Age differences in clinical manifestation and prognosis of thyroid eye disease

Simon, Guy J. Ben; Katz, Gabriel; Zloto, Ofira; Leiba, Hana; Hadas, Beatrix; Huna‐Baron, Ruth

doi:10.1007/s00417-015-3156-2

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Ocular ductions were graded from 0 to -4 with 0 indicating normal and -4 indicating severe limitation. Hertel exophthalmometry was examined and proptosis was defined as an exophthalmometry value of 17.0 mm or more [ 19 ]. Strabismus surgery was indicated when the ET was over 10 prism diopters (PD) at far and near distance, causing diplopia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Responses of Medial Rectus Muscle Recession in Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Esotropia

et al. 2016

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We evaluate the surgical outcomes and surgical responses of medial rectus muscle (MR) recession patients with thyroid eye disease (TED)-related esotropia (ET). The surgical dose-response curves 1 week postoperatively and at the final visit were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were applied to investigate factors influencing surgical dose-response. A total of 43 patients with TED-related ET that underwent MR recession were included. The final success rate was 86.0% and the rate of undercorrection was 14.0%. The surgical dose-response curves of TED-related ET showed a gentle slope compared with those of standard surgical tables. In the univariable model, simultaneous vertical rectus muscle recession was the only significant factor influencing surgical dose-response of MR recession in TED-related ET (β = -0.397, P = 0.044). In a model adjusted for age, sex, type of surgery, and preoperative horizontal angle of deviation, simultaneous vertical rectus muscle recession showed marginal significance (β = -0.389, P = 0.064). The surgical dose-response curve of TED-related ET was unique. Simultaneous vertical rectus muscle recession was associated with increased surgical dose-response in TED-related ET.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Responses of Medial Rectus Muscle Recession in Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Esotropia

et al. 2016

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“…Thyroid eye disease is an autoimmune disease associated with orbital inflammation, fibrosis, and soft tissue expansion leading to compression of orbital structures and subsequent proptosis. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Orbital decompression surgery is designed to decrease proptosis and congestion by expanding the bony orbital volume or orbital fat is removed to debulk the soft tissue volume. 3,7,8 Multiple decompression techniques have been introduced in previous decades including lateral wall removal, 9 transcoronal approach, 4 balanced decompression, 10,11 endoscopic medial decompression, 12,13 and fat decompression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital anatomical parameters affecting outcome of deep lateral orbital wall decompression

Rajabi

Tabary

Baharnoori

et al. 2020

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: To determine orbital anatomical parameters that affect surgical outcome of deep lateral orbital wall decompression. Methods: Twenty orbits of 20 patients with moderate proptosis (maximum 25 mm) due to thyroid eye disease who were stable for at least 6 months were included in this prospective cohort study. Four parameters including lateral orbital wall distance (LOWD), removable surface area (RSA), removable surface length (RSL), and sphenoid door jamb thickness (SDJ) were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scan prior to surgery in these patients. Deep lateral orbital wall decompression without fat removal was done in all patients. Relationship between all these factors and proptosis reduction, 6 months after surgery was assessed. Results: Mean proptosis before decompression surgery (mean ± SD) was 23.22 ± 1.19 mm and reduction in Hertel exophthalmometry (mean ± SD) was −3.27 ± 1.03 mm ( p = 0.006). Pearson correlation showed that LOWD, RSL, and SDJ had statistically significant correlation with proptosis reduction ( p = 0.017, 0.002, and 0.001, respectively.). Linear multivariate regression analysis showed SDJ as the only independent factor in predicting surgical outcome. Conclusion: several orbital anatomical factors have significant role in predicting surgical outcome following deep lateral wall orbital decompression. Among these parameters, SDJ is an independent factor, whereas LOWD and RSL are dependent factors. Preoperative assessment of the bony sphenoid anatomy may be helpful in predicting the amount of potential decompression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 As the predominant population of the authors current study was female, this initial association with age and the Rainbow Brow may have been a result of normal trends with aging and brow fat pad expansion. 23 Proptosis may also be related to the development of a Rainbow Brow. Large degrees of proptosis will result in vertical displacement of the brow fat pad as the globe protrudes outward.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arched Rainbow Brow in Thyroid Eye Disease

Tran

Yang

Tooley

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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To morphologically describe and mathematically quantify a novel clinical feature of thyroid eye disease (TED).Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of TED patients and age-sex-matched normal controls. The arched Rainbow Brow appearance in TED patients was determined by unanimous agreement of 3 oculoplastic surgeons. Eyebrow curvature was assessed by plotting 15 points along the eyebrow in ImageJ. The fourth-degree polynomial (y = ax 4 + bx 3 + cx 2 + dx + e) was fitted to each eyebrow.Results: Two hundred seventy-one eyes were analyzed (200 TED and 71 age-sex-matched normal controls). A Rainbow Brow was identified in 42% of TED patients. A unilateral Rainbow Brow was seen in 15% of patients. The fourth-degree polynomial coefficients yielded significant differences between Rainbow Brow patients and age-sex-matched normal controls for the coefficients a, b, c, and d. Similar analysis of TED patients with and without a Rainbow Brow showed differences in coefficients a and b. Age >50 years (p = 0.009) and the presence of brow fat expansion (p < 0.001) were associated with the presence of a Rainbow Brow. Proptosis >24 mm showed a trend toward association with the presence of a Rainbow Brow (p = 0.057). When considering the contribution of these features in a multivariable analysis, only brow fat expansion was a significant contributing factor (p = 0.009).Conclusions: The Rainbow Brow is a distinct entity in TED and is likely consequent to brow fat pad expansion. Patients with a Rainbow Brow have different eyebrow curvature as compared to both normal age-sex-matched controls and TED patients without a Rainbow Brow.

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Age differences in clinical manifestation and prognosis of thyroid eye disease

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Surgical Responses of Medial Rectus Muscle Recession in Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Esotropia

Surgical Responses of Medial Rectus Muscle Recession in Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Esotropia

Orbital anatomical parameters affecting outcome of deep lateral orbital wall decompression

The Arched Rainbow Brow in Thyroid Eye Disease

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