Agent-Based Modelling for Security Risk Assessment

Janssen, Stef; Sharpanskykh, Alexei

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59930-4_11

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Earlier versions of the AbSRiM approach as presented in this work have been applied in previous work as well (Janssen & Sharpanskykh, ; Knol, Sharpanskykh, & Janssen, ). These works have focused on vulnerability of the security checkpoint in particular, as compared to the illustration of an entire regional airport in this work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AbSRiM: An Agent‐Based Security Risk Management Approach for Airport Operations

2019

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Security risk management is essential for ensuring effective airport operations. This article introduces AbSRiM, a novel agent‐based modeling and simulation approach to perform security risk management for airport operations that uses formal sociotechnical models that include temporal and spatial aspects. The approach contains four main steps: scope selection, agent‐based model definition, risk assessment, and risk mitigation. The approach is based on traditional security risk management methodologies, but uses agent‐based modeling and Monte Carlo simulation at its core. Agent‐based modeling is used to model threat scenarios, and Monte Carlo simulations are then performed with this model to estimate security risks.The use of the AbSRiM approach is demonstrated with an illustrative case study. This case study includes a threat scenario in which an adversary attacks an airport terminal with an improvised explosive device. The approach provides a promising way to include important elements, such as human aspects and spatiotemporal aspects, in the assessment of risk. More research is still needed to better identify the strengths and weaknesses of the AbSRiM approach in different case studies, but results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach and its potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AbSRiM: An Agent‐Based Security Risk Management Approach for Airport Operations

2019

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“…Noteworthy work in the aviation sector includes the work of Weiss et al [10], who developed an agent-based model for airport defense, and the work of Cheng et al [35] who created an agent-based model to evaluate the effect of group dynamics on passenger flow during an evacuation in an airport terminal. Moreover, Janssen et al [9] introduced a novel agent-based methodology combined with Monte Carlo simulations for security risk assessment. In that work, security agents aimed to detect forbidden items in passenger's luggage while being under constant time pressure.…”

Section: Agent-based Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agent-based models consist of a set of autonomous and intelligent agents who can perceive their environment and interact in the environment to solve problems, achieve goals or execute tasks. Agent-based models are particularly suitable to represent socio-technical systems, such as airports [9]. Considering an airport terminal environment, it allows the specification of different agents, such as airport operational employees, passengers, security officers, and an attacker agent, who are able to perceive all processes happening around them and interact with each other to achieve their individual goals.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Agent-Based Empirical Game Theory Approach for Airport Security Patrols

2020

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Airports are attractive targets for terrorists, as they are designed to accommodate and process large amounts of people, resulting in a high concentration of potential victims. A popular method to mitigate the risk of terrorist attacks is through security patrols, but resources are often limited. Game theory is commonly used as a methodology to find optimal patrol routes for security agents such that security risks are minimized. However, game-theoretic models suffer from payoff uncertainty and often rely solely on expert assessment to estimate game payoffs. Experts cannot incorporate all aspects of a terrorist attack in their assessment. For instance, attacker behavior, which contributes to the game payoff rewards, is hard to estimate precisely. To address this shortcoming, we proposed a novel empirical game theory approach in which payoffs are estimated using agent-based modeling. Using this approach, we simulated different attacker and defender strategies in an agent-based model to estimate game-theoretic payoffs, while a security game was used to find optimal security patrols. We performed a case study at a regional airport, and show that the optimal security patrol is non-deterministic and gives special emphasis to high-impact areas, such as the security checkpoint. The found security patrol routes are an improvement over previously found security strategies of the same case study.

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“…The environment is described in Section 3.1, while the two types of agents, passengers and operators, are discussed in Section 3.2. A complete description of the formal agent-based model of security checkpoint operations is provided in (Janssen & Sharpanskykh, 2017).…”

Section: Agent-based Modelling Of the Airport Security Checkpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing airport security checkpoint performance using cognitive agent models

Knol

Sharpanskykh

Janssen

2019

Journal of Air Transport Management

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Modern airports operate under high demands and pressures, and strive to satisfy many diverse, interrelated, sometimes conflicting performance goals. Airport performance areas, such as security, safety, and efficiency are usually studied separately from each other. However, operational decisions made by airport managers often impact several areas simultaneously. Current knowledge on how different performance areas are related to each other is limited. This paper contributes to filling this gap by identifying and quantifying relations and trade-offs between the detection performance of illegal items and the average queuing time at airport security checkpoints. These relations and trade-offs were analyzed by simulations with a cognitive agent model of airport security checkpoint operations. By simulation analysis a security checkpoint performance curve with three different regions was identified. Furthermore, the importance of focus on accuracy for a security operator is shown. The results of the simulation studies were related to empirical research at an existing regional airport.

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Agent-Based Modelling for Security Risk Assessment

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

AbSRiM: An Agent‐Based Security Risk Management Approach for Airport Operations

AbSRiM: An Agent‐Based Security Risk Management Approach for Airport Operations

An Agent-Based Empirical Game Theory Approach for Airport Security Patrols

Analyzing airport security checkpoint performance using cognitive agent models

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