Age of Mineralization of the Candelaria Fe Oxide Cu-Au Deposit and the Origin of the Chilean Iron Belt, Based on Re-Os Isotopes

Mathur, Ryan; Marschik, Robert; Ruíz, Joaquin; Munizaga, Francisco; Leveille, Richard A.; Martin, Walter

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.97.1.59

Cited by 89 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Previous Re-Os work on sulfides and magnetite from the world class Candelaria IOCG deposit in northern Chile yielded a Re-Os isochron with an initial 187 Os/ 188 Os ratio of 0.36 ± 0.10 and a 110 ± 9 Ma age (n = 5; MSWD = 1.4), which is consistent with two ReOs molybdenite ages (115.2 ± 0.6 Ma, 114.2 ± 0.6 Ma; Mathur et al, 2002). Based on their data, these authors concluded that the Candelaria ores are most likely of magmatichydrothermal origin and derived from a mixture of crustal and mantle components.…”

Section: Source Of Metals In the Chilean Iocg Clansupporting

confidence: 78%

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Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

Barra

Reich

Selby

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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'Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan : a Re-Os isotope approach.', Ore geology reviews., 81 (Part 1). pp. 62-78. Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T Chilean IOCGs is the result of different events with metals derived from diverse sources i.e., the magmatic-hydrothermal system and basement/host rocks. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTRhenium and Os concentrations for the various studied deposits vary over a wide range of values at the ppb and ppt level, respectively, with many sulfides and magnetite bearing appreciable no common Os. The Re and Os contents in sulfides (pyrite, IOCGs in China and Australia argue for the involvement of a much more radiogenic crustal source possibly related to non-magmatic oxidized saline brines that leached basement rocks. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTWe conclude that Andean IOCG (and IOA) deposits in northern Chile were formed mainly by magmatic-hydrothermal processes related to the formation and emplacement of plutonic rocks with moderate contribution from leaching of basement and/or volcanic host rocks. Surface or basin-derived brines as well as sediments appear to play only a minor role in the formation of the Chilean IOCG clan.

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Section: Source Of Metals In the Chilean Iocg Clansupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Calculated initial Os ratios for Mantoverde were even lower (n = 2; 0.20 ± 0.05) supporting a magmatic-hydrothermal origin for these IOCGs (Mathur et al, 2002).…”

Section: Source Of Metals In the Chilean Iocg Clanmentioning

confidence: 82%

Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

Barra

Reich

Selby

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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“…These concentrations are among the lowest reported for molybdenite and are several orders of magnitude lower than those determined for sample JZ-16 (Table 4) and for molybdenite from other IOCG (e.g., Candelaria, Chile; Mathur et al, 2002) and porphyry copper deposits (e.g., Barra et al, 2003;Berzina et al, 2005). X-ray diffraction showed that this Re-poor molybdenite has a 2H structure.…”

Section: Re-os Isotopes In Molybdenitecontrasting

confidence: 53%

Geology, Geochronology, and Hf and Pb Isotope Data of the Raul-Condestable Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold Deposit, Central Coast of Peru

