Age-group Differences in Trust-related Decision-making and Learning

Horta, Marilyn; Shoenfelt, Alayna; Lighthall, Nichole R.; Perez, Eliany; Frazier, Ian; Heemskerk, Amber; Lin, Tian; Wilson, Robert; Ebner, Natalie C.

doi:10.31234/osf.io/4hsu7

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Moving forward, investigations will need to test the replicability of these findings and may utilize advanced computational modeling with neuroimaging data to determine distinguishing neurocognitive processes between non-social and social learning and decision making (e.g., neural networks subserving social cognition). The S-IGT can also be launched into clinical populations with potential deficits in trust-related learning and social decision making such as Parkinson's disease (Javor et al, 2015) in addition to studies in healthy aging (Horta et al, 2023) to more precisely identify the mechanisms underlying learning and decision making in these populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Iowa Gambling Task (S-IGT): A Novel Paradigm for Investigating Social Learning and Decision Making

Perez,

Shoenfelt,

Lighthall

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The unique distinctions between non-social and social learning and decision making are largely unknown. Facial cues, critical in forming first impressions of trustworthiness, may influence maladaptive social learning, such as prioritizing appearances over actions and settling for satisfactory outcomes. To test this, we augmented a well-established measure of learning and decision making, the Iowa Gambling Task, to examine the role of social (face)cues in learning. Our newly developed Social Iowa Gambling Task (S-IGT) includes: 1) the experimental manipulation of facial cues of trustworthiness; 2) the incorporation of two conditions in which the dis/advantageous decks are represented by un/trustworthy faces (i.e., congruent condition; CS-IGT) and vice versa (i.e., incongruent condition; IS-IGT); and (3) a non-social control condition. With these features, the new S-IGT goes beyond widely used multi-round trust games and expands on their ability to model the influence of social context during decision making. Across three studies, 558participants were randomly assigned to complete either the IGT or one of the two conditions of the S-IGT (i.e., in/congruent). Participants showed the best initial performance in the CS-IGT, but also evidenced the least improvement over time in this condition and most disadvantageous decision making after learning (i.e., during the last block). Results from this novel task support the notion that congruence between facial cues of trustworthiness and behavior can inhibit learning and result in inadequate/suboptimal decision making, perhaps because they promote satisficing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Iowa Gambling Task (S-IGT): A Novel Paradigm for Investigating Social Learning and Decision Making

Perez,

Shoenfelt,

Lighthall

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Older compared to younger adults, however, rated neutral untrustworthy-looking faces as more trustworthy and showed dampened amygdala response to them [ 76 ] (see also [ 77 ]). Using a novel dynamic trust-learning paradigm modeled after the Iowa Gambling Task [ 78 , 79 ], older relative to younger adults were less able to override an initial face bias (i.e., to select card decks represented by faces objectively rated as high in trustworthiness when those decks consistently resulted in negative financial outcomes [ 80 ]), supporting the notion that first impressions of facial trustworthiness bias behavior in aging by increasing older adults’ difficulty in detecting the “wolf in sheep’s clothing”, heightening vulnerability to fraud and exploitation.…”

Section: Deceptive Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial Fraud and Deception in Aging

2023

Adv Geriatr Med Res

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Financial exploitation among older adults is a significant concern with often devastating consequences for individuals and society. Deception plays a critical role in financial exploitation, and detecting deception is challenging, especially for older adults. Susceptibility to deception in older adults is heightened by age-related changes in cognition, such as declines in processing speed and working memory, as well as socioemotional factors, including positive affect and social isolation. Additionally, neurobiological changes with age, such as reduced cortical volume and altered functional connectivity, are associated with declining deception detection and increased risk for financial exploitation among older adults. Furthermore, characteristics of deceptive messages, such as personal relevance and framing, as well as visual cues such as faces, can influence deception detection. Understanding the multifaceted factors that contribute to deception risk in aging is crucial for developing interventions and strategies to protect older adults from financial exploitation. Tailored approaches, including age-specific warnings and harmonizing artificial intelligence as well as human-centered approaches, can help mitigate the risks and protect older adults from fraud.

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“…Older compared to young adults, however, rated neutral untrustworthy-looking faces as more trustworthy and showed dampened amygdala response to them [76] (see also [77]). Using a novel dynamic trust-learning paradigm modeled after the Iowa Gambling Task [78,79], older relative to young adults were less able to override an initial face bias (i.e., to select card decks represented by faces objectively rated as high in trustworthiness when those decks consistently resulted in negative financial outcomes [80]), supporting the notion that first impressions of facial trustworthiness bias behavior in aging by increasing older adults' difficulty in detecting the "wolf in sheep's clothing", heightening vulnerability to fraud and exploitation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial Fraud and Deception in Aging

Ebner¹,

Pehlivanoglu²,

Shoenfelt³

2023

Preprint

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Financial exploitation among older adults is a significant concern with often devastating consequences for individuals and society. Deception p lays a critical role in financial exploitation, and detecting deception is challenging, especially for older adults. Susceptibility to deception in older adults is heightened by age -related changes in cognition, such as declines in processing speed and working memory, as well as socioemotional factors, including positive affect and social isolation. Additionally, neurobiological changes with age, such as reduced cortical volume and altered functional connectivity, are associated with declining deception detection and increased risk for financial exploitation among older adults. Furthermore, characteristics of deceptive messages, such as personal relevance and framing, as well as visual cues such as faces, can influence deception detection. Understanding the multi faceted factors that contribute to deception risk in aging is crucial for developing interventions and strategies to protect older adults from financial exploitation. Tailored approaches, including age-specific warnings and harmonizing artificial intelligence as well as human-centered approaches, can help mitigate the risks and protect older adults from exploitation.

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Age-group Differences in Trust-related Decision-making and Learning

Cited by 3 publications

References 80 publications

The Social Iowa Gambling Task (S-IGT): A Novel Paradigm for Investigating Social Learning and Decision Making

The Social Iowa Gambling Task (S-IGT): A Novel Paradigm for Investigating Social Learning and Decision Making

Financial Fraud and Deception in Aging

Financial Fraud and Deception in Aging

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