Age estimation from the sternal end of the fourth rib: A study of the validity of İşcan’s Method in Tunisian male population

Salem, Nidhal Haj; Aissaoui, Abir; Mesrati, Mohamed Amine; Belhadj, Meriem; Quatrehomme, Gérald; Chadly, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2014.06.007

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Iscan et al (1984a) claimed that costal cartilages can be used for estimating ages under 30 years (range of 3 to 5 years) and over 30 years old (range of 8 to 13 years) in males, and under 31 years (range, 4 to 6 years) and over 33 years (range, 11 to 15 years) in females (Iscan et al 1985). However, the authors note that the estimation error is large for cases over 40 years (Cerezo-Roman and Hernandez Espinoza 2014;Haj Salem et al 2014) and this is also associated with a larger inter-observer error. There are few methods to estimate age in older people because of large individual differences Fanton et al 2010;Hartnett 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Calcification can be observed histologically during the first decade of life, and radiologically after the second decade (Rejtarova et al 2009). Many studies have used the fourth costal cartilage for estimating age (Iscan et al 1984a(Iscan et al , b, 1985Inoi 1997;Dedouit et al 2008;Fanton et al 2010;Verzeletti et al 2013;Cerezo-Roman and Hernandez Espinoza 2014;Haj Salem et al 2014), and some researchers have analyzed the first ribs (King 1939;Kampen et al 1995;Barchilon et al 1996;Kunos et al 1999), showing that calcification of the costal cartilage of the first rib is different to that of the other ribs (King 1939;Kampen et al 1995;Barchilon et al 1996;Kunos et al 1999). However, the costal cartilage of the first rib overlaps with the clavicle and soft tissue, and this makes it difficult to extract only the first costal cartilage from a CT image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating Age at Death Based on Costal Cartilage Calcification

Ikeda

2017

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Age estimation is a crucial part of forensic investigations. Because different parts of the body are often found at crime scenes, it is important to explore the regions that can be used for age estimation. Previous studies have used simple X-ray to analyze changes in costal cartilage calcification as a measure of age. Here, we tested whether age could be better estimated using measurements of costal cartilage calcification on postmortem CT images. In this study, male and female decedents (n = 10 each) from autopsy cases were grouped into 10-year incremental age groups (20-29 y; 30-39 y; up to 89 y). We found that the mean Hounsfield unit (CT number) and percentage calcification (the ratio of the ossified area to the whole area) increased with age for both sexes. However, there were marked individual differences within many of the groups, and this led to a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) only between the 20-29 y group and the older age groups. To improve the ability to correctly assign cases to age groups, we introduced and reanalyzed the data using Bayesian statistics. This improved the classifications rates, with 40% of males and 35% of females correctly assigned into their age groups. Broadening the age range could further improve the number of matches. Thus, combining Bayesian statistics with CT imaging can be used to estimate age at death from costal cartilage calcification, and could be used as an adjunct in forensic investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Age at Death Based on Costal Cartilage Calcification

Ikeda

2017

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Oettle & Steyn 2000;Salem et al 2014;Yavuz et al 1998). In general, those studies demonstrate varied applicability of the original method and a tendency for it to under-estimate the age of younger individuals, and vice versa for older individuals in instances where consensus between actual and estimated age was reached (Oettle & Steyn 2000;Salem et al 2014). Differences in the overall appearance of the sternal rib and the pattern of morphological change as a function of advanced age have also been noted between populations (Oettle & Steyn 2000).…”

Section: American Caucasian Population Described By Isçanmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The applicability of the Isçan standard (1984bIsçan standard ( , 1985 has been tested in several global populations (e.g. Oettle & Steyn 2000;Salem et al 2014;Yavuz et al 1998). In general, those studies demonstrate varied applicability of the original method and a tendency for it to under-estimate the age of younger individuals, and vice versa for older individuals in instances where consensus between actual and estimated age was reached (Oettle & Steyn 2000;Salem et al 2014).…”

Section: American Caucasian Population Described By Isçanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original method has also been tested using culturally and geographically dissimilar populations to determine overall accuracy, and to evaluate whether the pattern of morphological change in the fourth sternal rib end follows the same progression in these populations (e.g. Isçan et al 1987;Oettle & Steyn 2000;Salem et al 2014;Yavuz et al 1998; see Chapter Three for a more detailed review).…”

Section: The Sternal Rib As An Age Markermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of the İşcan method in clinical MSCT scans specific to an Australian population

2019

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Contemporary research in the field of forensic anthropology has been diversified and aided by the use of medical imaging technology, which is increasingly being utilised to produce estimates of chronological age as part of the biological profile of an unidentified deceased individual, or a living individual whose age is contested. Age vii Dedication I would like to dedicate this thesis to my parents, Iwona and Edward Kopczyk. I can say with complete certainty that I would not be where I am today without your bravery, self-sacrifice and dedication to improving my quality of life. I hope that this thesis comes to represent all that you have wished to provide for me. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .

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The role of multislice computed tomography of the costal cartilage in adult age estimation

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2017

Int J Legal Med

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To establish population-specific age estimation models in adults from costal cartilage for contemporary Chinese by using three-dimensional volume-rendering technique. Five hundred and twelve individuals (254 females and 258 males) with documented ages between 20 and 85 years were retrospectively included. Their clinical CT examinations (1 mm slice thickness) were used to develop the sex-specific age prediction model. A validation sample comprising 26 female and 24 male individuals was then used to test the predictive accuracy of the established models. Simple linear regression (SLR), multiple linear regression (MLR), gradient boosting regression (GBR), support vector machine (SVM), and decision tree regression (DTR) were utilized to build the age diagnosis models from calibration samples. By comparison, the decision tree regression was the relatively more accurate age prediction model for male, with mean absolute error = 5.31 years, least absolute error = 0.10 years, correct percentage within 5 years = 54%, and the correct percentage within 10 years = 88%. The stepwise multiple linear regression equations was the relatively more accurate one for female, with mean absolute error = 6.72 years, least absolute error = 0.68 years, correct percentage within 5 years = 42%, and correct percentage within 10 years = 77%. Our results indicated that the present established age estimation model can be applied as an additional guidance for age estimation in adults.

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Age estimation from the sternal end of the fourth rib: A study of the validity of İşcan’s Method in Tunisian male population

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Estimating Age at Death Based on Costal Cartilage Calcification

Estimating Age at Death Based on Costal Cartilage Calcification

Validation of the İşcan method in clinical MSCT scans specific to an Australian population

The role of multislice computed tomography of the costal cartilage in adult age estimation

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