Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Tables of the Lady Beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Feeding on Different Aphid Species

Farooq, Muhammad; Shakeel, Muhammad; Iftikhar, Ayesha; Shahid, Muhammad Rafiq; Zhu, Xun

doi:10.1093/jee/toy012

Cited by 21 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The results of present study revealed that statistically maximum male and female longevity was recorded on D. noxia while minimum longevity was recorded on L. erysimi . These results contrary with the study conducted on C. septempunctata that the adult longevity was maximum on L. erysimi than other aphid species (24, 38). In current study, highest fecundity was recorded on D. noxia .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In current study, highest fecundity was recorded on D. noxia . These results contrary with the study carried out on C. septempunctata where the maximum fecundity was reported on M. persicae (24, 39). There is a relation among predator longevity and fecundity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Results showed that on comparison between L. erysimi and M. persicae , the maximum male longevity was recorded on L. erysimi while minimum was recorded on M. persicae . These results correlate with the study (24, 37) where C. septempunctata males exhibited maximum longevity on L. erysimi as compared to M. persicae . While in case of female, maximum longevity was recorded on M. persicae as compared to L. erysimi , this contradict with the result of C. septempunctata female population which showed maximum longevity on L. erysimi then M. persicae .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…After 4 th instar larvae convert into the pupal stage and then into the adult stage. Duration of All stages (larvae pupae and adult) were recorded 12-h interval (20, 21, 24). Adult male and female were paired in plastic jars (9 × 6 cm) for mating, egg laying and to check the male and female longevity, reproductive behavior and female oviposition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult male and female were paired in plastic jars (9 × 6 cm) for mating, egg laying and to check the male and female longevity, reproductive behavior and female oviposition. Similarly, male and female were kept separately to check the predation rate and observe the fecundity and survival rate of both sexes were recorded after 24-h until death (24, 25). The software TWOSEX-MS Chart (26) was use to check the egg to adult development duration, fecundity, adult preoviposition period, oviposition period, post oviposition period and age two sex life cycle (27, 28).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table of the Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) Feeding on Different Aphid Species

Abbas

Zaib

Zakria

et al. 2020

Preprint

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14Ladybird beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is biological 15 control agent that predate the different aphid species. Both adults and larval stage of M. 16 45 Poaceae plants (7). The D. noxia, inject toxin into plants while feeding which causes failure to 3 46 unrolling and white streaking of plant leaves. Yield loss had been estimated up to 80 to 100% 47 under heavy attack of D. noxia, in wheat crop (8). The A. nerii, feeds on plants of Apocynaceae 48 and Asclepiadaceae families (9) and also had been reported on wheat and Brassica in Pakistan 49 (10). The A. nerii, is an obligate parthenogen, and a sequester of toxic chemicals (cardenolides) 50 which act as defensive mechanism against its natural enemies (11). Indeed, unjudicious pesticides 51 use increased ability of pests to survive against pesticides and residues level in crops final produce 52 ((12) (13) and these factors urge to use alternative methods (e.g. biological control) to reduce aphid 53 populations which are environmental friendly and risk free for human health. 54 Natural enemies (predators, parasitoids and entomopathogens) used to control aphids population 55 in biological control (14). Natural enemies are the basic components of insect pest supervision. 56 Practically 90% of natural pests are controlled by natural enemies (15). Ladybirds are potent 57 predators of various small herbivorous insects such as aphids (16). The Ladybird beetle, 58 Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fab.), is distributed in Pakistan, India and other south Asian countries 59 (17). The adults of M. sexmaculatus are yellow bright in color and having black zigzag lines. Some 60 preys are toxic to predators because they feed on toxic plant and ultimately affects food quality for 61 predators (18). Few studies have been done on biological aspect of M. sexmaculatus against 62 different aphid species. However, there is a need for detail study of survival and reproduction of 63 M. sexmaculatus on aphid species to evaluate suitable prey and alternate prey species. It is 64 important to know demographic aspects including stage differentiation and predation rate of 65 predators for mass rearing of predators and true implication into biological control of pests (19).66Therefore, life table was studied to know the development and reproduction of predators against 67 pests. However, age-stage two-sex life table provides more detail of biological aspects including 68 stage differentiation than traditional life tables (19). Therefore, present study used age-stage two-4 69 sex life table for complete understanding of M. sexmaculatus biological aspects against different 70 aphid species. This study will help us to improve mass rearing and use of M. sexmaculatus in 71 biological control of aphids. 72 Material and Methods 73 Rearing of Aphids 74 Four aphid species (A. nerii M. persicae, D. noxia and L. erysimi) were collected from their hosts 75 from agricultural fields (latitude 30°15'29.9"N, longitude 71°30'54.6"E) of Faculty of Agricultural 76 Sciences ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%