Age-related changes in carotid artery wall properties in men

Reneman, Robert S.; Merode, Tiny van; Hick, P.; Muytjens, A.; Hoeks, Arnold P.G.

doi:10.1016/0301-5629(86)90218-8

Cited by 224 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Systemic arteries are known to become stiffer with increasing age [31]. A similar age-related decline in pulmonary artery distensibility was demonstrated in the present study.…”

Section: Influence Of Agesupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of the viscosity of the pulmonary artery wall

et al. 2000

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Large artery wall viscosity reduces the efficiency of heart/vessel coupling. The aim of the present study was to assess pulmonary artery wall viscosity through comparison of the static (Dst) and dynamic distensibility (Ddyn) of the vessel wall.Right pulmonary artery pressure and diameter was measured in 13 patients and eight healthy volunteers. Ddyn was calculated as the relative change in end-diastolic diameter induced by the pressure pulse, and Dst as the relative change in mean diameter induced by the change in mean pressure during steady-state exercise.Dst The arterial wall responds to stress through both elastic and viscous behaviour, the former being related to the elastin and the latter to the collagen and smooth muscle content of the vessel wall [1,2]. During systole, the elastic behaviour of the arterial wall allows its diameter to increase proportionally to pressure; in the case of a purely elastic arterial wall, the total amount of energy stored would be released during diastole. In reality, however, part of the energy that corresponds to viscous deformation is dissipated within the arterial wall. Wall viscosity reduces the efficiency of heart/vessel coupling, and may place extra load on the ventricle [3].Wall viscosity is responsible for the difference that exists between the static (Dst) and dynamic distensibility (Ddyn) of a given vessel [1,2,4,5]. Under static conditions, the change in diameter in response to a given change in distending pressure is determined only by the elastic properties of the vessel wall. Under dynamic conditions, however, when changes in pressure are pulsatile and the time available for distension is limited, wall viscosity impedes distension, resulting in less change in diameter for the same change in pressure [6]. The greater the wall viscosity, the greater the difference between Dst and Ddyn. Dst has been found to be considerably higher than Ddyn in systemic arteries, the difference being accounted for by wall viscosity [1,2,4,5].Information on pulmonary artery wall viscosity is limited and controversial. In the perfused dog lungs, the slope of the static curve relating volume to pressure (i.e. lung compliance) was found to be 1.5 times steeper than that of the dynamic curve [7], indicating considerable vessel wall viscosity. In humans, no direct comparison of Dst and Ddyn of the pulmonary artery has been made, but the close similarity of pressure and diameter curves recorded from the pulmonary artery has been taken as a sign of low vessel wall viscosity [8]. The age dependence of pulmonary arterial wall distensibility is another controversial issue. Although in vitro studies have shown that the pulmonary arterial wall stiffens with age [9,10], in vivo studies have produced equivocal results; a negative correlation between pulmonary compliance and age was reported in one study [11] but no such relation was found in another [12].In view of the above uncertainties, the relationship between Dst and Ddyn of the right main pulmonary artery and its age dependence was ...

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“…Systemic arteries are known to become stiffer with increasing age [31]. A similar age-related decline in pulmonary artery distensibility was demonstrated in the present study.…”

Section: Influence Of Agesupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of the viscosity of the pulmonary artery wall

et al. 2000

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“…The end diastolic diameter (D), the absolute stroke change in diameter during systole (DD), and the relative stroke change in diameter (DD/D) were computed as the mean of four cardiac cycles of three successive recordings. The cross-sectional arterial wall distensibility coefficient was calculated according to the following equation: distensibility coefficient =2DD/ (D3 pulse pressure) (10 23 per kilopascal) (18,20). Lower carotid distensibility represents greater carotid stiffness.…”

Section: Measurement Of Arterial Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial Stiffness and Decline in Kidney Function

Sedaghat¹,

Mattace-Raso²,

Hoorn³

et al. 2015

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

130

112

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Background and objectives The independent link between arterial stiffness and CKD remains unknown. We investigated the association of indicators of arterial stiffness with decline in kidney function.Design, setting, participants, & measurements We studied 3666 participants (mean age =65 years old; 58% women) from the Rotterdam Study. Pulse pressure (PP), carotid stiffness, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured. We created genetic risk scores for PP and PWV. Annual declines in kidney function and incident CKD were assessed using eGFR. To put our findings in context of the literature, we performed a meta-analysis of the available population-based studies.Results After a median (interquartile range) follow-up time of 11 (10.7-11.3) years, 601 participants with incident CKD were recognized. In the model adjusted for age, sex, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and baseline GFR, each SD higher PP was associated with 0.15-ml/min per 1.73 m 2 steeper annual eGFR decline (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.10 to 0.20) and 11% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.18). Each SD greater carotid stiffness was associated with 0.08-ml/min per 1.73 m 2 steeper annual eGFR decline (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.13) and 13% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.22). Each SD higher PWV was associated with 7% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.14). Incorporating our findings in a meta-analysis, each SD higher PP and PWV were associated with 16% (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.21) and 8% (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.14) higher risks of incident CKD. Each SD higher PP genetic risk score was associated with 0.06-ml/min per 1.73 m 2 steeper annual eGFR decline (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.10) and 8% higher risk of incident CKD (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.14). There was no association between PWV genetic risk score and kidney function decline.Conclusions Higher indices of arterial stiffness are associated with steeper decline in kidney function. This suggests that vascular stiffness could be considered as a target for delaying decline in kidney function.

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“…11,20 Aged-related changes of dynamic vessel wall properties are evident in the CCA. 19, 21 Benetos et al 19 did not find a significant correlation at the CFA. In our study age-related changes of dynamic vessel wall properties were evident at the CCA while at the CFA only a weak correlation was present (unpublished).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Assuming that the change in volume is due to a change in arterial crosssection rather than a change in arterial length, crosssectional compliance (CC) and distensibility (DC), defined as absolute respectively relative changes in arterial cross-sectional area divided by the change in arterial pressure, are simplified representatives of compliance and distensibility. 1 An unfavourable change in dynamic arterial wall properties of various arteries is found in populations with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, 2,3 smoking, 4 diabetes mellitus 5 and in patients with cerebrovascular disease. 6 A low CC is associated with a high pulse pressure and a high end-systolic wall stress, both involved in the development of carCorrespondence: F van den Berkmortel, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Nijmegen, P.O.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%