Age/order of acquisition effects and the cumulative learning of foreign words: A word training study

Izura, Cristina; Pérez, Miguel Á.; Agallou, Elizabeth; Wright, Victoria; Marín, Javier; Stadthagen-González, Hans; Ellis, Andrew W.

doi:10.1016/j.jml.2010.09.002

Cited by 54 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Johnston and Barry (2006) noted that identifying the relative effects of AoA and word frequency on naming and reading performance has been one of the fundamental conceptual issues. In line with Carroll and White's (1973a) initial finding that AoA rather than word frequency is the variable that affects lexical processing, a large number of studies have reported similar findings (e.g., Gerhand & Barry, 1998;Izura et al, 2011;Morrison & Ellis, 1995). In addition, some studies have reported independent effects of word frequency and AoA (e.g., Cortese & Khanna, 2007;A.…”

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confidence: 69%

Subjective age-of-acquisition norms for 600 Turkish words from four age groups

2016

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The main purpose of this study was to report agebased subjective age-of-acquisition (AoA) norms for 600 Turkish words. A total of 115 children, 100 young adults, 115 middle-aged adults, and 127 older adults provided AoA estimates for 600 words on a 7-point scale. The intraclass correlations suggested high reliability, and the AoA estimates were highly correlated across the four age groups. Children gave earlier AoA estimates than the three adult groups; this was true for high-frequency as well as low-frequency words. In addition to the means and standard deviations of the AoA estimates, we report word frequency, concreteness, and imageability ratings, as well as word length measures (numbers of syllables and letters), for the 600 words as supplemental materials. The present ratings represent a potentially useful database for researchers working on lexical processing as well as other aspects of cognitive processing, such as autobiographical memory.

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confidence: 69%

Subjective age-of-acquisition norms for 600 Turkish words from four age groups

2016

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“…The robust additional effect of AoA was expected on the basis of theories of word learning (Izura et al, 2011;Monaghan & Ellis, 2010) and theories of the organization of the semantic system Sailor et al, 2011;Steyvers & Tenenbaum, 2005). Researchers have been hampered in the use of this variable because of the scarcity of ratings available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second reason for an important contribution of AoA is that the order in which words are learned influences the speed with which their representations can be activated, independently of the total number of times that they have been encountered. Words learned first are easier to access than are words learned later (Izura et al, 2011;Monaghan & Ellis, 2010;Stadthagen-Gonzalez, Bowers, & Damian, 2004), possibly because their meaning is more accessible (Brysbaert, Van Wijnendaele, & De Deyne, 2000;Sailor, Zimmerman, & Sanders, 2011;Steyvers & Tenenbaum, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words

2012

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We present age-of-acquisition (AoA) ratings for 30,121 English content words (nouns, verbs, and adjectives). For data collection, this megastudy used the Web-based crowdsourcing technology offered by the Amazon Mechanical Turk. Our data indicate that the ratings collected in this way are as valid and reliable as those collected in laboratory conditions (the correlation between our ratings and those collected in the lab from U.S. students reached .93 for a subsample of 2,500 monosyllabic words). We also show that our AoA ratings explain a substantial percentage of the variance in the lexical-decision data of the English Lexicon Project, over and above the effects of log frequency, word length, and similarity to other words. This is true not only for the lemmas used in our rating study, but also for their inflected forms. We further discuss the relationships of AoA with other predictors of word recognition and illustrate the utility of AoA ratings for research on vocabulary growth. Keywords Word recognition . Age of acquisition . Ratings . Amazon Mechanical TurkResearchers using words as stimulus materials typically control or manipulate their stimuli on a number of variables.The four that are most commonly used are word frequency, word length, similarity to other words, and word onset. In this article, we will argue that age of acquisition (AoA) should be part of this list, and we provide ratings for a substantial number of words in order to do so. First, however, we will discuss the evidence in favor of the big four.

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“…The benefits of early learning in object and word recognition are consistent across both participants and languages, and are U. Urooj et al / NeuroImage 87 (2014) 252-264 253 observed over and above the contributions of other factors such as object familiarity and word frequency (Ghyselinck et al, 2004;Izura et al, 2011;Pérez, 2007). In the only previous neuroimaging study of AoA effects in object recognition, Ellis et al (2006) presented pictures of early and late acquired objects to participants for covert naming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Interactions between visual and semantic processing during object recognition revealed by modulatory effects of age of acquisition

et al. 2014

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Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University's research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher's website (a subscription may be required.)Interactions between visual and semantic processing during object recognition revealed by modulatory effects of age of acquisition The age of acquisition (AoA) of objects and their names is a powerful determinant of processing speed in adulthood, with early-acquired objects being recognized and named faster than late-acquired objects. Previous research using fMRI . Traces of vocabulary acquisition in the brain: evidence from covert object naming. NeuroImage 33,[958][959][960][961][962][963][964][965][966][967][968] found that AoA modulated the strength of BOLD responses in both occipital and left anterior temporal cortex during object naming. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to explore in more detail the nature of the influence of AoA on activity in those two regions. Covert object naming recruited a network within the left hemisphere that is familiar from previous research, including visual, left occipito-temporal, anterior temporal and inferior frontal regions. Region of interest (ROI) analyses found that occipital cortex generated a rapid evoked response (~ 75-200 ms at 0-40 Hz) that peaked at 95 ms but was not modulated by AoA. That response was followed by a complex of later occipital responses that extended from ~ 300 to 850 ms and were stronger to early-than late-acquired items from ~ 325 to 675 ms at 10-20 Hz in the induced rather than the evoked component. Left anterior temporal cortex showed an evoked response that occurred significantly later than the first occipital response (~ 100-400 ms at 0-10 Hz with a peak at 191 ms) and was stronger to early-than late-acquired items from ~ 100 to 300 ms at 2-12 Hz. A later anterior temporal response from ~ 550 to 1050 ms at 5-20 Hz was not modulated by AoA. The results indicate that the initial analysis of object forms in visual cortex is not influenced by AoA. A fastforward sweep of activation from occipital and left anterior temporal cortex t...

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Age/order of acquisition effects and the cumulative learning of foreign words: A word training study

Cited by 54 publications

References 101 publications

Subjective age-of-acquisition norms for 600 Turkish words from four age groups

Subjective age-of-acquisition norms for 600 Turkish words from four age groups

Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words

Interactions between visual and semantic processing during object recognition revealed by modulatory effects of age of acquisition

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