Age, gender, and local geographic variations of viral etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in a hyperendemic area for hepatitis B virus infection

Lee, Chuan–Mo; Lu, Sheng–Nan; Changchien, Chi‐Sin; Yeh, Chi-Ju; Hsu, Tsung-Teng; Tang, Jui-Hsiang; Wang, Jing‐Houng; Lin, Deng‐Yn; Chen, Chao‐Long; Chen, Wei-Jen

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19991001)86:7<1143::aid-cncr7>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 161 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Maleto-female ratios are around 3 in high-risk countries [43], and they tend to be higher in patients with HBV than in those with HCV [44][45][46].…”

Section: Male Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma

et al. 2010

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Introduction The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) convened an international working party on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in December 2008 to develop consensus recommendations. Methods The working party consisted of expert hepatologist, hepatobiliary surgeon, radiologist, and oncologist from Asian-Pacific region, who were requested to make drafts prior to the consensus meeting held at Bali, Indonesia on 4 December 2008. The quality of existing evidence and strength of recommendations were ranked from 1 (highest) to 5 (lowest) and from A (strongest) to D (weakest), respectively, according to the Oxford system of evidence-based approach for developing the consensus statements. 123Hepatol Int (2010) 4: 439-474 DOI 10.1007/s12072-010-9165-7 Results Participants of the consensus meeting assessed the quality of cited studies and assigned grades to the recommendation statements. Finalized recommendations were presented at the fourth APASL single topic conference on viral-related HCC at Bali, Indonesia and approved by the participants of the conference.

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“…Maleto-female ratios are around 3 in high-risk countries [43], and they tend to be higher in patients with HBV than in those with HCV [44][45][46].…”

Section: Male Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma

et al. 2010

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“…In our previous studies of HCC patients, we found that the geographic variation in HBsAg prevalence was smaller than that in anti-HCV prevalence. 18 Thus, we focused on the latter. We included patients from 1994 to 2001 for analysis because anti-HCV data were not universally available in Taiwan before 1994.…”

Section: Geographic Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8a). Anti-HCV prevalence was statistically significantly lower in Hualien county (18 The mean anti-HCV prevalence for female HCC patients in Taiwan was 56.7% (95% confidence interval: 54.4 59.0%). Anti-HCV prevalence for female HCC patients was statistically significantly higher in Chiayi city (87.8%, SMR 5 1.55), Yunlin county (68.3%, SMR 5 1.2) and Tainan county (67.2%, SMR 5 1.18) (Fig.…”

Section: Geographic Variations In Anti-hcv Prevalence Of Hcc Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Reportedly, of the HCC cases in Taiwan as a whole, about 70-80% is related to HBV infection and 10-30% is related to HCV infection. 5,[15][16][17][18] Thus, HBV is the leading cause of HCC, while HCV is the second cause of HCC in Taiwan. However, in geographic areas with high prevalences of HCV infection, 19,18 HCV may be the main cause of HCC.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,[15][16][17][18] Thus, HBV is the leading cause of HCC, while HCV is the second cause of HCC in Taiwan. However, in geographic areas with high prevalences of HCV infection, 19,18 HCV may be the main cause of HCC. 19 This suggests that etiologies of HCC vary among different geographic areas of Taiwan.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Secular trends and geographic variations of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan

Yang

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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122

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Etiological variations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exist across different geographic areas. To gain better control of HCC, we retrospectively studied the secular trends and geographic variations in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCCs in Taiwan. A total of 18,423 HCC cases enrolled in 8 medical centers from 1981 to 2001 were reviewed. Overall, 67% of male HCC in Taiwan was related to HBV infection whereas 55.2% of female HCC in Taiwan was related to HCV infection. The mean age of patients with HBV-related HCC was 53.2 6 13.6 years, while the mean age of patients with HCV-related HCC was 65.1 6 9.1 years (p < 0.001). The male/female ratio was 6.4 for HBV-related HCC, while it was 1.7 for the HCV-related HCC (p < 0.001). The percentage of HBV-related HCC progressively decreased from 81.5 to 66.2% in males, and from 66.7 to 41.4% in females over the study period. Our study demonstrates that the percentage of HBV-related HCC has progressively decreased over the last 20 years. The relative decrease in HBV-related HCC was not due to a decrease in HBV-related HCC death. Instead, it was caused by an increase in HCV-related HCC. Prevention of new HCV infection and the treatment of chronic hepatitis C should be the primary goals, which will result in better control of HCC in the future, even in an HBV-endemic area like Taiwan. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatitis B virus; hepatitis C virus; secular trend; geographic variation; Taiwan Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Since 1984, it has been the leading cause of cancer death in Taiwan, 1 accounting for approximately 7,000 death annually. In addition, around 8,000 new HCC cases are diagnosed each year. 2 High-risk groups for HCC include patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), liver cirrhosis patients, and people with a family history of HCC. Chronic HBV and HCV infections are the 2 major etiologies of HCC in Taiwan. 3 About 15-20% of the general population in Taiwan are chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). 4 HBV carriers have a 20-to 98-fold increased risk of HCC, 5,6 especially among the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive group. 7 A recent prospective study has further confirmed that positivity for HBeAg is associated with an increased risk of HCC. 8 To combat HBV infection in Taiwan, a mass immunization program has been launched on July 1, 1984, aiming first at the prevention of perinatal mother-to-infant, chronic HBV infection. 9 This nationwide vaccination program has markedly decreased the HBV carrier rate 10 and childhood HBVrelated HCCs (B-HCCs). 11 An 80-85% decrease in HCC among Taiwanese adults up to 3-4 decades later is anticipated. 12 The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody (anti-HCV) is 2-4% among the general population of Taiwan, 13 while it ranges from 0.95 to 2.2% in Taiwanese blood donors. 13,14 The anti-HCV prevalen...

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Risk Factors, Patterns, and Outcomes of Late Recurrence After Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

et al. 2019

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IMPORTANCE Late recurrence (more than 2 years) after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally considered as a multicentric tumor or a de novo cancer. OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors, patterns, and outcomes of late recurrence after curative liver resection for HCC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study was a multicenter retrospective analysis of patients who underwent curative liver resection for HCC at 6 hospitals in China from January 2001 to December 2015. Among 734 patients who were alive and free of recurrence at 2 years after resection, 303 patients developed late recurrence. Data were analyzed from June 2017 to February 2018. INTERVENTIONS Liver resection for HCC. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Risk factors of late recurrence as well as patterns, treatments, and long-term outcomes of patients with late recurrence. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors of late recurrence. RESULTS Of the included 734 patients, 652 (88.8%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 51.0 (10.3) years. At a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 78.0 (52.8-112.5) months, 303 patients (41.3%) developed late recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that male sex, cirrhosis, multiple tumors, satellite nodules, tumor size greater than 5 cm, and macroscopic and microscopic vascular invasion were independent risk factors of late recurrence. Of the 303 patients with late recurrence, 273 (90.1%) had only intrahepatic recurrence, 30 (9.9%) had both intrahepatic and extrahepatic recurrence, and none had only extrahepatic recurrence. Potentially curative treatments were given to 165 of 303 patients (54.5%) with late recurrence, which included reresection, transplant, and local ablation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that regular surveillance for postoperative recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 0.470; 95% CI, 0.310-0.713;

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Age, gender, and local geographic variations of viral etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in a hyperendemic area for hepatitis B virus infection

Cited by 161 publications

References 55 publications

Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma

Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma

Secular trends and geographic variations of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan

Risk Factors, Patterns, and Outcomes of Late Recurrence After Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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