Age disparities in stage‐specific colon cancer survival across seven countries: An <scp>International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership</scp><scp>SURVMARK</scp>‐2 population‐based study

Pilleron, Sophie; Charvat, Hadrien; Araghi, Marzieh; Arnold, Melina; Fidler-Benaoudia, Miranda M; Bardot, Aude; Guren, Marianne G.; Tervonen, Hanna; Little, Alana; O’Connell, Dianne; Gavin, Anna; De, Prithwish; Thomsen, Linda Aagaard; Møller, Bjørn; Jackson, Christopher; Bucher, Oliver; Walsh, Paul; Vernon, Sally; Bray, Freddie; Soerjomataram, Isabelle

doi:10.1002/ijc.33326

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…20 One study used data from >20 Europeans countries, 75 and another one from seven highincome countries. 41 Fifteen studies included all cancer stages, 16 17 21 26 28 29 35 36 38 41 64 74-77 four studies restricted their analyses to stage III cancer, 20 27 33 39 five studies to stages I-III 30-32 34 40 and one study to stages II-III. 37 Ten studies included all patients whatever their age at diagnosis, 16 17 27 28 32 34-36 38 74 with the inclusion criterion for age varying widely in the remaining studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival: a systematic narrative literature review

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo identify patterns of age disparities in cancer survival, using colon and lung cancer as exemplars.DesignSystematic review of the literature.Data sourcesWe searched Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science through 18 December 2020.Eligibility criteriaWe retained all original articles published in English including patients with colon or lung cancer. Eligible studies were required to be population-based, report survival across several age groups (of which at least one was over the age of 65) and at least one other characteristic (eg, sex, treatment).Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies against selected evaluation domains from the QUIPS tool, and items concerning statistical reporting. We evaluated age disparities using the absolute difference in survival or mortality rates between the middle-aged group and the oldest age group, or by describing survival curves.ResultsOut of 3047 references, we retained 59 studies (20 for colon, 34 for lung and 5 for both sites). Regardless of the cancer site, the included studies were highly heterogeneous and often of poor quality. The magnitude of age disparities in survival varied greatly by sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, stage at diagnosis, cancer site, and morphology, the number of nodes examined and treatment strategy. Although results were inconsistent for most characteristics, we consistently observed greater age disparities for women with lung cancer compared with men. Also, age disparities increased with more advanced stages for colon cancer and decreased with more advanced stages for lung cancer.ConclusionsAlthough age is one of the most important prognostic factors in cancer survival, age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival have so far been understudied in population-based research. Further studies are needed to better understand age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020151402.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival: a systematic narrative literature review

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, we included patients with known stage IV colon cancer while 9.8% have unknown stage, which may have led to selection bias. Stage at diagnosis is more likely to be missing in older adults than younger adults 21,22 . Further studies on the effect of surgery on survival in patients diagnosed with colon cancer is, therefore, warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immortal time bias in older vs younger age groups: a simulation study with application to a population-based cohort of patients with colon cancer

Pilleron

Maringe

Morris

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: In observational studies, the risk of immortal time bias (ITB) increases with the likelihood of early death, itself increasing with age. We investigated how age impacts the magnitude of ITB when estimating the effect of surgery on one-year overall survival (OS) in patients with stage IV colon cancer aged 50-74 and 75-99 in England. Method: Using simulations, we compared estimates from a time-fixed exposure model to three methods addressing ITB: time-varying exposure, delayed entry, and landmark methods. We then estimated the effect of surgery on one-year OS using a national population-based cohort of patients derived from the CORECT-R resource. Results: In simulations, the magnitude of ITB was larger among older patients when their probability of early death increased or treatment was delayed. The bias was corrected using the methods addressing ITB. When applied to CORECT-R data, these methods yielded smaller effects than the time-fixed exposure approach but effects were similar in both age groups. Conclusion: ITB must be addressed in all longitudinal studies, particularly, when investigating the effect of an exposure on an outcome in different groups of people (e.g., age groups) with different distributions of exposure and outcomes.

show abstract

“…Stage is an important predictor of survival, but among those studies that have measured age-related differences in cancer survival, 5-11 those that have stratified by stage tend to be focused on a single cancer type. 8-11 Comparing patterns in age-related differences in relative survival by stage across multiple cancer types with different prognoses, however, can provide insight and generate hypotheses as to how age-related differences in survival arise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related differences in cancer relative survival in the US: a SEER-18 analysis

Withrow

Nicholson

Morris

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Importance: In the United States (US) in 2017, nearly half a million adults aged 75 and older were diagnosed with cancer. Cancer survival has improved since the 1990s, but to different extents across age groups, with a disadvantage for older adults. Documenting age-related differences in cancer survival in the US can help to inform prioritization efforts to narrow the age-related gap in cancer survival. Objective: To quantify age-related differences in relative survival by stage at diagnosis for 10 cancer types. Design: Retrospective population-based observational study of cancers diagnosed between 2012-2016 with follow-up through December 31, 2017 Setting: 18 US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results cancer registries Participants: 844,296 individuals aged 50 and over with first primary cancers of the prostate, breast, rectum, colon, ovary, esophagus, stomach, liver, lung, and pancreas. Exposure: Age at cancer diagnosis (50-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85-99) and stage at diagnosis (localized, regional, distant, and unknown/unstaged). Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): One-year relative survival (RS). We estimated the absolute difference in 1-year RS between the 50 to 64 age group and the 75 to 84 age group. Results: The smallest age-related differences were observed for prostate and breast cancers (1.8%-points [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-2.1] and 1.9%-points [95% CI: 1.5-2.3], respectively). The largest was for ovarian cancer (27 points, 95%CI: 24-29). For other cancers, differences ranged between 7 (95% CI: 5-9, esophagus) and 18%-points (95% CI: 17-19, pancreas). With the exception of pancreatic cancer, cancer type and stage combinations with either very high (e.g., >95%) or very low (e.g., <40%) 1-year RS tended to have smaller age-related differences in survival than those with mid-range prognoses. Conclusions and Relevance: The broad age-related variation in survival across cancer types and stages may reflect the degree to which cancers are amenable to anti-cancer treatment. Future work to measure the extent of age-related differences that are avoidable, and identify how to narrow the survival gap, may have most benefit by prioritizing cancers with relatively large age-related differences in survival, especially at earlier stages (e.g., stomach, esophagus, liver and pancreas).

show abstract

Age disparities in stage‐specific colon cancer survival across seven countries: An International Cancer Benchmarking PartnershipSURVMARK‐2 population‐based study

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Patterns of age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival: a systematic narrative literature review

Patterns of age disparities in colon and lung cancer survival: a systematic narrative literature review

Immortal time bias in older vs younger age groups: a simulation study with application to a population-based cohort of patients with colon cancer

Age-related differences in cancer relative survival in the US: a SEER-18 analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About