Age effect in generating mental images of buildings but not common objects

Piccardi, Laura; Nori, Raffaella; Palermo, Liana; Guariglia, Cecilia; Giusberti, Fiorella

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.06.058

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Among the external factors are environmental configuration, landmark visual accessibility, circulation systems and signage [5,6]. In contrast, internal factors include the individual's inclination to capture some environmental information instead of other (field dependence/independence [7][8][9][10][11]), gender [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], age [20][21][22][23][24][25], familiarity with the environment and job-related expertise [4,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Internal factors can also include the navigational strategies that the individual prefers to use to navigate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Advanced Spatial Strategies Depend on the Number of Flight Hours? The Case of Military Pilots

Giancola

Verde²,

Cacciapuoti³

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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Background: Military pilots show advanced visuospatial skills. Previous studies demonstrate that they are better at mentally rotating a target, taking different perspectives, estimating distances and planning travel and have a topographic memory. Here, we compared navigational cognitive styles between military pilots and people without flight experience. Pilots were expected to be more survey-style users than nonpilots, showing more advanced navigational strategies. Method: A total of 106 military jet pilots from the Italian Air Force and 92 nonpilots from the general population matched for education with the pilots were enrolled to investigate group differences in navigational styles. The participants were asked to perform a reduced version of the Spatial Cognitive Style Test (SCST), consisting of six tasks that allow us to distinguish individuals in terms of landmark (people orient themselves by using a figurative memory for environmental objects), route (people use an egocentric representation of the space) and survey (people have a map-like representation of the space) user styles. Results: In line with our hypothesis, military pilots mainly adopt the survey style, whereas nonpilots mainly adopt the route style. In addition, pilots outperformed nonpilots in both the 3D Rotation Task and Map Description Task. Conclusions: Military flight expertise influences some aspects of spatial ability, leading to enhanced human navigation. However, it must be considered that they are a population whose navigational skills were already high at the time of selection at the academy before formal training began.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Advanced Spatial Strategies Depend on the Number of Flight Hours? The Case of Military Pilots

Giancola

Verde²,

Cacciapuoti³

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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“…Non-topological images are mental representations of stimuli, such as a desktop, the interior of a car (Ortigue et al, 2003), single objects or arrays of objects, which can be manipulated but never navigated. Clinical evidence demonstrated the existence of double dissociations between topological and non-topological mental images in braindamaged patients (Palermo et al, 2010a;Guariglia et al, 2013) as well as differences in mental generation process across the life span (Piccardi et al, 2015); further supports derives from behavioral (Boccia et al, 2014b) and neuroimaging studies (Boccia et al, 2015). Indeed, navigational stimuli are processed differently from common objects (i.e., the clock hands or the map of Italy; Boccia et al, 2014b) in healthy participants; also, these differences are more evident in older individuals (Piccardi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Clinical evidence demonstrated the existence of double dissociations between topological and non-topological mental images in braindamaged patients (Palermo et al, 2010a;Guariglia et al, 2013) as well as differences in mental generation process across the life span (Piccardi et al, 2015); further supports derives from behavioral (Boccia et al, 2014b) and neuroimaging studies (Boccia et al, 2015). Indeed, navigational stimuli are processed differently from common objects (i.e., the clock hands or the map of Italy; Boccia et al, 2014b) in healthy participants; also, these differences are more evident in older individuals (Piccardi et al, 2015). Furthermore, different brain networks support mental imagery of familiar environmental space, geographical space and non-spatial categories, such as faces or clock hands (Boccia et al, 2015(Boccia et al, , 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travel Planning Ability in Right Brain-Damaged Patients: Two Case Reports

Bocchi

Palmiero

Boccia

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Planning ability is fundamental for goal-directed spatial navigation. Preliminary findings from patients and healthy individuals suggest that travel planning (TP)-namely, navigational planning-can be considered a distinct process from visuospatial planning (VP) ability. To shed light on this distinction, two right brain-damaged patients without hemineglect were compared with a control group on two tasks aimed at testing VP (i.e., Tower of London-16, ToL-16) and TP (i.e., Minefield Task, MFT). The former requires planning the moves to reach the right configuration of three colored beads on three pegs, whereas the latter was opportunely developed to assess TP in the navigational environment when obstacles are present. Specifically, the MFT requires participants to plan a route on a large carpet avoiding some hidden obstacles previously observed. Patient 1 showed lesions encompassing the temporoparietal region and the insula; she performed poorer than the control group on the ToL-16 but showed no deficit on the MFT. Conversely, Patient 2 showed lesions mainly located in the occipitoparietal network of spatial navigation; she performed worse than the control group on the MFT but not on the ToL-16. In both cases performances satisfied the criteria for a classical dissociation, meeting criteria for a double dissociation. These results support the idea that TP is a distinct ability and that it is dissociated from VP skills.

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“…Explaining the central role of evaluation in exploring the mental image of the participants which affects the methodology of the research Ueda et al, 2012;Piccardi et al, 2015;Charlton and Starkey, 2017 Perceptual differences…”

Section: Mental Image/mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual perception may also differ by age differences. Piccardi et al (2015) addressed the difference between the generation of mental images of buildings and the generation of mental images of common objects and perceived that for young participants, there was no difference between buildings and common objects, but for older participants generating mental images of common objects was easier than buildings. Such findings highlight the importance of exact determination of the statistical population in exploring the mental images.…”

Section: Perceptual Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Building as machine”: mental image of combined cycle power plants workers

Rezaee

Eghbali

2021

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Purpose This paper aims to interpret the workers’ perception of combined cycle power plants through visual qualities. Design/methodology/approach In this qualitative research landscape image, the sketching technique is applied as a data collection method to extract participants’ mental images by asking them to draw sketches. The resulted sketches besides obtained verbal and written data were analyzed and coded in three stages to explain the workers’ perception. Visual qualities were studied as a mean which made it possible to interpret the workers’ perception of their workplace. Findings Careful analysis of the gathered data and the emerged concepts via open coding identify four axial categories of the concepts forming the workers’ perception of the power plants: “inconsistency with nature,” “emphasis on function and product,” “health and environmental threats” and “interpretation of the built form as a mass instead of space.” These four categories support the core category of the proposed theory which is “perceiving building as the machine.” This phrase explains how workers perceive power plants as machines, not as supportive and lively environments. This is followed by consequences, “precedence of building over human” is prominent among them. Originality/value In the relevant body of literature, visual impact and visual perception of conventional thermal power plants are largely missed, as well as visual relation to environment focusing on a single building or groups of adjacent buildings. This paper covers both areas via asking for sketches as a data collection method, in addition, to interview the participants to clarify their mental image of the work environment.

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Age effect in generating mental images of buildings but not common objects

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Do Advanced Spatial Strategies Depend on the Number of Flight Hours? The Case of Military Pilots

Do Advanced Spatial Strategies Depend on the Number of Flight Hours? The Case of Military Pilots

Travel Planning Ability in Right Brain-Damaged Patients: Two Case Reports

“Building as machine”: mental image of combined cycle power plants workers

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