Ageing and multisensory integration: A review of the evidence, and a computational perspective

Jones, Samuel Arthur; Noppeney, Uta

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2021.02.001

Cited by 38 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 208 publications

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“…Age seemingly affects multisensory processing and the processing of each single sensory modality. Compared to young adults, older adults exhibit a greater influence of multisensory presentation over unisensory presentation, for example, in stimulus detection tasks 9 , 10 , maybe due to degradation of each sensory modality, slowness of processing speed, attentional deficits, increased levels of internal noise, and so on. Regarding the perceived position of body parts, however, most studies using rubber hand illusions show no or little effect of age 11 – 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in visuo-proprioceptive processing in perceived body position

Teramoto

2022

Sci Rep

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This study investigated age-related change in visuo-proprioceptive processing in the perceived body position using mirror hand/foot illusions, focusing on its temporal characteristics, its dependency on body parts, and its association with older adults’ fall risk. Either immediately or 15 s after the exposure to the mirror-induced inconsistency of visuo-proprioceptive signals regarding the right hand or foot position, participants performed a reaching task using the unseen, illusion-affected hand or foot. Results showed clear age group differences. Specifically, older adults exhibited larger reaching errors than younger adults in the hand condition, and after the 15 s delay in the foot condition. Further, the reaching errors were constant across time for older adults but decreased after the delay in young adults, regardless of the tested body part. Particularly, older adults’ risk of falling, which was assessed by the timed up-and-go test, was negatively correlated with the reduction of reaching error across time. This suggests that older adults, especially those with a high risk of falling, face difficulties in appropriately processing visual and proprioceptive information for body perception in accordance with their external environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in visuo-proprioceptive processing in perceived body position

Teramoto

2022

Sci Rep

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“…Multisensory integration in development, aging and diseases is an important theme in mammalian studies. The loss of multisensory integration is also an indicator of neural function regression in the elderly population [ 104 , 105 , 106 ]. In the past, most studies in C. elegans neurobiology utilized young adults to avoid confounding from development and frailty in the elderly.…”

Section: Multisensory Integration In Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisensory Integration in Caenorhabditis elegans in Comparison to Mammals

Xue

Chen

2022

Brain Sciences

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Multisensory integration refers to sensory inputs from different sensory modalities being processed simultaneously to produce a unitary output. Surrounded by stimuli from multiple modalities, animals utilize multisensory integration to form a coherent and robust representation of the complex environment. Even though multisensory integration is fundamentally essential for animal life, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, especially at the molecular, synaptic and circuit levels, remains poorly understood. The study of sensory perception in Caenorhabditis elegans has begun to fill this gap. We have gained a considerable amount of insight into the general principles of sensory neurobiology owing to C. elegans’ highly sensitive perceptions, relatively simple nervous system, ample genetic tools and completely mapped neural connectome. Many interesting paradigms of multisensory integration have been characterized in C. elegans, for which input convergence occurs at the sensory neuron or the interneuron level. In this narrative review, we describe some representative cases of multisensory integration in C. elegans, summarize the underlying mechanisms and compare them with those in mammalian systems. Despite the differences, we believe C. elegans is able to provide unique insights into how processing and integrating multisensory inputs can generate flexible and adaptive behaviors. With the emergence of whole brain imaging, the ability of C. elegans to monitor nearly the entire nervous system may be crucial for understanding the function of the brain as a whole.

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“…Older adults are more susceptible to multisensory illusions, such as the sound-induced flash illusion and the McGurk illusion, suggesting that they are more inclined to use multimodal information and show stronger multimodal integration than young adults (for reviews, see Refs. 10,11 ). During audiovisual speech perception, the contribution of auditory and visual information is weighted according to their reliability 37 .…”

Section: Correlations Among Bold Activities Neural Alignment-to-young...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When processing audiovisual stimuli, older adults tend to maximize the use of multimodal information to compensate the declined unimodal perception (for reviews, see Refs. 10,11 ). This strategy might be amplified by older musicians, due to their advantage in multisensory integration as a result of intensive multimodal (auditory, visual, motor) engagement in musical training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musical expertise enhances neural alignment-to-young in sensorimotor regions that predicts older adults’ audiovisual speech-in-noise perception

Zhang

Wang

2022

Preprint

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Musical training can offset age-related decline in speech-in-noise perception. However, how lifelong musical expertise affects the functional reorganization of older brain in speech-in-noise perception has not yet been systematically investigated. Here, we address this issue by analyzing fMRI responses of older musicians, older non-musicians and, young non-musicians identifying noise-masked audiovisual syllables. First, we confirmed that older musicians outperformed older non-musicians and even equaled young non-musicians. Then, we showed that both older groups showed decreased auditory activation and increased visual activation compared to young non-musicians, while older musicians showed higher activation in speech motor regions and greater deactivation of default mode network (DMN) regions than older non-musicians. Next, we revealed that musical expertise counteracted the age-related neural dedifferentiation of speech representation, making older musicians exhibit higher neural alignment-to-young in bilateral sensorimotor areas. Finally, we disentangled that greater activation in speech motor areas and stronger deactivation in DMN regions were correlated with higher neural alignment in sensorimotor areas, which strongly predicted better performance in older adults. Together, long-term musical expertise mitigates age-related deficits in audiovisual speech-in-noise processing through enhanced compensatory scaffolding that reserves youth-like representation in sensorimotor areas. Our findings provide a comprehensive perspective on understanding age- and experience-related brain reorganization during speech perception.

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Ageing and multisensory integration: A review of the evidence, and a computational perspective

Cited by 38 publications

References 208 publications

Age-related changes in visuo-proprioceptive processing in perceived body position

Age-related changes in visuo-proprioceptive processing in perceived body position

Multisensory Integration in Caenorhabditis elegans in Comparison to Mammals

Musical expertise enhances neural alignment-to-young in sensorimotor regions that predicts older adults’ audiovisual speech-in-noise perception

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