Age-related changes in speed of walking

Himann, Joan E.; Cunningham, David A.; Rechnitzer, Peter A.; Paterson, Donald H.

doi:10.1249/00005768-198804001-00010

Cited by 162 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

185

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As shown in the supplementary analyses, these kinematic measures on the first block of trials in session one were higher than the pretest indicating an immediate effect of instruction to ''take a bigger step.'' Such immediate improvement in gait due to instruction or external cues has been demonstrated in prior research [5,6,[22][23][24][25]. However, in the present study, SL, gait velocity, and within-subject consistency for both measures progressively improved over the course of training, clearly demonstrating the effects of practice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Improving gait and promoting retention in individuals with Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study

Werner

Gentile

2010

J Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined intensive walking practice using two instructional strategies on gait in Parkinson's disease (PD) before and after training and on delayed retention tests. During four training sessions (15 practice trials of walking per session), subjects (N = 6 per group) were given either verbal instruction (VI) to "take a big step" or VI plus augmented feedback (FB). For FB, videotape performance-feedback (from prior trial) supplemented by performance-cues (for subsequent trial) was given after each trial. On pre- and posttests (1 week after training), the only instructions were to "walk as well as you can." For available subjects (N = 7), retention was tested at 3, 6, or 12 months after training. Gait parameters were derived from kinematic analysis of walking during training and testing. From pre- to posttests, stride length, walking velocity and shoulder excursion increased significantly, with no change in cadence. Improvements in stride length and gait velocity above pretest levels were maintained on retention tests. During training and testing, no effects of VI versus VI + FB were found. Although the two instructional strategies did not differ, intensive practice walking with VI improved the gait pattern of individuals with PD and these gait improvements were maintained over an extended period of time.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Improving gait and promoting retention in individuals with Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study

Werner

Gentile

2010

J Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mean self-selected v in our subjects (men 5.0 km á h A1 , women 5.0 km á h A1 ) was comparable to (Ralston 1958)] than values reported for optimal v. Self-selected v was higher than reported for sedentary subjects of the same age (3.2± 4.8 km á h A1 ) (Himann et al 1988;Bendall et al 1989). In this study, the age-related decrease of self-selected v march was 0.8% á year A1 in men and 0.7% á year A1 in women.…”

Section: Relative Exercise Intensity During the 4-day Marchsupporting

confidence: 66%

Relative exercise intensity of long-distance marching (120 km in 4 days) in 153 subjects aged 69?87 years

Wild

Peeters

Hoefnagels

et al. 1997

European Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to determine the relative exercise intensity (oxygen uptake during the march/maximal oxygen uptake, VO2march/VO2max) during a long-distance march in subjects or over 70 years of age. Secondly, the effect of hypertension, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases on the relative exercise intensity was evaluated. One hundred and fifty-three subjects, 97 men aged 76.7 (4.6) years and 56 women aged 72.8 (3.6) years who completed the 1993 Nijmegen day long-distance march (30 km x day(-1) on 4 consecutive days) participated in the study. Oxygen uptake (VO2) during walking at different velocities (v) was measured in a subgroup of nine men and nine women, selected randomly from the population under study. With these data, regression equations describing the relationship between VO2 and v were made. VO2march was estimated with the obtained regression equations from an average of the v(march) measured in all participants. VO2max was determined using incremental cycle ergometry in all subjects. VO2march was 13.7 (1.8) ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) in men and 15.2 (1.3) ml x kg x min(-1) in women at a mean v of 5 km x h(-1) in both sexes. This corresponded to 52% of VO2max in men and 63% in women. In both sexes subjects with cardiovascular and/or pulmonary diseases walked at a slower v and thus lower VO2march compared to subjects without these diseases. Due to the lower VO2max in subjects with these diseases there was no difference in the relative exercise intensity between the groups. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that and not age on the prevalence of hypertension, cardiovascular and/or pulmonary that VO2max was the most important predictor of the variance in self-selected v(march). This study demonstrates that these active people aged over 70 years could maintain a high relative exercise intensity during endurance walking on 4 subsequent days. Furthermore, it shows that the relative exercise intensity of marching is within the range recommended for improving fitness and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Finally, these results demonstrate that VO2max has a more important influence on performance than does age or chronic diseases in active elderly people.

show abstract

“…According to a previous study (Himann et al 1988) of age-related changes in the speed of walking, slow, normal, and fast walking speeds in people of our subjects' age would approximately correspond to 45.9, 62.2 and 78.2 m · min )1 , respectively. Considering the mean height of their subjects overage 63 years was 1.57 m compared with 1.47 m in our subjects, and the height effect on walking speed (see Bassey et al 1982;Himann et al 1988), iEMG tp was at a speed somewhat faster than the expected self-paced normal walking speed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…See Fig. 1 for definitions ductions in both quality and quantity of muscle result in lower walking speed with increasing age (Himann et al 1988). The existence of large variations in muscle working capacity in older people indicates that walking speed may also vary greatly in the elderly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the optimal walking speed for neural relaxation in healthy elderly women using electromyogram and electroencephalogram analyses

Shibata¹,

Shimura

Shibata

et al. 1997

European Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to determine the walking speed which has the greatest influence on neural relaxation in healthy elderly women as determined by electromyogram (EMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) analyses. Seven elderly female volunteers [mean age 68.5 (SD 3.95) years] served as subjects for this study. The EMG signals were recorded from the gastrocnemius (MG), soleus (SL) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles while walking on a treadmill, starting at 40 m.min-1 and increasing 6 m.min-1 incrementally for 10 min. The turning point of muscle activities (by integrated EMG. iEMGtp) was determined as the walking speed at the point at which the mean rate of change of iEMG (MG + SL + TA) abruptly increased. After the determination of iEMGtp. the treadmill was set at three constant speeds, one corresponding to the speed for the iEMGtp and two others 20% higher or lower than that for the iEMGtp. The subjects then walked for 20 min at each of these speeds on 3 separate days and their EEG power spectrum data were obtained for frequencies from the 8 to 13 Hz (z-wave component, AWC). The mean of iEMGtp for our subjects was at a mean walking speed of 64.7 (SD 7.9) m.min-1. Considering the subjects' age and height, iEMGtp was somewhat faster than their expected self-paced normal walking speed. There were no differences between the mean AWC values of the subjects prior to exercising at each of the three speeds. The mean AWC values after exercise were significantly (P < 0.01) greater than before. The extent of the increase in AWC at iEMGtp was greater than those at slower speeds. Our data would suggest that walking exercise at the speed which corresponds with EMG evidence of iEMGtp may induce the most significant relaxing effects in elderly women.

show abstract

Age-related changes in speed of walking

Cited by 162 publications

References 0 publications

Improving gait and promoting retention in individuals with Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study

Improving gait and promoting retention in individuals with Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study

Relative exercise intensity of long-distance marching (120 km in 4 days) in 153 subjects aged 69?87 years

Determination of the optimal walking speed for neural relaxation in healthy elderly women using electromyogram and electroencephalogram analyses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About