Ageing diminishes the modulation of human brain responses to visual food cues by meal ingestion

Cheah, Yee Seun; Lee, Sarah; Ashoor, Ghalia; Nathan, Yashi; Reed, Laurence; Zelaya, Fernando; Brammer, Michael; Amiel, Stephanie A.

doi:10.1038/ijo.2013.237

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Aging suppresses the hormonal and symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia in individuals without diabetes (35). The impact of aging on CBF responses to hypoglycemia has not been studied, but age-related changes in brain vascular reactivity are likely, and an impact of aging on brain responses to other stimuli has been described (36). The most important difference, however, is likely to be the depth of hypoglycemic challenge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Disrupts Blood Flow to Brain Regions Involved in Arousal and Decision Making in Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) affects one-quarter of adults with type 1 diabetes and significantly increases the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Differences in regional brain responses to hypoglycemia may contribute to the susceptibility of this group to problematic hypoglycemia. This study investigated brain responses to hypoglycemia in hypoglycemia aware (HA) and IAH adults with type 1 diabetes, using three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL) functional MRI to measure changes in regional cerebral blood flow (CBF). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fifteen HA and 19 IAH individuals underwent 3D pCASL functional MRI during a two-step hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp. Symptom, hormone, global, and regional CBF responses to hypoglycemia (47 mg/dL [2.6 mmol/L]) were measured. RESULTS In response to hypoglycemia, total symptom score did not change in those with IAH (P 5 0.25) but rose in HA participants (P < 0.001). Epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone responses to hypoglycemia were lower in the IAH group (P < 0.05). Hypoglycemia induced a rise in global CBF (HA P 5 0.01, IAH P 5 0.04) but was not different between groups (P 5 0.99). IAH participants showed reduced regional CBF responses within the thalamus (P 5 0.002), right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (P 5 0.002), and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (P 5 0.036) and a lesser decrease of CBF in the left hippocampus (P 5 0.023) compared with the HA group. Thalamic and right lateral OFC differences survived Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSIONS Responses to hypoglycemia of brain regions involved in arousal, decision making, and reward are altered in IAH. Changes in these pathways may disrupt IAH individuals' ability to recognize hypoglycemia, impairing their capacity to manage hypoglycemia effectively and benefit fully from conventional therapeutic pathways to restore awareness.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Disrupts Blood Flow to Brain Regions Involved in Arousal and Decision Making in Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our participants were matched well for age, diabetes duration and diabetes control but imperfectly for BMI. Obesity alters brain responses to food and food cues, including the responses of some frontal regions described as different in their response to hypoglycaemia here [ 47 ]. However, none of our participants was obese, so it is unlikely our observed differences in response to hypoglycaemia were related to this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of hypoglycaemia awareness status on regional brain responses to acute hypoglycaemia in men with type 1 diabetes

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis Impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH) in type 1 diabetes increases the risk of severe hypoglycaemia sixfold and can be resistant to intervention. We explored the impact of IAH on central responses to hypoglycaemia to investigate the mechanisms underlying barriers to therapeutic intervention. Methods We conducted [15 O]water positron emission tomography studies of regional brain perfusion during euglycaemia (target 5 mmol/l), hypoglycaemia (achieved level, 2.4 mmol/l) and recovery (target 5 mmol/l) in 17 men with type 1 diabetes: eight with IAH, and nine with intact hypoglycaemia awareness (HA). Results Hypoglycaemia with HA was associated with increased activation in brain regions including the thalamus, insula, globus pallidus (GP), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbital cortex, dorsolateral frontal (DLF) cortex, angular gyrus and amygdala; deactivation occurred in the temporal and parahippocampal regions. IAH was associated with reduced catecholamine and symptom responses to hypoglycaemia vs HA (incremental AUC: autonomic scores, 26.2 ± 35.5 vs 422.7 ± 237.1; neuroglycopenic scores, 34.8 ± 88.8 vs 478.9 ± 311.1; both p < 0.002). There were subtle differences (p < 0.005, k ≥ 50 voxels) in brain activation at hypoglycaemia, including early differences in the right central operculum, bilateral medial orbital (MO) cortex, and left posterior DLF cortex, with additional differences in the ACC, right GP and post-and pre-central gyri in established hypoglycaemia, and lack of deactivation in temporal regions in established hypoglycaemia. Conclusions/interpretation Differences in activation in the post-and pre-central gyri may be expected in people with reduced subjective responses to hypoglycaemia. Alterations in the activity of regions involved in the drive to eat (operculum), emotional salience (MO cortex), aversion (GP) and recall (temporal) suggest differences in the perceived importance and urgency of responses to hypoglycaemia in IAH compared with HA, which may be key to the persistence of the condition.

show abstract

“…The majority of reviewed articles studied adult female participants exclusively, potentially limiting the generalizability of the study findings to other population groups. Finally, the broad age range of the study participants could be a potential limitation of the review, with previous studies showing age-related changes in neural activity including reduced sensitivity of brain areas associated with satiety ( 109 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Responses to Visual Food Cues According to Weight Status: A Systematic Review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies

Pursey

Stanwell²,

Callister³

et al. 2014

Front. Nutr.

190

180

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emerging evidence from recent neuroimaging studies suggests that specific food-related behaviors contribute to the development of obesity. The aim of this review was to report the neural responses to visual food cues, as assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in humans of differing weight status. Published studies to 2014 were retrieved and included if they used visual food cues, studied humans >18 years old, reported weight status, and included fMRI outcomes. Sixty studies were identified that investigated the neural responses of healthy weight participants (n = 26), healthy weight compared to obese participants (n = 17), and weight-loss interventions (n = 12). High-calorie food images were used in the majority of studies (n = 36), however, image selection justification was only provided in 19 studies. Obese individuals had increased activation of reward-related brain areas including the insula and orbitofrontal cortex in response to visual food cues compared to healthy weight individuals, and this was particularly evident in response to energy dense cues. Additionally, obese individuals were more responsive to food images when satiated. Meta-analysis of changes in neural activation post-weight loss revealed small areas of convergence across studies in brain areas related to emotion, memory, and learning, including the cingulate gyrus, lentiform nucleus, and precuneus. Differential activation patterns to visual food cues were observed between obese, healthy weight, and weight-loss populations. Future studies require standardization of nutrition variables and fMRI outcomes to enable more direct comparisons between studies.

show abstract

Ageing diminishes the modulation of human brain responses to visual food cues by meal ingestion

Cited by 19 publications

References 52 publications

Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Disrupts Blood Flow to Brain Regions Involved in Arousal and Decision Making in Type 1 Diabetes

Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Disrupts Blood Flow to Brain Regions Involved in Arousal and Decision Making in Type 1 Diabetes

The impact of hypoglycaemia awareness status on regional brain responses to acute hypoglycaemia in men with type 1 diabetes

Neural Responses to Visual Food Cues According to Weight Status: A Systematic Review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About