Age, Sex, Race, Ethnicity, Sexual Orientation: Intersectionality of Marginalized-Group Identities and Enacted HIV-Related Stigma Among People Living with HIV in Florida

Algarin, Angel B.; Zhou, Zehong; Cook, Christa; Cook, Robert L.; Ibáñez, Gladys

doi:10.1007/s10461-019-02629-y

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A study similar to ours by Algarin et al, revealed that enacted, or personalized stigma, is a prevalent issue in Florida, especially among women and non-white Latinos [41]. A limitation of this study is that the investigators only assessed enacted stigma [41]. Yet, it has been established that PLWH may experience different dimensions of stigma (i.e., negative self-image, personalized, and anticipated) [42].…”

Section: Personalized Stigmamentioning

confidence: 70%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The relationship between individual characteristics and HIV-related stigma in adults living with HIV: medical monitoring project, Florida, 2015–2016

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disproportionately affects the Southern United States, accounting for approximately 46% of people living with HIV. HIV-related stigma is recognized as a barrier to testing, treatment, and prevention efforts. However, little is known about HIV-related stigma experiences in Florida. Using data collected from the Florida Medical Monitoring Project, we sought to examine individual characteristics associated with HIV-related stigma. Methods: We analyzed secondary data from the 2015-2016 Medical Monitoring Project in Florida (n = 603). Stigma was measured using the 10-item HIV Stigma Scale. Exploratory factor analysis of the HIV Stigma Scale revealed three subscales: negative self-image, anticipated, and personalized stigma. Bivariate and multivariate regression models were used to determine the individual characteristics associated with the HIV Stigma Scale. Results: Multivariate analysis indicated that people with severe depression scores (OR: 3.13; CI: 1.38-7.13) and persons with disability (OR: 1.64; CI: 1.03-2.61) had significantly increased odds of higher overall stigma. In the subscale analyses, negative self-image was significantly associated with alcohol misuse (OR: 2.02; CI: 1.15-3.56) depression (OR: 2.81; CI: 1.38-5.72) and/or those who identify as homosexual (OR: 0.54; CI: 0.31-0.93). Anticipated stigma was significantly associated with people who had mild-moderate depression (OR: 3.03; CI: 1.20-7.65), severe depression (OR: 2.87; CI: 1.38-5.98), identified as Black (OR: 0.60; CI: 0.37-0.98), non-injection drug use (OR: 0.55; CI: 0.33-0.91), and/or people aged 50 years and older (OR: 0.28; CI: 0.09-0.82). Personalized stigma was not associated with any of the variables examined. Conclusions: The implications of these findings reveal that certain individuals are more vulnerable to stigma. Researchers could consider distinct stigma interventions strategies based on the characteristics of specific individuals (i.e., targeting depression, disability, sexual orientation, avoidant coping, racial/ethnic groups, and youth) in Florida.

show abstract

Section: Personalized Stigmamentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Personalized Stigmamentioning

confidence: 75%

The relationship between individual characteristics and HIV-related stigma in adults living with HIV: medical monitoring project, Florida, 2015–2016

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consistent with a previous research on the relationship between HIV-related stigma, unsafe sexual behaviors and preventive practices [37], stigmatizing attitude towards PLWH were positively associated with unsafe sexual behaviors (including having multiple sexual partners, causal sex, and failing to use condoms consistently) and were negatively associated with willingness to utilize HTC service. One possible explanation for this finding is that those who had ever engaged in unsafe sex [37] and accepted HIV testing [38] are stigmatized because of their association with the gay community [35, 37] and face strong social pressure. Our data also indicated that non- heterosexuals and those who had ever been tested for HIV were more likely to perceive stigma in their community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, eleven factors (See Fig. 1), including five social-demographic characteristics {gender [19], residential areas [19], major [24], age [35], and sexual orientation [35]}, HIV-related knowledge [19], awareness of the national AIDS policy [36], risky sexual behaviors [37], three preventive practices [37] such as having ever being tested for HIV [38], willingness to utilize HIV testing and counselling (HTC) service [37] and perception of HIV risk [36], have previously been studied as correlates of HIV-related stigma. However, these studies usually used bivariate analyses that did not take into account the effects of potential confounders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Chinese version of Zelaya’s HIV-related stigma scale to undergraduates in mainland China

