Age, Food, and Migration of Sea-run Cutthroat Trout, Salmo clarki, at Eva Lake, Southeastern Alaska

Armstrong, Robert H.

doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1971)100<302:afamos>2.0.co;2

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Bahr & Shrimpton, 2004). Similarly, anadromous cutthroat trout migrate to lakes in natal or non-natal systems to overwinter (Armstrong, 1971;Jones & Seifert, 1997).…”

Section: Rearing Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Arostegui

Quinn

2019

Fish and Fisheries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salmonid fishes may reside within or migrate between stream and lake habitats, or undergo anadromous migrations between freshwater and the ocean. While the degree of anadromy of salmonids has been thoroughly compared, no analogous review has examined the degree of lake use. To assess the extent of reliance on lake habitat in this family, we considered 16 species of salmon, trout and charr from the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, comparing their (a) use of lakes as spawning habitat, (b) rearing strategies in lakes, and (c) occurrence and diversity of lacustrine trophic polymorphism. In identifying the primary life‐history patterns of each species and exploring the lesser‐known lacustrine behaviours, we found that the extent of reliance on lakes exhibits a negative association with the degree of anadromy. Oncorhynchus rely least on lakes, Salmo to an intermediate level and Salvelinus the most, opposite of the general prevalence of anadromy among these genera. Lakes are critical to adfluvial and lake‐resident salmonids, but they also support anadromous and fluvial life histories by providing spawning, rearing, overwintering and/or summer refuge habitat. Adfluviality, although a non‐anadromous life history, consists of similar migration‐related traits and behaviours as anadromy, including the parr–smolt transformation, sex‐biased patterns of migration and residency, and the presence of precocious males. Lakes support life‐history variants, reproductive ecotypes and trophic morphs unique to lacustrine habitat. Therefore, conservation of salmonids is dependent on maintaining the diversity and quality of their habitats, including lakes.

show abstract

“…Bahr & Shrimpton, 2004). Similarly, anadromous cutthroat trout migrate to lakes in natal or non-natal systems to overwinter (Armstrong, 1971;Jones & Seifert, 1997).…”

Section: Rearing Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Arostegui

Quinn

2019

Fish and Fisheries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to the fact that not all sea-run cutthroat trout are mature when returning from the sea, the timing of cutthroat trout migration, hence the state of maturity, varies among areas. For example, in Eva Lake, Alaska the seaward migration was primarily in May and June and the return in September (Armstrong, 1971;Figure 4, top panel). Sand Creek, on the coast of Oregon, showed a longer period of marine residence, from April-May through October-December (Sumner, 1962;Figure 4, middle panel).…”

Section: State Of Maturity Attained At Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anadromy and the marine migrations of Pacific salmon and trout: Rounsefell revisited

Quinn

Myers

2004

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

179

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

page 421 Introduction 421 Extent of migration at sea Duration of stay in the sea and in fresh water State of maturity attained at sea Spawning habits and habitat Mortality after spawning Occurrence of fresh water forms Linkages among life history traits 436 Acknowledgements 438 References 438 AbstractAnadromy is a defining trait in salmonid fishes but it is expressed to different extents among the species in the family, as reviewed in a classic paper by Rounsefell (1958). The present paper re-examines the subject, assessing the degree of anadromy within the genus Oncorhynchus, using Rounsefell's six criteria: extent of migrations at sea, duration of stay at sea, state of maturity attained at sea, spawning habits and habitats, post-spawning mortality, and occurrence of freshwater forms of the species. The genus ranges from pink salmon (O. gorbuscha), the most fully anadromous species in the family, to entirely non-anadromous species closely related to rainbow trout (O. mykiss), including Mexican golden trout (O. chrysogaster), Gila and Apache trout (O. gilae), and sub-species of cutthroat trout (O. clarki). This paper provides updated information on anadromy and marine migration patterns, emphasizing the iteroparous species, cutthroat (O. clarki) and rainbow (O. mykiss) trout. These two species display widely ranging patterns of anadromy, including truly ''landlocked'' populations and residents with easy access to the sea. Anadromous rainbow trout (known as steelhead) populations also vary greatly in their distribution at sea, incidence of repeat spawning, and associated traits. We conclude, as did Rounsefell, that anadromy is not a single trait with two conditions (anadromous or non-anadromous). Rather, it reflects a suite of life history traits that are expressed as points along continua for each species and population. Further research is needed in the marine ecology of all species but especially trout, as they are less well known but apparently more variable in patterns of anadromy and life history than salmon species.

show abstract

“…The Dolly Varden was the dominant species in high-gradient reaches in a set of small streams in the Maybeso Creek watershed, Prince of Wales Island (Bryant et al 2004). Resident and anadromous cutthroat trout and resident Dolly Varden may also use headwater streams for spawning (Armstrong 1971). Dolly Varden in spawning condition were observed in the highest reaches of the Maybeso Creek tributaries (Bryant et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Seasonal Movement of Dolly Varden and Cutthroat Trout with Respect to Stream Discharge in a Second‐Order Stream in Southeast Alaska

Bryant

Lukey

McDonell

et al. 2009

N American J Fish Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship between the movement of small (<150‐mm) Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma and cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii and stream discharge is not well known in streams of southeast Alaska. We measured movement in a small headwater stream using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and stationary antennas to record time and date of movement. Fish with PIT tags were detected by transceivers and stationary antennas in the stream. The date and time of detection at an antenna were matched with stream discharge (m3/s) at the same date and time. Most Dolly Varden moved upstream during late summer and early fall. Most cutthroat trout movement was in May, and movement declined through the summer. Few fish moved during the winter. Most fish moved within a narrow discharge range, with a few moving at higher discharges. More than 97% of fish from both species were detected as moving upstream at discharges below the 5% exceedance level during the 4‐year period of discharge measurements. Dolly Varden and cutthroat trout moved throughout the entire length of usable habitat in the stream. Connectivity throughout watersheds even within headwater streams is important and can be maintained for these species by use of road crossings that ensure passage over a range of flow conditions such as those described here.

show abstract

Age, Food, and Migration of Sea-run Cutthroat Trout, Salmo clarki, at Eva Lake, Southeastern Alaska

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Anadromy and the marine migrations of Pacific salmon and trout: Rounsefell revisited

Seasonal Movement of Dolly Varden and Cutthroat Trout with Respect to Stream Discharge in a Second‐Order Stream in Southeast Alaska

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About