Age of acquisition effects in recognition without identification tasks

Catling, Jonathan; Pymont, Carly; Johnston, R. A.; Elsherif, Mahmoud Medhat; Clark, Rachel; Kendall, E.J.M.

doi:10.1080/09658211.2021.1931695

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Based on the literature review, supporting evidence has demonstrated that the access to perceptual, phonological and semantic representations during reading and pictorial processing is where the AoA effect comes from. Specifically, AoA effects have been shown in a range of tasks that require lexical access and articulation not necessitating semantic processing (e.g., Barry et al, 2001; Baumann & Ritt, 2018; Elsherif et al, 2020; Gerhand & Barry, 1998, 1999b; Morrison et al, 1992) and in tasks that necessitate access to semantics but not phonology (for example, Brysbaert et al, 2000; Catling et al, 2021; Catling & Elsherif, 2020; Catling & Johnston, 2006a, 2009; Ellis et al, 2006; Holmes & Ellis, 2006; Johnston & Barry, 2005; Moore et al, 2004; Morrison & Gibbons, 2006; Palmer & Havelka, 2010; Preece, 2015; Räling et al, 2015, 2016, 2017; Stadthagen-Gonzalez et al, 2004, 2009; Vitkovitch & Tyrrell, 1995; but see Bonin et al, 2006; Chalard & Bonin, 2006).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Aoa Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-of-acquisition effects: A literature review.

Elsherif¹,

Preece²,

Catling³

2023

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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and the current review conclude that AoA effects are likely to have three potential sources: first, due to plasticity mechanisms within the connections between levels of representations (between perceptual/orthography, semantic and/or phonology), second, through the levels of connectivity within the semantic system, and third, competition between concepts within the semantic system, such that a unique concept must be chosen from its competitors or several word candidates). However, within this review we have taken the second source and subsumed it under a "multiple loci" account such that the AoA effect is situated in more than one specific linguistic system (i.e., perceptual/orthographic, semantic and phonological). It should be noted that these three sources can be viewed as M. M. Elsherif https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-3998 We thank Magdalena Grose-Hodge and Vikki Anderson for proofreading the article.

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Section: Evaluation Of Aoa Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-of-acquisition effects: A literature review.

Elsherif¹,

Preece²,

Catling³

2023

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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“…The more general conclusion is that lateral inhibition is primarily driven by phonology, while orthography contributes to sublexical facilitation. Future research should use a subtraction approach to assess the sequential activation processes from LDT to visual word naming and subtract the latencies of visual word naming from the latencies of LDT to provide a phonological access value ( Catling & Elsherif, 2020 ; Santiago et al, 2000 ), assess which component affects lexical retrieval, especially when details of the specific item is unidentified or unretrieved (e.g., recognition without identification paradigm; Catling et al, 2021 ) or using a creative destruction approach (i.e., pre-specifying alternative results by competing hypotheses on a complex set of experimental findings; Tierney et al, 2020 ; Tierney et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Theoretical Implicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonological precision for word recognition in skilled readers

Elsherif

Wheeldon

Frisson

2021

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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According to the lexical quality hypothesis (Perfetti, 2007), differences in the orthographic, semantic, and phonological representations of words will affect individual reading performance. Whilst several studies have focused on orthographic precision and semantic coherence, few have considered phonological precision. The present study used a suite of individual difference measures to assess which components of lexical quality contributed to competition resolution in a masked priming experiment. The experiment measured form priming for word and pseudoword targets with dense and sparse neighbourhoods in 84 university students. Individual difference measures of language and cognitive skills were also collected and a principal component analysis was used to group these data into components. The data showed that phonological precision and NHD interacted with form priming. In participants with high phonological precision, the direction of priming for word targets with sparse neighbourhoods was facilitatory, while the direction for those with dense neighbourhoods was inhibitory. In contrast, people with low phonological precision showed the opposite pattern, but the interaction was non-significant. These results suggest that the component of phonological precision is linked to lexical competition for word recognition and that access to the mental lexicon during reading is affected by differing levels of phonological processing.

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“…Both orthographic and phonological precision produce activation in the lexical representation of the items, though with orthographic information used somewhat earlier than phonological information (see also Frisson et al, 2014). Future research should use a subtraction approach to assess the sequential activation processes from LDT to visual word naming and subtract the latencies of visual word naming from the latencies of LDT to provide a phonological access value (Catling & Elsherif, 2020;Santiago et al, 2000), assess which component affects lexical retrieval, especially when details of the specific item is unidentified or unretrieved (e.g., recognition without identification paradigm; Catling et al, 2021), or using a creative destruction approach (i.e., pre-specifying alternative results by competing hypotheses on a complex set of experimental findings; Tierney et al, 2020;Tierney et al, 2021).…”

Section: The Role Of Lqh In Masked Priming For Word and Pseudoword Ta...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthographic precision for word naming in skilled readers

Elsherif

Frisson

Wheeldon

2022

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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Perfetti (2007) proposed that the quality of lexical representations affects reading. We investigated the role of lexical quality in decoding. Eighty-four adults read aloud words and pseudowords with dense and sparse neighbourhoods in a masked form-priming experiment. Individual-difference measures of language and cognitive processes were collected and entered into a principal component analysis (PCA). Compared to a non-overlapping control prime, we observed greater facilitatory formpriming for word targets with sparse neighbourhoods than those with dense neighbourhoods. A PCA component related to orthographic precision affected form-priming: people with low orthographic precision showed greater facilitation for words with sparse neighbourhoods, primed by pseudowords, than those with dense neighbourhoods. People with high orthographic precision demonstrated the converse, only when primed by words. For pseudoword reading, word primes facilitated more than pseudoword primes in people with low orthographic precision. People with high orthographic precision showed the opposite pattern.

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Age of acquisition effects in recognition without identification tasks

Cited by 6 publications

References 71 publications

Age-of-acquisition effects: A literature review.

Age-of-acquisition effects: A literature review.

Phonological precision for word recognition in skilled readers

Orthographic precision for word naming in skilled readers

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