Age-Related Differences in the Attention Network Test (ANT)

Gamboz, Nadia; Zamarian, Stefania; Cavallero, Corrado

doi:10.1080/0361073x.2010.484729

Cited by 80 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Thus, a training program designed to increase moment-to-moment attention would be beneficial in enhancing cognitive control. Interestingly, in this study Gamboz et al (2010) did not find evidence for an age-related reduction in the executive control component of the ANT contrary to many previously published studies reporting significant reductions in the ability to resolve response competition in older adults (Nielson et al, 2002; Colcombe et al, 2005). …”

Section: Emotion-cognition Paradox In Agingcontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…In further support of the goal-maintenance account, Gamboz et al (2010) found age-related reductions primarily in the alerting component of the Attention Network Task (ANT; Fan et al, 2002). Usually employing some variant of the response compatibility paradigm, the ANT differentiates attention into three inter-related functions of alerting, orienting, and conflict resolution (Posner and Petersen, 1990).…”

Section: Emotion-cognition Paradox In Agingmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The long-term cultivation of mindfulness, thus enhances the capacity to maintain a constant state of alertness, resulting in increased moment-to-moment awareness and thereby increasing the capacity for sustained attention (Lutz et al, 2008, 2009; Moore and Malinowski, 2009). In fact, extensive training with meditation practices was also found to counter the effects of an age-related decline in sustained attention in a group of Zen meditators (Pagnoni and Cekic, 2007), suggesting that such practices might be prophylactic for the decline in sustained attention or the alerting component of attention observed in the elderly (Gamboz et al, 2010). …”

Section: Mindfulness Training and Controlled Regulatory Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mindfulness and the aging brain: a proposed paradigm shift

Prakash

Leon

Patterson

et al. 2014

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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There has been a proliferation of cognitive training studies investigating the efficacy of various cognitive training paradigms as well as strategies for improving cognitive control in the elderly. While some have found support for the transfer of training, the majority of training studies show modest to no transfer effects. When transfer effects have been observed, the mechanisms contributing to enhanced functioning have been difficult to dissociate. In this review, we provide a theoretical rationale for the study of mindfulness in older adults as a particular type of training program designed to improve cognitive control by capitalizing on older adults' acquired behavioral orientation toward higher socioemotional goals. Given the synergistic relationship between emotional and cognitive control processes, the paradoxical divergence in older adults' functional trajectory in these respective domains, and the harmonious interplay of cognitive and emotional control embedded in the practice of mindfulness, we propose mindfulness training as an opportunistic approach to cultivating cognitive benefits in older adults. The study of mindfulness within aging, we argue, capitalizes on a fundamental finding of the socioemotional aging literature, namely the preferential change in motivational goals of older adults from ones involving future-oriented wants and desires to present-focused emotion regulation and gratification.

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Section: Emotion-cognition Paradox In Agingcontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Emotion-cognition Paradox In Agingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Mindfulness Training and Controlled Regulatory Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mindfulness and the aging brain: a proposed paradigm shift

Prakash

Leon

Patterson

et al. 2014

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Such studies, commonly report preserved orienting and executive control, but an age-related reduction in alerting (Gamboz, Zamarian, Cavallero, 2010;Jennings et al, 2007;Williams et al, 2016). Here, we similarly report age-preserved orienting and executive control when using IE as our dependent measure, but not a decline in alerting.…”

Section: Attention Network Effectssupporting

confidence: 58%

Age differences in gain- and loss-motivated attention

Williams

Biel

Dyson

et al. 2017

Brain and Cognition

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Adaptive gain theory suggests that the phasic release of norepinephrine (NE) to cortical areas reflects changes in the utility of ongoing tasks. In the context of aging, this theory raises interesting questions, given that the motivations of older adults differ from those of younger adults. According to socioemotional selectivity theory (Carstensen, Isaacowitz, & Charles, 1999), aging is associated with greater emphasis on emotion-regulation goals, leading older adults to prioritize positive over negative information.This suggests that the phasic release of NE in response to threatening stimuli may be diminished in older adults. In the present study, younger adults (aged 18-34 years) and older adults (60-82 years) completed the Attention Network Test (ANT), modified to include an incentive manipulation. A behavioral index of attentional alerting served as a marker of phasic arousal. For younger adults, this marker correlated with the effect of both gain and loss incentives on performance. For older adults, in contrast, the correlation between phasic arousal and incentive sensitivity held for gain incentives only. These findings suggest that the enlistment of phasic NE activity may be specific to approach-oriented motivation in older adults.

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“…Accordingly, an increase in the P300 latency may reflect difficulties related to both visual target detection and response inhibition [52]. As recently suggested, the successful performance of this selective attention task depends not only on the alerting and orienting networks but also on the facilitating effect of the orienting cues when conflict resolution is required [53,54]. In this perspective, one could postulate that MCI participants with single dysexecutive deficits need more time for the activation of cortical circuits that subserve conflict resolution compared to other MCI subgroups [26,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention-Related Potentials Allow for a Highly Accurate Discrimination of Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes

Missonnier

Herrmann²,

Richiardi³

et al. 2012

Neurodegener Dis

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The three most frequent forms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are single-domain amnestic MCI (sd-aMCI), single-domain dysexecutive MCI (sd-dMCI) and multiple-domain amnestic MCI (md-aMCI). Brain imaging differences among single domain subgroups of MCI were recently reported supporting the idea that electroencephalography (EEG) functional hallmarks can be used to differentiate these subgroups. We performed event-related potential (ERP) measures and independent component analysis in 18 sd-aMCI, 13 sd-dMCI and 35 md-aMCI cases during the successful performance of the Attentional Network Test. Sensitivity and specificity analyses of ERP for the discrimination of MCI subgroups were also made. In center-cue and spatial-cue warning stimuli, contingent negative variation (CNV) was elicited in all MCI subgroups. Two independent components (ICA1 and 2) were superimposed in the time range on the CNV. The ICA2 was strongly reduced in sd-dMCI compared to sd-aMCI and md-aMCI (4.3 vs. 7.5% and 10.9% of the CNV component). The parietal P300 ERP latency increased significantly in sd-dMCI compared to md-aMCI and sd-aMCI for both congruent and incongruent conditions. This latency for incongruent targets allowed for a highly accurate separation of sd-dMCI from both sd-aMCI and md-aMCI with correct classification rates of 90 and 81%, respectively. This EEG parameter alone performed much better than neuropsychological testing in distinguishing sd-dMCI from md-aMCI. Our data reveal qualitative changes in the composition of the neural generators of CNV in sd-dMCI. In addition, they document an increased latency of the executive P300 component that may represent a highly accurate hallmark for the discrimination of this MCI subgroup in routine clinical settings.

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Age-Related Differences in the Attention Network Test (ANT)

Cited by 80 publications

References 33 publications

Mindfulness and the aging brain: a proposed paradigm shift

Mindfulness and the aging brain: a proposed paradigm shift

Age differences in gain- and loss-motivated attention

Attention-Related Potentials Allow for a Highly Accurate Discrimination of Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes

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