Age-Related Differences in Socio-demographic and Behavioral Determinants of HIV Testing and Counseling in HPTN 043/NIMH Project Accept

Salazar-Austin, Nicole; Kulich, Michal; Chingono, Alfred; Chariyalertsak, Suwat; Srithanaviboonchai, Kriengkrai; Gray, Glenda; Richter, Linda; Rooyen, Heidi van; Morin, Stephen F.; Mbwambo, Jessie; Szekeres, Greg; Coates, Tom; Celentano, David D.

doi:10.1007/s10461-017-1807-5

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…16,28 Consistent with previous studies, sociodemographic characteristics, including marital status, education, socioeconomic status, and employment, were strong predictors of HIV testing. 15,28,29 In our analysis, marital status was one of the strongest predictors for HIV testing, especially in Cambodia. The results demonstrated that married people were more likely to get tested for HIV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…9 The other two impactful predictors for getting tested for HIV were education and wealth status, which were also consistent with the findings from a previous study. 29 The women with higher education were more likely to get tested for HIV than those with low or no education. Similarly, the rich were more likely to get tested for HIV than the poor for wealth status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia

et al. 2021

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Background: Many countries have been trying to eliminate Mother-to-Child transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and achieve the 90-90-90 target goals. The targets mean that 90% of People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) know their HIV status, 90% of those who are infected receive Antiretroviral treatment (ART), and 90% of those achieve viral suppression. Despite some progress, the goals have not been met in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia, countries with relatively high or growing HIV prevalence. This study identifies the sociodemographic determinants of testing among women in these countries so that better health education and stigma reduction strategies can be developed. Methods: Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted using Demographic and Health Survey data conducted in the Philippines (2017), Myanmar (2015/2016), and Cambodia (2014). The outcome variable was having ever been tested for HIV. Independent variables included knowledge and attitudes about HIV and social determinants of health. Results: A significant difference in testing rates among women was observed (the Philippines: 5%, Myanmar: 19%, Cambodia: 42%). In Myanmar and Cambodia, women who had more HIV knowledge and less stigma towards PLWHIV were more likely to get tested for HIV than those who did not. Marital status, education, wealth were strong predictors for HIV testing among women. Younger women aged 15-19 and those who live in the rural areas were less likely to get HIV tested than older and those living in urban areas. Employed women were less likely to seek an HIV test than the unemployed in Myanmar and Cambodia, whereas, in the Philippines, the opposite relationship was found. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Women with less education and those less familiar with HIV should be targeted for HIV testing interventions. Stigma reduction and different testing strategies could facilitate early screening leading to improved HIV testing among women. Copyright © 2021 Myint et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia

et al. 2021

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“…Results also indicated that GDP per capita was associated with higher levels of PLHIV who know their status within a country. This result is unsurprising as studies across different settings and among various key populations have found a positive association between an individual's socioeconomic status and voluntary HIV testing . Surprisingly, health expenditure on HIV prevention efforts, that would typically include HIV testing education and awareness campaigns or interventions, was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mobilizing civil society for the HIV treatment cascade: a global analysis on democracy and its association with people living with HIV who know their status

Tan

Wong

2019

J Intern AIDS Soc

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Introduction Civil society organizations (CSOs) play an essential role in the global HIV/AIDS response. Past studies have described the beneficial role of CSOs in meeting the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90‐90‐90 target, but have not explored how political conditions, which influence the ability of CSOs to organize, have an impact on the cascade. This study explores the relationship between measures of democracy and its association with diagnosis rates among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods This study analyses 2016 data derived from the Economist Intelligence Unit's Democracy Index (EIUDI), UNAIDS country estimates for PLHIV and PLHIV who knew their status in 2016, World Bank's 2016 data on nominal gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and country population, HIV Justice Network's 2016 data on HIV criminalization, and country‐level estimates for PLHIV, PLHIV who know their status, and expenditure on HIV prevention from other independent sources. An estimated HIV prevalence variable was constructed by dividing the estimated PLHIV population with the total population of a country. Analyses were limited to countries with available data on PLHIV who know their status (n = 111). Results Of the 111 countries in the analytic sample, the mean democracy index score was 5.93 (of the 10), median estimated HIV prevalence was 0.20% (IQR 0.10‐0.65), median GDP per capita (in thousands, US dollar) was 4.88 (IQR 2.11‐13.79), and mean PLHIV who know their status is 67.12%. Preliminary analysis on the five component measures of the EIUDI revealed multicollinearity, and thus the composite democracy index score was used as the measure for democracy. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that democracy index scores (β = 2.10, SE = 1.02, p = 0.04) and GDP per capita (in thousands; β = 0.34. SE = 0.11, p < 0.01) were positively associated with diagnosis rates among PLHIV, controlling for country‐level expenditure on HIV prevention, HIV criminalization laws and estimated HIV prevalence. Conclusions Results indicate that higher levels of democracy were positively associated with rates of diagnosis among PLHIV. Further analyses following wider implementation of universal testing and treatment is warranted, as well as the need for further research on the mechanisms through which political cultures specifically influence rates of diagnosis among PLHIV.

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“…Despite major improvements in the availability of HTS in Eastern and Southern Africa, where the vast majority of HIV cases are found, an estimated 24% of people living with HIV were unaware of their status in 2017 [1]. Certain population subgroups remain persistently hard to reach, including young people (15–24 years) and males [2‐4]. Barriers to HTS have been documented (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of community and facility‐based HIV self‐testing under routine conditions in southern Eswatini

Pasipamire¹,

Nesbitt²,

Dube

et al. 2020

Tropical Med Int Health

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objectives WHO recommends HIV self-testing (HIVST) as an additional approach to HIV testing services. The study describes the strategies used during phase-in of HIVST under routine conditions in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland). oral HIVST was offered at HIV testing services (HTS) sites to people aged ≥ 16 years. Additional support tools were available, including a telephone hotline answered 24/7, HIVST demonstration videos and printed educational information about HIV prevention and care services. Demographic characteristics of HIVST users were described and compared with standard blood-based HTS in the community. HIVST results were monitored with follow-up phone calls and the hotline.results During the 9-month period, 1895 people accessed HIVST and 2415 HIVST kits were distributed. More people accessed HIVST kits in the community (n = 1365, 72.0%) than at health facilities (n = 530, 28.0%). The proportion of males and median age among those accessing HIVST and standard HTS in the community were similar (49.3%, 29 years HIVST vs. 48.7%, 27 years standard HTS). In total, 34 (3.9%) reactive results were reported from 938 people with known HIVST results; 32.4% were males, and median age was 30 years (interquartile range 25-36). Twenty-one (62%) patients were known to have received confirmatory blood-based HTS; of these, 20 (95%) had concordant reactive results and 19 (95%) were linked to HIV care at a clinic.conclusion Integration of HIVST into existing HIV facility-and community-based testing strategies in Eswatini was found to be feasible, and HIVST has been adopted by national testing bodies in Eswatini. keywords HIV, Eswatini, HTS, undiagnosedSustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 10 (reduced inequalities), SDG 17 (partnerships for the goals)

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Age-Related Differences in Socio-demographic and Behavioral Determinants of HIV Testing and Counseling in HPTN 043/NIMH Project Accept

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia

Determinants of HIV Testing Uptake among Women (aged 15-49 years) in the Philippines, Myanmar, and Cambodia

Mobilizing civil society for the HIV treatment cascade: a global analysis on democracy and its association with people living with HIV who know their status

Implementation of community and facility‐based HIV self‐testing under routine conditions in southern Eswatini

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