Age Related Changes in the Concentration of Serum Keratan Sulphate in Children

Abstract

Summary: Serum was obtained from 155 children at the time of admission to hospital for elective surgery. The concentration of serum keratan sulphate was determined by an ELISA which uses an antibody specific for keratan sulphate, a molecule found predominantly in cartilage. Concentrations of keratan sulphate rise progressively during the first four years of life (0-2: mean = 357 μg/l; 2-4: mean = 422 μg/l) and then remain high until 12 years of age (mean = approx. 500 μg/l). At this time, concentrations drop markedly (13-year olds: mean = 3?7μ §^1; 14-year olds: mean = 318μg/l). After age 15, concentrations continue to fall toward the concentrations found in normal adults. Serum concentrations did not show significant differences with respect to disease category, sex or race but were found to vary, sometimes markedly, from child to child at any one age. The results suggest human cartilage undergoes significant changes in metabolic activities during maturation. Measurements of keratan sulphate concentration in serum may prove useful in studying the biochemical and physiological bases of these changes and in monitoring growth or endochondral ossification during maturation.

Chondroitin 6-sulfate as a novel biomarker for mucopolysaccharidosis IVA and VII

“…Additional data from more patients with MPS VII will be required to validate these biomarkers. Blood KS level in control subjects were high during the first 5 years of life and then steadily declined with age before stabilizing in late teenage years, in agreement with prior studies (Tomatsu et al 2005a;Thonar et al 1988). The level of blood KS in patients with MPS IVA was significantly higher than age-matched controls in older children and adults.…”

The Effects of Growth and Disease in Serum Keratan Sulfate Concentration in Dogs

“…They added that KS concentration in male foals is significantly higher than that in female foals. Thoner et al described age related changes of serum KS concentration in children [22]. Our results of KS concentration in this study had a little difference in the period of peak, in the pattern of decrease, and in the age when reached to plateau.…”

“…Preparation of canine cartilage proteoglycan monomer (PGm): Cartilage PGm was purified from canine cartilage according to a method previously reported [6,17,21,22]. Hyaline cartilage was collected from the normal joints of adult dogs which were euthanized for reasons without joint problem.…”

“…5). DISCUSSION KS concentrations in serum and synovial fluid in humans [7,16,24,25] and also the relation between KS and growth [17,22,23] have shown in few studies, it is still unknown in the dog. In this study, we investigated that longitudinal serum KS concentration in dogs from birth to 15 months and evaluated the relationship between serum KS concentration and other factors, including body weight, breed and diseases.…”

“…Previous studies showed the usefulness of joint markers, such as CS, KS and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, in monitoring cartilage metabolism and for early detection of joint diseases [2,8,9,12]. In children, foals and dogs/ puppies, serum KS concentration has reported higher than the adult [13,17,22,23]. However, to the authors' knowledge, there are no reports describing serum markers in dogs during growth.…”