Age, Sleep Deprivation, and Performance

Webb, Wilse B.; Levy, C. Michael

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1982.tb02561.x

Cited by 68 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A greater deterioration in cognitive performance induced by sleep deprivation in the aging has been suggested (Webb and Levy, 1982). So far, the effect of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance has mostly been studied in men (ie De Gennaro et al, 2001;Thomas et al, 2000) and therefore, also the effect of aging on cognitive performances during sleep deprivation is unclear in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone Treatment Gives No Benefit Against Cognitive Changes Caused by Acute Sleep Deprivation in Postmenopausal Women

Karakorpi

Alhola

Urrila

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The objective was to evaluate whether hormone therapy (HT) gives any benefit against the possible impairment of cognitive performance when challenged by acute sleep deprivation. Twenty postmenopausal women volunteered (age range 59-72 years, mean ¼ 64.4 years, SD ¼ 4.4): 10 HT users and 10 nonusers. Eleven young women served as a control group for the cognitive age effect (age range 20-26 years, mean age 23.1 years, SD ¼ 1.6). The subjects spent four consecutive nights at the sleep laboratory and were exposed to acute sleep deprivation of 40 h. Measures of attention (reaction speed and vigilance), alertness, and mood were administered every 2 h during the daytime and every hour during the sleep deprivation night. Postmenopausal women performed slower than young controls, whereas young controls made more errors. In HT users, the recovery night did not fully restore the performance in the simple and two-choice reaction time tasks, but in nonusers it did so. Sleep deprivation had a detrimental, yet reversible effect on vigilance in all groups. In all groups, sleepiness started to increase after 15 h of sleep deprivation and remained elevated in the morning after the recovery night. Prolonged wakefulness or HT had no effect on mood. In conclusion, sleep deprivation impaired cognitive performance in postmenopausal as well as young women. Postmenopausal women kept up their performance at the expense of reaction speed and young women at the expense of accuracy. One night was not enough for HT users to recover from sleep deprivation. Thus, HT gave no benefit in maintaining the attention and alertness during sleep deprivation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone Treatment Gives No Benefit Against Cognitive Changes Caused by Acute Sleep Deprivation in Postmenopausal Women

Karakorpi

Alhola

Urrila

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…[28] It leads to impaired cognitive and psychomotor skills, utilizes health-care resources, impacts daytime productivity, and causes higher motor vehicle crashes. [29] As PSG is time-consuming and costly, effective preclinical diagnostic procedures are needed. Knowledge as to which disorders could cause sleep disturbances and which diseases present initially as a sleep disorder would be helpful in managing the participants and in reducing the costs of diagnostic procedures and treatment by improving the diagnostic rationale.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of sleep in hypothyroid patients with normal controls

Sivaprakasam¹,

Ramamoorthy²

2017

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol

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Background: Sleep -A complex amalgam of behavioral and electrophysiological process is maintained by organized interaction between neurons, neural circuits, and neurotransmitters. Hypothyroidism is the inadequate secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism, the 2 nd common endocrine disorder, is often accompanied by complaints of daytime fatigue. This chronic fatigue should be managed as it may result in impaired attention with adverse consequences in the classroom, workplace, not to forget the highways. Aims and Objectives: The primary focus of the present study is to evaluate sleep cycle in newly diagnosed overt hypothyroid patients to investigate if this fatigue is the consequence of sleep disorder. Materials and Method: A total of 30 hypothyroid patients of both sexes underwent polysomnography to assess sleep based on bioelectric potentials -electroencephalogram, electromyogram, and electrooculogram. The results were compared with age-and sex-matched euthyroid controls. Results: Hypothyroid patients showed significant changes in sleep stages when compared with normal euthyroid controls. Although their total sleep time was not significantly altered, Stage I and Stage II sleep was significantly increased (P < 0.001) while deep sleep and rapid eye movement sleep were reduced. Conclusion: This research proves that early diagnosis of hypothyroidism and management guarantees an improvement in sleep quality and productivity in life.

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“…Again, the tests sensitive to deprivation were those involving attention and persistence in performance and the subjective measures, whereas the cognitive tests were less sensitive as a group. Webb and Levy's (1982) conclusions were as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sleep Deprivation, Age, and Performance Experiment 2 (Webb & Levy, 1982) was concerned with the effect of age on performance associated with sleep deprivation. The performance of 6 younger subjects (18-22 years) was compared with that of 10 older subjects (40-49 years).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments on extended performance: Repetition, age, and limited sleep periods

Webb

1985

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

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Four experiments on the effects on performance of extended time periods without sleep and on the effects of limited sleep, that is, naps, within such periods are reviewed. The performance measures included subjective measures and measures of performance on attention/persistence, continuous-production, precision, and cognitive tasks. Repeated periods of sleep deprivation did not result in decreased effects: Older subjects tended to be more vulnerable to sleep-loss decrements, and three different schedules of 4 h of sleep within a 60-h sleep-deprivation period had limited differential ameliorative effects. This is a report on a series of experiments on performance during extended time periods without sleep and time periods with limited sleep, or naps. There was an operational orientation in the selection of the variables studied, the measures used, and the analyses conducted.One experiment assessed the effect of repeated spaced periods of sleep as a potential for reducing performance decrements during sustained operations. Two experiments were concerned with the effect of age on sustained performance. A set of three different schedules of interjected periods of limited sleep, or naps, was used to study their potential as ameliorative resources within extended periods of performance without sleep.An extensive battery of measures was used to assess a wide range of operationally relevant performances. These included subjective measures and measures of performance on short-and long-term monitoring tasks and continuous-production tasks. A particular effort was made to develop cognitive tasks that would simulate those that might be required of command-level (hence, older) personnel.Analyses focused on the maximum effects to be anticipated rather than on the measurement of the course-ofperformance changes.This report includes a description of the methodologies used and summarizes the effects of repeated sleep loss (Experiment 1) and age (Experiments 2 and 3) that have been reported elsewhere. It also presents preliminary analyses (Experiment 4) on the effects of performance of three schedules of short periods of sleep (4 h) within extended periods without sleep (60 h). METHODOLOGYA central overall consideration and several specific ones 27shaped the design, measures, and analyses of these experiments. The central concern was the extent of operational performance decrements associated with sustained operations. The specific issues were: (1) effects on military command-level personnel, who are likely to be older and involved in cognitively demanding tasks, and (2) optimum use of some limited sleep time within continuous operations.The primary concern, that is, performance during sustained operations, dictated an extensive performance regimen. This was met by programming the presentation and data collection on a video display computer system. The tasks were administered by a Terak 8510/a microcomputer system, which incorporates a DEC LSI-U/2 microprocessor. The system controlled each of the two video terminals used to pres...

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Age, Sleep Deprivation, and Performance

Abstract: Men 18–22 and 40–49 yrs old were repeatedly given a battery of monitoring, persistence, and cognitive tasks over an extended period of sleep deprivation. The older subjects, who generally exhibited superior performance, were also more affected by the acute deprivation of sleep.

Cited by 68 publications

References 8 publications

Hormone Treatment Gives No Benefit Against Cognitive Changes Caused by Acute Sleep Deprivation in Postmenopausal Women

Hormone Treatment Gives No Benefit Against Cognitive Changes Caused by Acute Sleep Deprivation in Postmenopausal Women

Comparison of sleep in hypothyroid patients with normal controls

Experiments on extended performance: Repetition, age, and limited sleep periods

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