Age-Related Alterations in Peripheral Leukocyte Population of Healthy Holstein Dairy Cows during the Pre-Calving Period

Ohtsuka, Hiromichi; Uematsu, Masami; Saruyama, Yumi; Ono, Maiko; Kohiruimaki, Masayuki; Ando, Takaaki; Kawamura, Seiichi

doi:10.1292/jvms.71.1121

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The discrepancies between both studies could be owing to the methodology used (different antibodies) and/or to the physiological characteristics of the animals under study. A lower amount of B cells in peripheral blood has been reported as being relatively common in elderly persons (Franceschi et al, 1995) and older cows (Ohtsuka et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in multiparous rabbit does with two reproductive management rhythms

Guerrero

Ferrian

Blas

et al. 2011

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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The emergence of epizootic rabbit enteropathy is leading to changes in weaning protocols in 25 commercial rabbitries. Traditional weaning protocols are being replaced with late weaning, 26 beyond 35 days postpartum (dpp). The main objectives of this study were to compare the 27 peripheral blood lymphocyte populations of multiparous rabbit does under two reproductive 28 rhythms (insemination at 11 dpp and weaning at 28 dpp, insemination at 25 dpp and weaning 29 at 42 dpp), and to assess the influence on those of kits. Samples of peripheral blood were taken 30 in 22 adult females and 44 of their kits at different critical times, and several lymphocytic 31 populations were evaluated by flow cytometry. Additionally, the perirenal fat thickness of does 32 was also measured at partum and weaning to observe if body condition correlates with 33 lymphocyte populations. During whole lactation, counts of total, T, CD4 + and CD8 + 34 lymphocytes of females were generally lower with weaning at 42 dpp compared to 28 dpp. 35Moreover, counts of total, B and T lymphocytes in rabbit does weaned at 42 dpp correlated to 36 their body condition (+0.60 to 0.82; P<0.05), contrary to that observed in rabbit does weaned 37 at 28 dpp. Some correlations between lymphocyte counts in both does and weaning rabbits 38 were observed. At weaning, those young rabbits weaned at 42 dpp had a significantly lower 39 number of CD4 + lymphocytes than those weaned at 28 dpp (P<0.01). In conclusion, longer 40 lactation periods and major accumulated wear under prolonged reproduction rhythms could be 41 interpreted as a minor immunological level for adult rabbit does.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in multiparous rabbit does with two reproductive management rhythms

Guerrero

Ferrian

Blas

et al. 2011

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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“…In older cows, a decrease in lymphocyte types (γδT cell and B cells) has been shown, which might be associated with increased susceptibility to infection. [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase in white blood cell counts by pegbovigrastim in primiparous and multiparous grazing dairy cows and the interaction with prepartum body condition score and non-esterified fatty acids concentration

2021

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The objective of this study was to determine if parity affected the effect of pegbovigrastim (PEG) treatment on white blood cell (WBC) counts in grazing dairy cows. Additionally, the association of prepartum body condition score (BCS) and non-esterified fatty acid (Pre-NEFA) concentration with WBC counts was investigated. The effect of early-lactation disease was included in the statistical analysis. A randomized controlled trial on four commercial grazing dairy farms was performed. Holstein primiparous (Control = 87, PEG = 89) and multiparous (Control = 181, PEG = 184) cows were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: first PEG dose 8 ± 5 (mean ± SD) days before the expected calving date and a second dose within 24 h after calving (PEG) compared to untreated controls (Control). Treatment effects were evaluated with mixed linear regression models. Treatment with PEG increased WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts at 6 ± 1 (mean ± SD) days in milk. Parity, BCS and their interactions with treatment were not associated with WBC counts. In control cows, Pre-NEFA concentration was associated with reduced WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts and tended to be associated with reduced monocyte counts. Pegbovigrastim treatment reversed the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with neutrophil and monocyte counts and tended to reverse the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with WBC counts. In the PEG treated group, cows diagnosed with retained placenta or metritis showed lower neutrophil counts when compared to PEG treated cows without these clinical diseases. These data confirm that PEG treatment increases WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts in grazing dairy cows and that this effect is independent of parity. Pegbovigrastim treatment reversed the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with neutrophil and monocyte counts, and tended to reverse the negative association of Pre-NEFA concentration with WBC counts.

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“…Older cattle also have reduced conception rates so are exposed to more fertility injections (Hillers et al, 1984), which can increase exposure to BLV if needles or syringes are reused (Sprecher et al, 1991). In addition, older cows may have reduced immune function (Ohtsuka et al, 2009;Wojdak-Maksymiec et al, 2013). For example, older cows are at higher risk of co-infections and other diseases and undergo increased metabolic stress due to higher milk production (Alban, 1995;Seifi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in bovine leukemia virus serological status and lymphocyte count between dry-off and early lactation in Michigan dairy cows

Wisnieski

Norby

Gandy

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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This study addresses how the serological status of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and lymphocyte count fluctuate from dry-off to early lactation in dairy cattle. Very few studies have investigated how BLV antibody status and lymphocyte count of cows changes longitudinally during the lactation cycle. Blood samples were collected from dairy cattle (n = 149) on 5 commercial dairy herds in Michigan at dry-off, close-up, and 7 to 10 d after calving. Plasma was analyzed for anti-BLV antibodies using a BLV-ELISA and whole blood was analyzed for lymphocyte counts. We found that BLV seroprevalence increased from dry-off (38.9%) to closeup (43.6%), then slightly decreased from close-up to 7 to 10 d after calving (43.0%). However, the change in seroprevalence was only significant from dry-off to close-up. Cows of third or higher parity were more likely to seroconvert than cows of lower parity and had the highest ELISA-negative prevalence of BLV. Lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in ELISApositive animals, but only among second and third or greater parity animals. These results indicate that the use of lymphocyte counts as a disease severity monitoring tool for BLV should differ by parity group. Future studies should investigate if changes in seroprevalence are due to new infections or natural changes in antibody concentrations as the cow prepares for colostrum production. More accurate lymphocyte guidelines to be used for monitoring the progression of BLV should be created that consider parity and lactation stage.

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Age-Related Alterations in Peripheral Leukocyte Population of Healthy Holstein Dairy Cows during the Pre-Calving Period

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Evolution of the peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in multiparous rabbit does with two reproductive management rhythms

Evolution of the peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in multiparous rabbit does with two reproductive management rhythms

Increase in white blood cell counts by pegbovigrastim in primiparous and multiparous grazing dairy cows and the interaction with prepartum body condition score and non-esterified fatty acids concentration

Changes in bovine leukemia virus serological status and lymphocyte count between dry-off and early lactation in Michigan dairy cows

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