Age, sex, and region adjusted concentrations of chromium and nickel in lung tissue.

Kollmeier, H.; Seemann, J.; Rothe, G; Müller, Klaus; Wittig, Peter

doi:10.1136/oem.47.10.682

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Cigarette smoking might increase the pulmonary levels of these metals through the inhalation of metals contained in cigarette smoke, through a reduction in mucociliary clearance and in the function of macrophages in the lungs, and by causing emphysema (PaÈ aÈ kkoÈ et al 1989). Although the in¯uence of smoking on pulmonary Cd and Cr contents has been well established (Lewis et al 1972;Baumgardt et al 1986;PaÈ aÈ kkoÈ et al 1989;Kollmeier et al 1990a,b), its eect on pulmonary Ni and Pb contents remains a matter of controversy (Zielhuis et al 1977;Kollmeier et al 1985Kollmeier et al , 1990a. Nonetheless, the present results suggest that smoking might to some extent be responsible for the pulmonary Ni and Pb content.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

“…Hence, quantitative analysis of metal concentrations in the lung has gained increasing importance in the determination of any causal relationship between exposure to hazardous pollutants and late noxious eects. However, it is not easy to interpret the analytic results because they are in¯uenced by a number of variables, such as smoking habits, occupational history, place of residence, concomitant pulmonary diseases, age, gender, anthropometrical size, and hobbies (Raithel et al 1987;Rezuke et al 1987;Kollmeier et al 1990a). In addition, for avoidance of contamination, the appropriate method of analysis must be chosen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary metal distribution in urban dwellers

Tsuchiyama

Hisanaga²,

Shibata

et al. 1997

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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To clarify the factors influencing the concentrations and distribution of metal elements in the lung, we analyzed the following 8 metals in the 5 lung lobes of 17 autopsied urban dwellers by flame or flameless atomic absorption spectrometry: aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and Zinc (Zn). The arithmetic mean value (in micrograms of metal per gram of dry weight) calculated for five lobar metal concentrations in each subject ranged from 80 to 681 for Al, from 0.34 to 3.41 for Cd, from 0.41 to 12.7 for Cr, from 0.22 to 1.93 for Ni, from 0.15 to 1.47 for Pb, from 0.64 to 2.36 for Mn, from 2.84 to 7.24 for Cu, and from 40.7 to 77.6 for Zn. The eight metals were classifiable into two groups on the basis of the interindividual and interlobar concentration variations. The first group, consisting of Cu and Zn, was characterized by smaller interindividual variations (co-efficient of variation, CV < 30%) and smaller inter lobar variations (mean CV < 15%). Their levels were not affected significantly by sex, smoking habits, or possible occupational exposure to metal-containing dust. In contrast, the second group, consisting of Al, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Mn, exhibited larger interindividual variations (CV > 45%) and larger interlobar variations (mean CV > 25%). Concentrations of these metals, except for Cd, tended to be higher in the upper lobes than in the lower lobes. The concentrations of Al and Cr were significantly higher in men than in women. Smoking significantly elevated the levels of Cr, Cd, Ni, and Pb, and the concentrations of Al, Cr, Ni, and Mn were higher in subjects with possible occupational exposure to metal-containing dust than in those without such exposure. However, the interlobar distribution patterns of the metals did not seem to be influenced by sex, smoking habits, or occupational exposure to metal-containing dust.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary metal distribution in urban dwellers

Tsuchiyama

Hisanaga²,

Shibata

et al. 1997

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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“…Thus, contamination from these sources can be ruled out (34). Metal concentrations differ according to the region of the lung (35)(36)(37) and, although it is assumed that more 1980s samples with higher levels of metals were included, the magnitude of differences noted between both periods of time under study cannot be explained solely by sampling bias. A possible explanation is the increase of air pollution Environmental Health Perspectives * Volume 104, Number 6, June 1996 Articles -Fortoul et al levels due to the increase of vehicles and the growing number of industries in Mexico City.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals in lung tissue from autopsy cases in Mexico City residents: comparison of cases from the 1950s and the 1980s.

Fortoul¹,

Osorio²,

Tovar³

et al. 1996

Environ Health Perspect

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In autopsies performed on residents of Mexico City during the 1950s and 1980s (45 males and 24 females and 42 males and 42 females, respectively), concentrations of cadmium, copper, cobalt, nickel, and lead in the lungs were studied by atomic absorption spectrometry. Sharp increases were noted in samples taken in the 1980s compared to those from the 1950s. In samples from both time periods, the concentrations were influenced by gender. Smoking was not associated with higher levels of the metals. Only lead seemed to have a relation with age. The enormous differences by gender in the 1950s could be due to different patterns of exposure. The differences among samples from both periods appear to be associated with the increase of air pollutants in the metropolitan areas of Mexico City during the years under study. These results reinforce the importance of studying lung tissue to monitor air pollution by metals.

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“…In addition, the environmental airborne nickel concentration and the geographical site where people live also affect lung nickel content (27,28). For example, Kollmeier et al (27) found that the nickel lung content in 87 subjects from the Ruhr district in Germany, which was considered a particularly polluted area with locally high nickel emission, was 2.8 times higher than that in 23 cases from Munster with relatively less air pollution (0.…”

Section: Accumulation Of Nickel In Human Lungsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Kollmeier et al (27) found that the nickel lung content in 87 subjects from the Ruhr district in Germany, which was considered a particularly polluted area with locally high nickel emission, was 2.8 times higher than that in 23 cases from Munster with relatively less air pollution (0. 65 ± 0.94 1g Ni/g dry lung weight to 0.17 ± 0.11 pg Ni/g dry lung weight).…”

Section: Accumulation Of Nickel In Human Lungsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and occupational lung cancer.

Shen

Zhang

1994

Environ Health Perspect

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Recent progress in risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and its correlation with occupational lung cancer in nickelexposed workers is reviewed. Epidemiological investigations provide reliable data indicating the close relation between nickel exposure and high lung cancer risk, especially in nickel refieries. The nickel species-specific effects and the doseresponse relationship between nickel exposure and lung cancer are among the main questions that are explored extensively. It is also suggested that some confounding factors such as cigarette smoking cannot be neglected. The determination of nickel concentration in lung tissue may be conducive to estimating the nickel exposure level, but it is uncertain whether the high nickel content in lung tissue indicates high lung cancer risk in nickel-exposed workers. Immunologic studies suggest that the suppressive effect ofnickel on NK cell activity and interferon production may also be involved in the mechanisms of nickel carcinogenesis. As a potential mutagen, nickel can cause chromosome damage both in vitro and in vivo; and on a molecular basis, nickel is found to induce DNA damage (DNA strandbreaks and crosslinks, infidelity of DNA replication, inhibition ofDNA repair, and the helical transition ofB-DNA toZ-DNA) by binding ofnickel ions to DNA and nuclear proteins. The discovery of oncogene promises both a challenge and an opportunity for nickel carcinogenesis research. It can be predicted that, with the rapid development ofmolecular biology and oncology, new approaches will be established for both understanding and controlling nickel-induced occupational lung cancer.

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Age, sex, and region adjusted concentrations of chromium and nickel in lung tissue.

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Pulmonary metal distribution in urban dwellers

Pulmonary metal distribution in urban dwellers

Metals in lung tissue from autopsy cases in Mexico City residents: comparison of cases from the 1950s and the 1980s.

Risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and occupational lung cancer.

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