Age-Related Vascular Dysfunction: What Registered Dietitian Nutritionists Need to Know

Johnson, Sarah A.; Litwin, Nicole S.; Seals, Douglas R.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2019.03.016

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Here, we also found that red cabbage microgreens were higher than mature red cabbage in numerous health-promoting bioactive compounds including glucosinolates and their breakdown products (indoles and isothiocyanates), and various phenolics including flavonoid and nonflavonoid compounds. These compounds can protect against numerous chronic diseases including cardiovascular and metabolic disease and cancer, likely through diverse mechanisms including but not limited to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, ability to induce phase II detoxification enzymes, and/or modulation of the gut microbiome ( 36 , 37 , 41 , 42 ). Pea microgreens were unique in containing kaempferol glycosides and trifolin, a kaempferol galactoside (both flavonols/flavonoid polyphenols), as well as numerous triterpene saponins, and also contained higher concentrations of these compounds than mature peas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Metabolites and Minerals in 6 Microgreen Species and the Influence of Maturity

Johnson

Prenni

Heuberger

et al. 2021

Current Developments in Nutrition

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Background Microgreens are the young leafy greens of many vegetables, herbs, grains, and flowers with potential to promote human health and sustainably diversify the global food system. For successful further integration into the global food system and evaluation of their health impacts, it is critical to elucidate and optimize their nutritional quality. Objective We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the metabolite and mineral contents of six microgreens species, and the influence of maturity on their contents. Methods Plant species evaluated were from the Brassicaceae (arugula, broccoli, and red cabbage), Amaranthaceae (red beet and red amaranth), and Fabaceae (pea) plant families. Non-targeted metabolomics and ionomics analyses were performed to examine the metabolites and minerals, respectively, in each microgreen species and its mature counterpart. Results Non-targeted metabolomics analysis detected 3,321 compounds, 1,263 of which were annotated and included nutrients and bioactive compounds. Ionomics analysis detected and quantified 26 minerals including macrominerals, trace minerals, ultratrace minerals, and other metals. Principal component analysis indicated microgreens have distinct metabolite and mineral profiles compared with one another and with their mature counterparts. Several compounds were higher (p < 0.05; fold change ≥ 2) in microgreens compared to their mature counterpart, while some were unchanged or lower. In many cases, compounds that were higher in microgreens compared to the mature counterpart were also unique to that microgreen species. Conclusions These data provide evidence for the nutritional quality of microgreens, and can inform future research and development aimed at characterizing and optimizing microgreen nutritional quality and health impacts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Metabolites and Minerals in 6 Microgreen Species and the Influence of Maturity

Johnson

Prenni

Heuberger

et al. 2021

Current Developments in Nutrition

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“…In addition, Bifidobacterium lactis supplementation has been shown to improve endothelial function in human populations. In a healthy Japanese cohort, yogurt containing B. lactis was consumed for 12 weeks in combination with arginine and resulted in a significant improvement in reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) scores, a validated measure of endothelial function in humans ( Johnson et al ., 2019 ), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( Matsumoto et al ., 2019 ). A separate study found that 45-day supplementation of fermented milk containing B. lactis in individuals with metabolic syndrome significantly reduced total and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) ( Bernini et al ., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus subtilis DE111 intake may improve blood lipids and endothelial function in healthy adults