Ruan

Zhou

et al. 2019

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThis cross-sectional study aims to validate the Chinese version of Zelaya’s HIV-related Stigma Scale (CVZHSS) among a large undergraduate sample in mainland China, and apply it to measure the level of different dimensions of stigma and their respective determinants.MethodsFrom September 10, 2018, to January 9, 2019, a total of 10,665 eligible undergraduates conveniently drawn from 30 provinces in mainland China (except for Tibet) completed the self-designed online questionnaire distributed via sojump.com voluntarily, anonymously and confidentially. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) were first performed to test its construct validity, Cronbach’s alpha was then used to assess its internal consistency, and Logistic regression analyses were finally carried out to identify predictors of various dimensions of stigma.ResultsAs expected from the original model, four factors (i.e., “fear of casual transmission”, “moral judgment”, “personal stigma” and “perceived community stigma”) were extracted using principal component analysis with varimax rotation, accounting for 63.26% of the total variance. The CFA further confirmed the four-factor construct (CFI = 0.92, GFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.07). In addition, all the four factors demonstrated acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.83 to 0.92. Stigma as measured by “fear of casual transmission” (74.4%), “moral judgement” (61.6%), “personal stigma” (79.0%) and “perceived community stigma”(36.5%) is highly prevalent among undergraduates. Except for non-freshmen, less knowledge about HIV and unsafe sex which were consistently associated with higher levels of stigma in all four dimensions, other eight variables including gender, residential area, major, sexual orientation, having ever being tested perception of HIV risk, willingness to utilize HTC service and awareness of the national AIDS policy played differential roles in affecting different dimensions of stigma.ConclusionsThe CVZHSS is a reliable and valid measurement tool and can be used to identify undergraduates with high levels of stigma. However, the four dimensions (Fear, moral judgement, personal stigma and perceived community stigma) were respectively influenced by different determinants, and thus should be treated independently when designing, implementing and evaluating stigma reduction programs.

show abstract

“…Use of an intersectional framework in HIV-related research is a developing field, and its quantitative application to understanding how multiple social identities influence uptake of HIV-related programming is under explored. Quantitatively, intersectionality has been utilized to help explain the experience of different types of stigma [65][66][67][68] and HIV testing [69]. Intersectionality framework has been used most frequently in qualitative studies with regards to HIV and has examined experiences related to stigma [70], PrEP usage [71], and access to care [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Technology Fit Among People with HIV Based on Intersections of Race, Sex, and Sexual Behavior: An Equitable Approach to Analyzing Differences Across Multiple Social Identities

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HIV disproportionately impacts individuals based on intersecting categories (e.g. gender, race/ethnicity, behavior), with groups most at-risk deemed priority populations. Using weighted effects coding to account for differential group sizes, this study used multilevel mixed logistic models to investigate differences in eHealth use and willingness to use eHealth for HIVrelated information among priority populations. Compared to the sample average, Black men who had sex with women were less likely to use all technologies except cellphones with text-messaging and less likely to be willing to use computers and tablets. White and Hispanic men who had sex with men were more likely to use all technologies. No significant differences existed for use or willingness to use cellphones with text-messaging. Future research should consider approaches used here to account for equity and multiple intersecting social identities; practitioners may use these findings or similar local data to ensure fit between eHealth programs and priority populations.

show abstract

Age, Sex, Race, Ethnicity, Sexual Orientation: Intersectionality of Marginalized-Group Identities and Enacted HIV-Related Stigma Among People Living with HIV in Florida

Cited by 49 publications

References 39 publications

The relationship between individual characteristics and HIV-related stigma in adults living with HIV: medical monitoring project, Florida, 2015–2016

The relationship between individual characteristics and HIV-related stigma in adults living with HIV: medical monitoring project, Florida, 2015–2016

Application of the Chinese version of Zelaya’s HIV-related stigma scale to undergraduates in mainland China

Understanding Technology Fit Among People with HIV Based on Intersections of Race, Sex, and Sexual Behavior: An Equitable Approach to Analyzing Differences Across Multiple Social Identities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About