et al. 2006

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Raúl-Condestable is a >32 million metric ton (Mt) iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) deposit located on the Peruvian coast, 90 km south of Lima. The ore occurs as veins, replacement "mantos," and disseminations consisting of a chalcopyrite-pyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite-amphibole mineral association. The geology of the studied area comprises a series of superposed volcanic edifices of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age, which are part of a larger volcanic island to continental arc system. Particularly good exposures of the tilted host sequence allow the mapping of the Raúl-Condestable IOCG deposit in a nearly complete oblique cross section, from its associated volcanic edifice down to a paleodepth of about 6 km.U-Pb zircon ages indicate that in the deposit area felsic magmatic activity took place between 116.7 ± 0.4 and 114.5 ± 1 Ma, defining a new Raúl-Condestable superunit, the oldest so far, of the Peruvian Coastal batholith. This superunit is located west of the main part of the batholith and includes a dacite-andesite volcanic dome and a subvolcanic quartz-diorite porphyry sill-dike complex that were emplaced at 116.7 ± 0.4 and 116.4 ±0.3 Ma, respectively, followed by tonalite stocks and dikes emplaced between 115.1 ± 0.4 and 114.5 ± 1 Ma. All these rocks contain hornblende and/or biotite but no pyroxene and correspond to silica-and waterrich magmas following a calcic differentiation trend. Hf isotope data on zircons (εHf(115 Ma) = 5.2-7.5) and Pb isotope data on whole rock, combined with lithogeochemical results, suggest that magmas were generated by partial melting of the upper mantle, enriched through hydrous metasomatism and/or melting of subducted pelagic sediments. The lack of zircon inheritance suggests that there was no direct involvement of continental crust.The Raúl-Condestable IOCG deposit is connected in space and time with the magmatism of the Raúl-Condestable superunit. The mineralization was emplaced in the core of the dacite-andesite volcanic dome at a paleodepth of 2 to 3 km, surrounding two tonalitic intrusions formed at 115.1 ± 0.4 and 114.8 ± 0.4 Ma. The U-Pb age of hydrothermal titanite from IOCG veins at 115.2 ± 0.3 Ma indicates that the mineralization was coeval with (or more probably just followed) the emplacement of the tonalites. Re-Os geochronology on molybdenite did not yield reliable ages due to apparent Re loss. Copper ore is associated with a zoned alteration pattern, which surrounds the tonalite intrusions. It consists of a core of biotite alteration and quartz stockwork, †

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“…The Re-Os system has been applied as both a geochronometer in molybdenite and as a tracer of the source of metals by direct determination of the source of Os in the ore minerals [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. Elevated initial 187 Os/…”

Section: Precious/base Metal Endowment In Parent Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Os ratios (0.5-2.5) that are substantially more radiogenic than mantle indicate a contribution by a crust source (recycled in a metasomatized mantle, lower/upper continental crust) by inference other metals of porphyry Cu deposits and have been used to discern the influence of different reservoir [57,62]. On the basis of the initial 187 Os/…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Factors Controlling Pd and Pt Potential in Porphyry Cu–Au Deposits: Evidence from the Balkan Peninsula

Eliopoulos

Economou-Eliopoulos

Zelyaskova-Panayiotova

2014

Geosciences

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Porphyry Cu-Au-Pd±Pt deposits are significant Au resources, but their Pd and Pt potential is still unknown. Elevated Pd, Pt (hundreds of ppb) and Au contents are associated with typical stockwork magnetite-bornite-chalcopyrite assemblages, at the central parts of certain porphyry deposits. Unexpected high grade Cu-(Pd+Pt) (up to 6 ppm) mineralization with high Pd/Pt ratios at the Elatsite porphyry deposit, which is found in a spatial association with the Chelopech epithermal deposit (Bulgaria) and the Skouries porphyry deposit, may have formed during late stages of an evolved hydrothermal system. Estimated Pd, Pt and Au potential for porphyry deposits is consistent with literature model calculations demonstrating the capacity of aqueous vapor and brine to scavenge sufficient quantities of Pt and Pd, and could contribute to the global platinum-group element (PGE) production. Critical requirements controlling potential of porphyry deposits may be from the metals contained in magma (metasomatized asthenospheric mantle wedge as indicated by significant Cr, Co, Ni and Re contents). The Cr content may be an indicator for the mantle input.

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Age of Mineralization of the Candelaria Fe Oxide Cu-Au Deposit and the Origin of the Chilean Iron Belt, Based on Re-Os Isotopes

Cited by 89 publications

References 62 publications

Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

Geology, Geochronology, and Hf and Pb Isotope Data of the Raul-Condestable Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold Deposit, Central Coast of Peru

Critical Factors Controlling Pd and Pt Potential in Porphyry Cu–Au Deposits: Evidence from the Balkan Peninsula

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