Trotter

Vazquez

Grubb

et al. 2020

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the US and worldwide. By 2030 it is anticipated that CVD will claim the lives of more than 24 million people. Throughout the last decade, researchers have investigated the role of the gut microbiota in the development of CVD. Evidence exists for a positive correlation between Bifidobacterium and vascular function, glucose tolerance, and reduced systemic inflammation. Another probiotic species, Bacillus subtilis, has also been found to reduce cholesterol levels in human and animal models. In light of these data, we examined various measures of cardiovascular health after consumption of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain BL04, with and without a cocktail of Escherichia coli-targeting bacteriophages (marketed as PreforPro), Bacillus subtilis strain DE111 or a maltodextrin-based placebo in a healthy human population. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled 4-week intervention conducted in individuals 18 to 65 years of age with a body mass index of 20 to 34.9, we saw no significant changes in measured CVD parameters among individuals consuming B. lactis with or without bacteriophages. However, B. subtilis supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in total cholesterol relative to baseline measures (-8 mg/dl; P=0.04, confidence interval (CI): -13.40, -0.19), as well as non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (-11 mg/dl; P=0.01, CI: -12.43, -2.07). In addition we observed trending improvements in endothelial function (P=0.05, CI: -0.003, 0.370) and in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P=0.06, CI:-12.29, 0.2864). Strikingly, these effects were seen in a largely healthy population. These data suggest that B. subtilis supplementation may be beneficial for improving risk factors associated with CVD. Further studies in populations of older adults or those with dyslipidaemia and endothelial dysfunction is warranted.

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“…Because microgreens can be grown year‐round in most indoor locales and particularly in controlled environments, they may be useful in facilitating adaptations to population growth, urbanization, and global climate change, while also increasing the availability of high nutritional quality vegetable crops throughout the year (Benke & Tomkins, 2017; Choe et al., 2018; Mir et al., 2017; Weber, 2017). The high nutritional quality of microgreens and potential ease of meal incorporation suggests they can promote fresh vegetable consumption, micronutrient sufficiency, and increased bioactive compound intake for the promotion of human health and to achieve specific health effects as functional foods such as reduced cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk (Huang et al., 2016; Johnson, Litwin, & Seals, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgreens: Consumer sensory perception and acceptance of an emerging functional food crop

Michell

Isweiri

Newman

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Science

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Microgreens are an emerging functional food crop with promise for sustainably diversifying global food systems, facilitating adaptations to urbanization and global climate change, and promoting human health. Previous work suggests microgreens have high nutritional quality, low environmental impacts, and broad consumer acceptance. For better reception into the global food system and increased per capita consumption, research is needed to elucidate consumer acceptance of various microgreens species, including factors contributing to their acceptance or lack thereof. Using a consumer panel (n = 99), this study evaluated consumer sensory perception and acceptability of six microgreens species (arugula, broccoli, bull's blood beet, red cabbage, red garnet amaranth, and tendril pea), and potential drivers and barriers to consumer acceptance. All microgreens species received high mean liking scores for acceptability by consumers (means ranged from highly acceptable to slightly acceptable), with more distinct differences across microgreens species for flavor and overall acceptability, which appeared to be driven by specific sensory properties. Data from principal component analysis demonstrated that high acceptability scores were associated with higher intent to purchase microgreens and negatively associated with food neophobia. Participants indicated that factors such as knowledge and familiarity of microgreens, cost, access/availability, freshness/shelf life, among other factors, influence their intention to purchase microgreens. These findings suggest that further integration of microgreens into the global food system will be met with high consumer acceptability, but needs to be aligned with enhanced consumer education regarding microgreens, as well as considerations of cost, availability/access, and freshness/shelf life.Practical Application: Researchers investigated consumer sensory perception and acceptability of six microgreens species (arugula, broccoli, bull's blood beet, red cabbage, red garnet amaranth, and tendril pea), and potential drivers and barriers to consumer acceptance. All microgreens tested had high consumer acceptability, but certain factors such as sensory perception and food neophobia impacted their acceptability. Additionally, participants indicated that factors such as knowledge, access and availability, cost, freshness, and shelf life may impact the purchasing of microgreens and thus are important factors to consider for further integration of this emerging functional food crop into the global food system.

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Age-Related Vascular Dysfunction: What Registered Dietitian Nutritionists Need to Know

Cited by 9 publications

References 108 publications

Comprehensive Evaluation of Metabolites and Minerals in 6 Microgreen Species and the Influence of Maturity

Comprehensive Evaluation of Metabolites and Minerals in 6 Microgreen Species and the Influence of Maturity

Bacillus subtilis DE111 intake may improve blood lipids and endothelial function in healthy adults

Microgreens: Consumer sensory perception and acceptance of an emerging functional food crop

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