Age-Related Changes in the Renin-Aldosterone System

Bauer, John H.

doi:10.2165/00002512-199303030-00005

Cited by 98 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(77 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The analyses did not reveal any significant relationship between steroid hormone levels and gender, age, diameter of adenomas or BMI except for the association between morning aldosterone level and age (Table 3); however, this negative correlation has already been desribed [34]. The relationships between c5 carriers and ACTH-induced cortisol, ACTH-induced 17-OHP and metyrapone-blocked 11-deoxycortisol levels, and the relationship between g398C carriers and morning aldosterone level all remained significant after adjustment for gender, age, diameter or BMI, but the relationship between c8 carriers and ACTH-induced cortisol level slightly exceeded the significance threshold (p = 0.0690).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Common Genetic Variants of the Human Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Gene (CYP21A2) Are Related to Differences in Circulating Hormone Levels

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeSystematic evaluation of the potential relationship between the common genetic variants of CYP21A2 and hormone levels.MethodsThe relationships of CYP21A2 intron 2 polymorphisms and haplotypes with diverse baseline and stimulated blood hormone levels were studied in 106 subjects with non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI). The rationale for using NFAI subjects is dual: i) their baseline hormone profiles do not differ from those of healthy subjects and ii) hormone levels after stimulation tests are available.ResultsThe carriers (N = 27) of a well-defined CYP21A2 haplotype cluster (c5) had significantly elevated levels of cortisol (p = 0.0110), and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (p = 0.0001) after ACTH stimulation, and 11-deoxycortisol after metyrapone administration (p = 0.0017), but the hormone values were in normal ranges. In addition, the carriers (N = 33) of the C allele of the rs6462 polymorphism had a higher baseline aldosterone level (p = 0.0006). The prevalence of these genetic variants of CYP21A2 did not differ between NFAI and healthy subjects.ConclusionsThe common CYP21A2 variants presumably exert the same effect on hormone levels in the healthy and disease-affected populations. Therefore, they may contribute to complex diseases such as some cardiovascular diseases, and may influence the genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) including the individual need for hormone substitution.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Common Genetic Variants of the Human Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Gene (CYP21A2) Are Related to Differences in Circulating Hormone Levels

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Substantial evidence indicates that a decrease in plasma renin activity accompanies the normal aging process 60 . Decreased plasma renin activity in older people is not due to changes in plasma renin substrate concentration but rather to decreased active renin concentration, which a slowed conversion of inactive renin to active renin may cause 61 .…”

Section: Aging and Physiological Risk Factors For Hyponatremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyponatremia and Arginine Vasopressin Dysregulation: Mechanisms, Clinical Consequences, and Management

Miller

2006

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyponatremia, the most common electrolyte disorder, occurs frequently in older people and in hospitalized patients. Physiological changes of aging that interact with diseases and drugs commonly present in older people put this population at greater risk for hyponatremia. It can accompany central nervous system disorders, pulmonary and renal disease, cancer, congestive heart failure, and liver cirrhosis, as well as many commonly used drugs. Delayed recognition can lead to symptomatic hyponatremia with consequent cerebral edema and possibly irreversible neurological damage. Symptoms and signs of hyponatremia may be subtle or not attributed to hyponatremia. Most cases are of the euvolemic type, in which extracellular fluid volume is normal and is often due to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Hyponatremia can also occur in association with hypervolemia or hypovolemia. Common to all of these circumstances is increased secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Understanding of the pathophysiological basis of hyponatremia and of brain compensatory mechanisms is critical to safe treatment. Fluid restriction or infusion of hypertonic saline can improve symptoms and normalize serum sodium levels but does not address excess AVP, which in most cases is the underlying cause of the disorder. A major new approach to treatment of hyponatremia is the development of aquaretics: AVP-receptor antagonists that provide a targeted therapeutic approach to correcting the many kinds of hyponatremia caused by excess AVP levels.

show abstract

“…Plasma renin levels were decreased in the elderly regardless of the presence or absence of an inverse relationship with blood pressure [ 24 ]. In healthy subjects, beginning at puberty mean plasma renin activity and its levels decline with wide variations in individual values, and reach their lowest levels during the sixth decade of life [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renin gene rs1464816 polymorphism contributes to chronic kidney disease progression in ADPKD

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a monogenic disorder and is a common genetic cause of chronic renal failure in children and adults. The enzyme renin plays a key role in the RAAS cascade and an important role in the development of hypertension and progression of renal disease in ADPKD. The present study is aimed to investigate the potential modifier effect of REN gene polymorphisms on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in ADPKD. Methods: We analyzed 102 ADPKD patients and 106 healthy controls from the same geographic area. FRET-based KASPar single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays for REN gene tag-SNPs (rs2887284, rs2368564, rs1464816, rs7521667, rs10900555, rs6693954, rs6676670 and rs11571078) were performed. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to assess the potential associations between these polymorphisms and CKD stages. Haplotype frequencies and LD measures were estimated by using the software Haploview. Mantel-Haenszel stratified analysis was used to explore confounding and interaction effects of these polymorphisms. Results: Of the eight tag-SNPs genotyped, the rs10900555 polymorphism deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls. The presence of ADPKD in general was not significantly associated with the REN tag-SNPs included in this study. Linkage disequilibrium analysis yielded three haplotype blocks and the haplotypes of the respective blocks are not statistically different between ADPKD and controls. In multivariate analysis, the rs1464816 TG genotype showed a significant association with the advancement of CKD in ADPKD (OR = 4.80; 95 % CI = 1.30-17.82; p = 0.019). Conclusions:The present study provides evidence that the rs1464816 polymorphism in REN is associated with CKD progression in ADPKD.

show abstract

Age-Related Changes in the Renin-Aldosterone System

Cited by 98 publications

References 43 publications

Common Genetic Variants of the Human Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Gene (CYP21A2) Are Related to Differences in Circulating Hormone Levels

Common Genetic Variants of the Human Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Gene (CYP21A2) Are Related to Differences in Circulating Hormone Levels

Hyponatremia and Arginine Vasopressin Dysregulation: Mechanisms, Clinical Consequences, and Management

Renin gene rs1464816 polymorphism contributes to chronic kidney disease progression in ADPKD

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About