a strong independent predictor and very poor health, low education, and drinking status may be independent predictors of future suicide. The BDI may have acceptable diagnostic properties as a risk assessment tool for identifying people with depression and suicidal potential among middle-aged men.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms and other risk factors predicting suicide in middle-aged men: a prospective cohort study among Korean Vietnam War veterans

Hong

2015

PeerJ

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“…Since any misclassification of the diagnoses of death could most likely be non-differential according to SBP, potential misclassifications would not be expected to substantially overestimate the hazard ratios. Fourth, our study participants were Vietnam War veterans who have a lower mortality than that expected in the general population [ 18 ], and they had smaller BMIs than those in European-origin populations do. Thus, some of our results may not be generalizable to other populations [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Systolic Blood Pressure and Mortality From All Causes and Vascular Diseases Among Older Middle-aged Men: Korean Veterans Health Study

Yi¹,

Ohrr²

2015

J Prev Med Public Health

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Objectives:Recently, low systolic blood pressure (SBP) was found to be associated with an increased risk of death from vascular diseases in a rural elderly population in Korea. However, evidence on the association between low SBP and vascular diseases is scarce. The aim of this study was to prospectively examine the association between low SBP and mortality from all causes and vascular diseases in older middle-aged Korean men.Methods:From 2004 to 2010, 94 085 Korean Vietnam War veterans were followed-up for deaths. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. A stratified analysis was conducted by age at enrollment. SBP was self-reported by a postal survey in 2004.Results:Among the participants aged 60 and older, the lowest SBP (<90 mmHg) category had an elevated aHR for mortality from all causes (aHR, 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 3.1) and vascular diseases (International Classification of Disease, 10th revision, I00-I99; aHR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 8.4) compared to those with an SBP of 100 to 119 mmHg. Those with an SBP below 80 mmHg (aHR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.1 to 18.8) and those with an SBP of 80 to 89 mmHg (aHR, 3.1; 95% CI, 0.9 to 10.2) also had an increased risk of vascular mortality, compared to those with an SBP of 90 to 119 mmHg. This association was sustained when excluding the first two years of follow-up or preexisting vascular diseases. In men younger than 60 years, the association of low SBP was weaker than that in those aged 60 years or older.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that low SBP (<90 mmHg) may increase vascular mortality in Korean men aged 60 years or older.

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“…Quantification of cDNA was performed by the method as described previously . Briefly, the MDCK cells were seeded into 6‐well plates at 1.5 × 10 5 cells/mL concentration and maintained at 37°C with 5% CO 2 for 24 hours.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers and published reports have debated over the usage of 2,4‐D and cancer incidence in humans . In 2014, Sang‐Wook Yi and Heechoul Ohrr concluded that 2,4‐D does not result in cancer incidence on their investigations with several specific cancers …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on ROS, autophagy formation, and mRNA replication for influenza virus infection

Enkhtaivan

Pandurangan

Kim

2017

J of Molecular Recognition

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Influenza virus has had a high rate of antigenic shift and drift that causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. The lack of excellent pharmacological treatment underlines the importance of the development of the novel antiviral drugs. We investigated the anti-influenza A and B viruses of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), which is the synthetic analog to auxin and is used as a popular herbicide in the agricultural practices. 2,4-D was evaluated using a cytopathic effect reduction method; assay results showed that 2,4-D possessed strong anti-influenza A and B viruses inhibiting the formation of a visible cytopathic effect. Influenza viral RNA expression was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. 2,4-D also inhibited virus replication in the early stage of influenza virus infection without direct interaction with virus particles. Additionally, 2,4-D significantly inhibited various factors occur during influenza virus infection as the acidic vesicular formation and reactive oxygen species production. Moreover, 2,4-D represented no cytotoxicity in normal kidney cell. Therefore, these findings provide an understanding of the mechanism and efficient use of 2,4-D in pharmacological applications against influenza virus infection.

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Agent Orange exposure and risk of death in Korean Vietnam veterans: Korean Veterans Health Study

Abstract: Overall, this study suggests that AO/TCDD exposure may account for mortality from various diseases even several decades after exposure. Further research is needed to better understand the long-term effects of AO/TCDD exposure on human health.

Cited by 47 publications

References 42 publications

Depressive symptoms and other risk factors predicting suicide in middle-aged men: a prospective cohort study among Korean Vietnam War veterans

Depressive symptoms and other risk factors predicting suicide in middle-aged men: a prospective cohort study among Korean Vietnam War veterans

Low Systolic Blood Pressure and Mortality From All Causes and Vascular Diseases Among Older Middle-aged Men: Korean Veterans Health Study

Inhibitory effect of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on ROS, autophagy formation, and mRNA replication for influenza virus infection

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